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11. 发明申请

US20070280265A1 Method for Separation of IP+Optical Management Domains 有权
标题翻译：分离IP +光学管理域的方法
公开(公告)号：US20070280265A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-06
申请号：US11421661
申请日：2006-06-01
申请人： Ornan Gerstel
发明人： Ornan Gerstel
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L41/147 , H04J14/0256 , H04J14/0267 , H04J14/0275 , H04L41/06 , H04L41/0806 , H04L43/0823
摘要： The present invention provides a mechanism and a method for indirectly controlling a router interface from an optical management system in an IP-optical network. A mechanism is provided for controlling a router interface from a management system indirectly, by using optical equipment as a proxy and communicating between the optical gear and router via a peer-to-peer signaling protocol. The present invention provides a management method that allows separate management systems for the optical layer and the IP layer and a method for managing the network across the domains.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种从IP光网络中的光学管理系统间接控制路由器接口的机制和方法。提供了一种用于通过使用光学设备作为代理并且经由对等信令协议在光学齿轮与路由器之间进行通信来间接地从管理系统控制路由器接口的机制。本发明提供一种管理方法，其允许用于光层和IP层的单独的管理系统以及跨域的管理网络的方法。

12. 发明申请

US20050213508A1 Line-level path protection in the optical layer 有权
标题翻译：光层中线路路径保护
公开(公告)号：US20050213508A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-29
申请号：US10809987
申请日：2004-03-26
申请人： Ornan Gerstel
发明人： Ornan Gerstel
IPC分类号： H04L12/24 , H04L12/26 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04J2203/006 , H04L41/0663 , H04L45/22
摘要： Systems and methods provide very fast protection switching while leaving selected traffic unprotected. When a link fails, only certain pre-selected paths are rerouted at the point of failure. Other traffic is left unprotected or protected at another layer. Signaling of the failure and the rerouting is performed for the link as a whole rather than for the individual paths. Signaling occurs at a first layer of a digital transmission hierarchy while path rerouting switching occurs at a second hierarchical layer above the first layer. In certain implementations, K1/K2 bytes are used in signaling at the optical line layer (OC-n), while only protected High-Order paths (STS) and Low-Order paths (VT) are protected by the protection switch.
摘要翻译：系统和方法提供非常快速的保护切换，同时保留所选流量不受保护。当链路发生故障时，只有某些预先选择的路径在故障点被重新路由。其他流量在另一层保持不受保护或保护。对于整个链路而不是针对各个路径执行故障和重新路由的信令。信令发生在数字传输层次的第一层，而路径重路由切换发生在第一层以上的第二层。在某些实现中，K1 / K2字节用于光线路层（OC-n）的信令，而只有受保护的高阶路径（STS）和低阶路径（VT）被保护开关保护。

13. 发明申请

US20050002601A1 Strictly non-blocking switch core having optimized switching architecture based on reciprocity conditions 有权
标题翻译：基于互易条件的严格非阻塞交换机核心具有优化的交换架构
公开(公告)号：US20050002601A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-06
申请号：US10897642
申请日：2004-07-23
申请人： Philip Lin , Paul Green , Ornan Gerstel
发明人： Philip Lin , Paul Green , Ornan Gerstel
IPC分类号： G02B6/35 , H04Q11/00 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04Q11/00 , G02B6/3544 , G02B6/356 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0056 , H04Q2011/0073
摘要： A switch core is set forth that comprises a plurality of duplex switches that are interconnected with a interconnection fabric to implement, for example, strictly non-blocking operation of the switch core for reciprocal traffic. In one embodiment, an N-way reciprocal switch is implemented. The N-way reciprocal switch comprises a plurality of duplex switches numbering N of at least a 1×(N−1) switch type (e.g., the duplex switches have at least N−1 ports available for connection to implement the interconnection fabric). The interconnection fabric interconnects the plurality of duplex switches so that each duplex switch is connected to every other duplex switch used in the interconnection fabric by a single connection. A similar architecture using switches numbering N of at least a 1×N switch type are also set forth. Still further, a plurality of duplex switches are used to implement an (n,m)-way switch that, in turn can be used to construct a recursive LM-way switch core and/or recursively expand an existing Clos switch core.
摘要翻译：提出了一种交换机核心，其包括与互连结构互连的多个双工交换机，以实现用于交互业务的交换机核心的严格无阻塞操作。在一个实施例中，实现了N路互逆开关。 N路互换交换机包括编号为至少1x（N-1）交换机类型的多个双工交换机（例如，双工交换机具有至少可用于连接的N-1个端口以实现互连结构）。互连结构互连多个双工交换机，使得每个双工交换机通过单个连接连接到互连结构中使用的每个其他双工交换机。还阐述了使用编号为至少1xN交换机类型的交换机的类似架构。另外，多个双工交换机被用于实现一个（n，m）交换机，其又可以用于构造一个递归的LM路由交换机核心和/或递归地扩展现有的Clos交换机核心。

