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    • 11. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and method for inspecting a substrate
    • 用于检查基板的装置和方法
    • US08665417B2
    • 2014-03-04
    • US12996211
    • 2009-06-04
    • Andreas FuchsMaurits Van Der Schaar
    • Andreas FuchsMaurits Van Der Schaar
    • G03B27/42G03B27/52G03B27/32G03B27/54G03B27/58
    • G03F7/70633
    • An apparatus measures properties, such as overlay error, of a substrate divided into a plurality of fields. The apparatus includes a radiation source configured to direct radiation onto a first target of each field of the substrate. Each first target (T4G) has at least a first grating and a second grating having respective predetermined offsets, the predetermined offset (+d) of the first grating being in a direction opposite the predetermined offset (−d) of the second grating. A detector is configured to detect the radiation reflected from each first target and to obtain an asymmetry value for each first target from the detected radiation. Further, a module is configured to determine an overlay value for each first target based on at least the obtained asymmetry value and the predetermined offsets and determine a polynomial fit across a plurality of first targets of a corresponding plurality of fields of the substrate for a relationship between the obtained asymmetry value and determined overlay value of each first target.
    • 一种装置测量分成多个场的衬底的性质,例如覆盖误差。 该装置包括被配置为将辐射引导到衬底的每个场的第一靶上的辐射源。 每个第一目标(T4G)具有至少第一光栅和具有相应预定偏移的第二光栅,第一光栅的预定偏移(+ d)在与第二光栅的预定偏移(-d)相反的方向上。 检测器被配置为检测从每个第一目标反射的辐射,并且从检测到的辐射获得每个第一目标的不对称值。 此外,模块被配置为基于至少所获得的不对称值和预定偏移量来确定每个第一目标的覆盖值,并且确定跨越衬底的相应多个场的多个第一目标的多项式拟合,以获得关系 在获得的不对称值和确定的每个第一目标的覆盖值之间。
    • 12. 发明授权
    • Stacked patch antennas
    • 堆叠贴片天线
    • US08111196B2
    • 2012-02-07
    • US12425502
    • 2009-04-17
    • Cheikh ThiamAndreas FuchsAyman DuzdarChun Kit Lai
    • Cheikh ThiamAndreas FuchsAyman DuzdarChun Kit Lai
    • H01Q1/38
    • H04B1/3805H01Q5/40H01Q9/0414H01Q21/28H01Q21/30
    • According to various exemplary embodiments, an antenna assembly generally includes one or more antennas, such as a single multi-frequency antenna, first and second stacked patch antennas, etc. The antenna assembly may be operable for receiving signals having different frequencies (e.g., a frequency associated with a satellite digital audio radio service (SDARS), a frequency associated with a global positioning system (GPS), etc.). The antenna assembly may generally include at least one antenna (e.g., a single multi-frequency antenna, first and second stacked patch antennas, etc.) having at least one feed point and tuned to at least one of a first frequency and a second frequency that is different than the first frequency. A low noise amplifier may be in communication with the at least one feed point for amplifying signals having the first frequency and signals having the second received from a signal output. A single communication link may be used for communicating an output signal of the antenna assembly.
    • 根据各种示例性实施例,天线组件通常包括一个或多个天线,诸如单个多频天线,第一和第二堆叠贴片天线等。天线组件可用于接收具有不同频率的信号(例如, 与卫星数字音频无线电业务(SDARS)相关联的频率,与全球定位系统(GPS)相关联的频率等)。 天线组件通常可以包括至少一个具有至少一个馈电点并被调谐到第一频率和第二频率中的至少一个的天线(例如,单个多频天线,第一和第二堆叠贴片天线等) 这与第一个频率不同。 低噪声放大器可以与至少一个馈电点通信,用于放大具有第一频率的信号和具有从信号输出接收的第二频率的信号。 单个通信链路可以用于传送天线组件的输出信号。
    • 16. 发明授权
    • Electromechanical converter system for an electric vehicle with enhanced cooling
    • 具有增强冷却功能的电动车用机电转换器系统
    • US09438085B2
    • 2016-09-06
    • US13981305
    • 2011-01-28
    • Andreas Fuchs
    • Andreas Fuchs
    • H02K7/116B62M6/65B62M7/12B60K7/00B60K17/04
    • H02K7/116B60K7/0007B60K17/046B60K2007/0038B60K2007/0092B60W2300/36B60Y2200/12B60Y2200/13B62K2204/00B62M6/65B62M7/12
    • The invention relates to a converter system (1, 1′, 1″) for an electric vehicle and in particular a lightweight electric vehicle. The converter system (1, 1′, 1″) has a supporting housing (10, 10′, 10″) for connecting to the vehicle, has an electromechanical energy converter arranged at least partially in the supporting housing (10, 10′, 10″), said electromechanical energy converter having at least one stator (21, 21′) and a rotor (22, 22′) which is rotatable relative to the stator (21, 21′) about a drive axis (7, 40), and has a power transmitting device which connects the rotor (22, 22′) to a connection element. To permit a particularly cheap design which is easy to maintain and to reduce thermal problems, the supporting housing (10, 10′, 10″) has at least one first (14) and one second axial portion (15). wherein (the first portion (14) has a greater diameter than the second portion (15) in a direction transversely with respect lo the drive axis (7, 40). Here, the second portion (15) of the supporting housing (10, 10′, 10″) is formed for mourning the rotor (22, 22′) and/or the connection element. The rotor (22, 22′) and stator (21, 21′) of the energy converter are arranged at least partially in the first portion (14) of the supporting housing (10, 10′, 10″).