14. 发明授权

US08045853B2 Mechanism for tracking wavelengths in a DWDM network without specialized hardware 有权
标题翻译：在没有专门的硬件的情况下，在DWDM网络中跟踪波长的机制
公开(公告)号：US08045853B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US11566400
申请日：2006-12-04
申请人： Ornan Gerstel , Stefano Piciaccia , Mauro Rudy Casanova , Valerio Viscardi , Gabriele Galimberti
发明人： Ornan Gerstel , Stefano Piciaccia , Mauro Rudy Casanova , Valerio Viscardi , Gabriele Galimberti
IPC分类号： H04B10/08 , H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0221 , H04J14/028 , H04J14/0284
摘要： In one embodiment, techniques provide a mechanism for tracking wavelengths in a DWDM network. In particular, embodiments of the present invention also provide for connection tracking using a slowly modulated pilot tone in a DWDM network without dedicated hardware for the generation and the diction of the tone.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，技术提供了用于跟踪DWDM网络中的波长的机制。特别地，本发明的实施例还提供了在DWDM网络中使用缓慢调制的导频音调的连接跟踪，而没有用于音调的产生和分类的专用硬件。

15. 发明授权

US07724676B2 Proactive protection mechanism based on advanced failure warning 有权
标题翻译：基于先进故障预警的主动保护机制
公开(公告)号：US07724676B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-25
申请号：US11726225
申请日：2007-03-21
申请人： Ornan Gerstel , Gabriele Maria Galimberti , Loukas Paraschis , Anand Girish Parthasarathy , Humayun Sohel
发明人： Ornan Gerstel , Gabriele Maria Galimberti , Loukas Paraschis , Anand Girish Parthasarathy , Humayun Sohel
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0245 , H04J14/028 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/62 , H04Q11/0062 , H04Q11/0066 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： In one embodiment, an apparatus can include: (i) logic configured to detect an advanced warning indication, such as for a degraded signal condition, on a first link between first and second network devices, where the detection can utilize a number of corrected bits and forward error correction (FEC), for example; and (ii) logic configured to reroute packet traffic from the first link to a second link when the degraded signal condition is detected.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，装置可以包括：（i）逻辑，被配置为在第一和第二网络设备之间的第一链路上检测高级警告指示，例如降级的信号状况，其中检测可以利用多个校正位和前向纠错（FEC）; 以及（ii）配置成当检测到恶化的信号条件时将分组业务从第一链路重新路由到第二链路的逻辑。

16. 发明申请

US20090097014A1 Measurement of Optical Fiber Length and Determination of Chromatic Dispersion Over the Optical Fiber 有权
标题翻译：光纤长度的测量和光纤上色散的测定
公开(公告)号：US20090097014A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US11872656
申请日：2007-10-15
申请人： Stefano Piciaccia , Fabrizio Forghieri , Ornan Gerstel , Gabriele Maria Galimberti
发明人： Stefano Piciaccia , Fabrizio Forghieri , Ornan Gerstel , Gabriele Maria Galimberti
IPC分类号： G01B11/02
CPC分类号： G01B11/02 , G01M11/338 , G01M11/39
摘要： In one embodiment, first optical signal can be generated at a first end of an optical fiber segment at a first time. The first optical signal can be detected at a second end of the optical fiber segment at a second time. A second optical signal can be generated at a second end of the optical fiber segment at a third time in response to the detection of the first optical signal. The second optical signal can be detected at the first end of the optical fiber segment at a fourth time. A length of the optical fiber segment can be determined based on a difference between the second time and the first time, a difference between the third time and the second time, and a difference between the fourth time and the third time.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，第一光信号可以在第一时间在光纤段的第一端产生。可以在第二时间在光纤段的第二端检测第一光信号。响应于第一光信号的检测，可以在第三时间在光纤段的第二端产生第二光信号。可以在第四时间在光纤段的第一端检测第二光信号。可以基于第二时间和第一时间之间的差异，第三时间和第二时间之间的差异以及第四时间和第三时间之间的差异来确定光纤段的长度。

17. 发明申请

US20080256421A1 Variable forward error correction for optical communication links 有权
标题翻译：光通信链路的可变前向纠错
公开(公告)号：US20080256421A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-16
申请号：US11786696
申请日：2007-04-12
申请人： Ornan Gerstel , Loukas Paraschis , Peter Lothberg
发明人： Ornan Gerstel , Loukas Paraschis , Peter Lothberg
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H03M13/353 , H03M13/15 , H03M13/1515
摘要： A method and system for setting a variable forward error correction overhead in an optical transport network frame for an optical link at a node are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes selecting a forward error correction overhead, signaling an optical node the selected forward error correction overhead, and setting the forward error correction overhead in the optical network transport frame for use in transmission of data over the optical link. In one embodiment, the forward error correction overhead is complementary to the data payload to maintain total transmission rate.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在节点处的光链路的光传输网络帧中设置可变前向纠错开销的方法和系统。在一个实施例中，一种方法包括选择前向纠错开销，向光学节点发信号通知所选择的前向纠错开销，以及在光网络传输帧中设置前向纠错开销，用于在光链路上传输数据。在一个实施例中，前向纠错开销与数据有效载荷互补以维持总传输速率。

18. 发明申请

US20070237524A1 Optical Switching Architectures for Nodes in WDM Mesh and Ring Networks 有权
标题翻译： WDM Mesh和Ring网络节点的光交换架构
公开(公告)号：US20070237524A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：US11278595
申请日：2006-04-04
申请人： Ornan Gerstel , Mauro Macchi , Stefano Piciaccia
发明人： Ornan Gerstel , Mauro Macchi , Stefano Piciaccia
IPC分类号： H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04J14/0204 , H04J14/0205 , H04J14/021 , H04J14/0212 , H04J14/0216 , H04J14/0217 , H04J14/0219 , H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0284 , H04J14/0286 , H04J14/0294 , H04J14/0295 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0052 , H04Q2011/0081 , H04Q2011/0092
摘要： Switching architectures for WDM mesh and ring network nodes are presented. In mesh networks, the switching architectures have multiple levels - a network level having wavelength routers for add, drop and pass-through functions, an intermediate level having device units which handle add and drop signals, and a local level having port units for receiving signals dropped from the network and transmitting signals to be added to the network. The intermediate level device units are selected and arranged for performance and cost considerations. The multilevel architecture also permits the design of reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers for ring network nodes, the easy expansion of ring networks into mesh networks, and the accommodation of protection mechanisms in ring networks.
摘要翻译：介绍了WDM网格和环网节点的交换架构。在网状网络中，交换架构具有多个级别 - 具有用于添加，丢弃和传递功能的波长路由器的网络级别，具有处理添加和丢弃信号的设备单元的中间级别以及具有用于接收信号的端口单元的本地级从网络中丢弃并发送要添加到网络的信号。为了性能和成本考虑，选择和布置中级设备单元。多层架构还允许为环网节点设计可重配置的光分插复用器，将网络轻松扩展到网状网络中，以及环网中保护机制的适应性。

19. 发明授权

US07116860B1 Coupler add/drop node WDM network architecture with periodic cleanup 有权
标题翻译：耦合器添加/删除节点WDM网络架构，定期清理
公开(公告)号：US07116860B1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-03
申请号：US10728535
申请日：2003-12-05
申请人： Ornan Gerstel , Valerio Viscardi , Stefano Piciaccia , Gianpaolo Barozzi
发明人： Ornan Gerstel , Valerio Viscardi , Stefano Piciaccia , Gianpaolo Barozzi
IPC分类号： G02B6/293
CPC分类号： H04J14/0204 , H01S3/0078 , H01S3/06758 , H04J14/0205 , H04J14/0206 , H04J14/0209 , H04J14/021 , H04J14/0219
摘要： A efficient and inexpensive optical WDM network architecture with add and drop couplers. Add couplers and drop couplers connected to a network optical fiber with wavelength blocker units which filter out optical signals at selected wavelengths on the optical fiber. The wavelength blocker units are distributed among the add and drop couplers so that each segment of the optical fiber between pairs of neighboring wavelength blocker units has at least three add and drop couplers. More specifically, each segment has the following relationship: THRU+ADD+DROP+LOCAL≦TOTAL where THRU is the number of channels passing through the segment; ADD is the number of channels added within the segment; DROP the number of channels dropped within the segment; LOCAL the number of channels confined within the segment; and TOTAL is the total capacity of the optical fiber.
摘要翻译：一种高效且廉价的具有加和耦合器的光学WDM网络架构。添加连接到具有波长阻挡单元的网络光纤的耦合器和降压耦合器，其滤除光纤上选定波长的光信号。波长阻挡单元分布在加和耦合器之间，使得相邻波长阻挡器单元对之间的光纤的每个段具有至少三个加和耦合耦合器。更具体地说，每个段具有以下关系：<？in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”？> THRU + ADD + DROP + LOCAL <= TOTAL <？in-line-formula description =“在线公式”end =“tail”？>其中THRU是通过段的通道数; ADD是在段内添加的通道数; 降低段内下降的通道数; 本地限制段内的通道数; 而TOTAL是光纤的总容量。

20. 发明申请

US20060110158A1 Methods and apparatus for optical network management using pilot tones 失效
公开(公告)号：US20060110158A1
公开(公告)日：2006-05-25
申请号：US11328769
申请日：2006-01-10
申请人： John Carrick , Mark Oppenheimer , Rajiv Ramaswami , Ornan Gerstel
发明人： John Carrick , Mark Oppenheimer , Rajiv Ramaswami , Ornan Gerstel
IPC分类号： H04B10/08
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0062 , H04B10/0773 , H04B10/0793 , H04B2210/075 , H04Q2011/0083 , H04Q2011/0088
摘要： Methods and apparatus for managing an optical network using pilot tones are provided. One method includes generating a list of pilot tones contributed by a selected node to each of its target nodes. Network pilot tone sources are re-configured so that a pilot tone source of any optical path incorporating one of the target nodes has a value distinct from the listed pilot tones. The selected node can then be added to the network. Another method includes generating a list including all selected network nodes to be incorporated into a new optical path and nodes adjacent to the selected network nodes. Network pilot tone sources are re-configured until a pilot tone source associated with the new optical path has a pilot tone distinct from that of any listed node. The new optical path can then be added to the network.

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