    • 本发明涉及一种用于电动车辆,特别是轻型电动车辆的转换器系统(1,1',1“)。 转换器系统(1,1',1“)具有用于连接到车辆的支撑壳体(10,10',10”),其具有至少部分地布置在支撑壳体(10,10')中的机电能量转换器 10“),所述机电能量转换器具有至少一个定子(21,21')和可绕驱动轴线(7,40)相对于定子(21,21')旋转的转子(22,22'), 并且具有将转子(22,22')连接到连接元件的动力传递装置。 为了允许易于维护并且减少热问题的特别廉价的设计,支撑壳体(10,10',10“)具有至少一个第一(14)和一个第二轴向部分(15)。 其特征在于,所述第一部分(14)在相对于所述驱动轴线(7,40)的横向方向上具有比所述第二部分(15)更大的直径, 10',10“)用于对转子(22,22')和/或连接元件进行悼念,能量转换器的转子(22,22')和定子(21,21')至少部分地布置 在支撑壳体(10,10',10“)的第一部分(14)中。
    • 19. 发明授权
    • Method for braking electrically driven vehicles
    • 电动车辆制动方法
    • US08565992B2
    • 2013-10-22
    • US12227592
    • 2007-03-15
    • Andreas FuchsFrank Jacobi von WangelinBernd LaskaLars Löwenstein
    • Andreas FuchsFrank Jacobi von WangelinBernd LaskaLars Löwenstein
    • B60L7/10B60L7/26
    • B60L7/26B60L7/06B60L7/10B60L7/24B60L2200/26B60L2220/14
    • A method is disclosed for braking electrically driven vehicles, in particular rail vehicles. In at least one embodiment, the behavior of the brake system is configured directly as a function of the system state, i.e. the operating conditions of the vehicle, such as for example the laden state of the vehicle, temperature of the engines and in particular of the magnets, as well as redundancy requirements, and therefore permit the fully functioning mechanical brake which is present in vehicles nowadays to be eliminated. The method of at least one embodiment for braking electrically driven vehicles which are equipped with spring-store-based friction brakes and whose motive drive is provided by way of permanently excited synchronous machines whose terminals are connected via switches to devices which generate a braking torque includes an open-loop or closed-loop controller being activated and the controller connecting the brake system of the engines which are present and the spring-store-based friction brakes into the circuit individually and successively as a function of the operating conditions of the vehicle and the required brake values.
    • 公开了用于制动电动车辆,特别是轨道车辆的方法。 在至少一个实施例中,制动系统的行为被直接配置为系统状态的函数,即车辆的操作条件,例如车辆的负载状态,发动机的温度,特别是 磁体以及冗余要求,因此允许现在车辆中存在的全功能机械制动器被消除。 用于制动电动车辆的至少一个实施例的方法,其配备有基于弹簧储存的摩擦制动器,并且其动力驱动通过永久激励的同步电机提供,其永磁同步电机的端子通过开关连接到产生制动转矩的装置,包括 一个开环或闭环控制器被激活,并且控制器将存在的发动机的制动系统和基于弹簧储存的摩擦制动器根据车辆的操作条件单独且连续地连接到电路中;以及 所需的制动值。