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11. 发明授权

US5391268A Electrochemical process for the removal of residual nitric acid from aqueous hydroxylammonium nitrate 失效
标题翻译：从硝酸羟铵水溶液中除去残余硝酸的电化学工艺
公开(公告)号：US5391268A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-21
申请号：US278527
申请日：1994-07-20
申请人： Jerry J. Kaczur , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , David W. Cawlfield , Elizabeth K. Muse
发明人： Jerry J. Kaczur , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , David W. Cawlfield , Elizabeth K. Muse
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C01B21/14 , C25B1/22 , C25B1/02 , B01D61/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/22 , B01D61/44 , C01B21/1472
摘要： The present invention relates to an electrochemical process for the removal of excess or residual nitric acid from aqueous hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) solutions. The process utilizes a multi-compartment electrochemical membrane cell in which the HAN solution flows through a central ion exchanging compartment bounded by anion membranes on either side. Electrochemically generated OH-ions formed at the cathode are used to displace and remove the nitric acid from the HAN solution. In use, the residual nitric acid content in the HAN is suitably reduced to a specified safe level before the HAN is concentrated to a 13.0 molar final composition.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及从硝酸羟铵（HAN）溶液中除去过量或残留硝酸的电化学方法。该方法利用多室电化学膜电池，其中HAN溶液流过任一侧由阴离子膜界定的中心离子交换室。在阴极处形成的电化学生成的OH-离子用于从HAN溶液中置换和除去硝酸。在使用中，在将HAN浓缩至13.0摩尔的最终组合物之前，将HAN中的残留硝酸含量适当地降低至指定的安全水平。

12. 发明授权

US5376240A Process for the removal of oxynitrogen species for aqueous solutions 失效
标题翻译：用于除去水溶液的含氮物质的方法
公开(公告)号：US5376240A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US156326
申请日：1993-11-23
申请人： Jerry J. Kaczur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr.
发明人： Jerry J. Kaczur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr.
IPC分类号： C02F1/461 , C02F1/467 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/10
CPC分类号： C02F1/4676 , C02F1/4678 , C02F2001/46128 , C02F2001/46142 , C02F2001/46157 , C02F2101/163 , C02F2101/166 , C02F2201/46115
摘要： A process for electrochemically treating an aqueous solution containing inorganic oxynitrogen species is disclosed in which the aqueous solution is fed into the catholyte compartment of an electrochemical reduction cell using a high surface area cathode separated from an anolyte compartment to electrochemically reduce substantially all of the oxynitrogen species to nitrogen or ammonia and produce a purified water product.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于电化学处理含有无机含氧物质的水溶液的方法，其中使用从阳极电解液室分离的高表面积阴极将水溶液进料到电化学还原电池的阴极电解液室中，从而电化学地还原所有的含氧物质加到氮气或氨水中并产生净化水产品。

13. 发明授权

US5296108A Electrochemical process for generating chlorine dioxide using chloric acid-alkali metal chlorate mixtures 失效
标题翻译：使用氯酸 - 碱金属氯酸盐混合物产生二氧化氯的电化学工艺
公开(公告)号：US5296108A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-22
申请号：US919813
申请日：1992-07-24
申请人： Jerry J. Kaczur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , Budd L. Duncan
发明人： Jerry J. Kaczur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , Budd L. Duncan
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , C01B11/02 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/26 , C01B11/14
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , B01J19/2475 , C01B11/023 , B01J2219/00058 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00164 , Y10S423/13
摘要： An aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate is produced in an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, a cathode compartment, and at least one ion exchange compartment between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment. The process comprises feeding an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chlorate to the ion exchange compartment, electrolyzing an anolyte in the anode compartment to generate hydrogen ions, passing the hydrogen ions from the anode compartment through a cation exchange membrane into the ion exchange compartment to displace alkali metal ions and produce an aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate, passing alkali metal ions from the ion exchange compartment into the cathode compartment, removing the aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate from the ion exchange compartment, and reacting the aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate with a strong acid having a dissociation constant of 1.times.10.sup.-4 or greater and a reducing agent to generate chlorine dioxide gas.
摘要翻译：在具有阳极室，阴极室和在阳极室和阴极室之间的至少一个离子交换室的电解池中产生氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液。该方法包括将碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液进料到离子交换室，电解阳极室中的阳极电解液以产生氢离子，使来自阳极室的氢离子通过阳离子交换膜进入离子交换隔室以使其位移产生氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液，使碱金属离子从离子交换室进入阴极室，从离子交换室除去氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液，并使具有解离常数为1×10 -4以上的强酸的氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐水溶液和还原剂以产生二氧化氯气体。

14. 发明授权

US5165911A Process for producing chlorine dioxide 失效
公开(公告)号：US5165911A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US703432
申请日：1991-05-17
申请人： David W. Cawlfield , Sudhir K. Mendiratta
发明人： David W. Cawlfield , Sudhir K. Mendiratta
摘要： A process which comprises heating a reaction mixture comprised of an aqueous solution containing perchlorate ions, chlorate ions and hydrogen ions to produce chlorine dioxide and oxygen gas.The novel process of the present invention provides a commercially viable process for producing chlorine dioxide from mixtures of oxy-chlorine species in the absence of a reducing agent. The process can be operated without producing an acidic salt by-product while producing a chlorine dioxide product which is substantially free of chlorine. In addition, the process of the invention permits a reduction in the amount of acid fed to the chlorine dioxide generator.

15. 发明授权

US5474654A Process for gas phase delignifying wood pulp using chlorine dioxide at subatmospheric pressure 失效
标题翻译：使用二氧化氯在低于大气压的气相脱木质木浆的方法
公开(公告)号：US5474654A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-12
申请号：US142889
申请日：1993-10-25
申请人： Sudhir K. Mendiratta , David W. Cawlfield
发明人： Sudhir K. Mendiratta , David W. Cawlfield
IPC分类号： C01B11/02 , D21C9/14
CPC分类号： C01B11/025 , D21C9/14
摘要： A process for gas phase delignifying wood pulp comprising: contacting wood pulp in the first stage of pulp bleaching with chlorine dioxide-containing gas to delignify said wood pulp; wherein(a) said wood pulp has a consistency of at least about 15 percent;(b) said chlorine dioxide-containing gas contains less than about 3% by weight chlorine gas, based on the weight of chlorine dioxide in said gas; and(c) said contacting is conducted at a subatmospheric pressure from about 15 to about 750 mm Hg. This process reduces the formation of chloroform and significantly reduces the amounts of toxic by-products such as dioxin and other organic chlorides. These undesirable by-products, collectively identified as absorbable organic halides (AOX), require effluents from pulp bleaching processes to undergo expensive treatment methods to eliminate AOX's prior to discharges to sewers. The effluent discharge from this process generally has less than 2.0 kg adsorbed organic halides (AOX) per ton of wood pulp. The pulp produced by this process has a brightness and viscosity that meet or exceed the requirements of industrial papermaking.
摘要翻译：一种用于气相脱木质木浆的方法，包括：在纸浆漂白的第一阶段使木浆与含二氧化氯的气体接触，以使所述木浆脱木质; 其中（a）所述木浆具有至少约15％的稠度; （b）所述含二氧化氯的气体基于所述气体中二氧化氯的重量含有小于约3重量％的氯气; 和（c）所述接触在约15至约750mm Hg的低于大气压的压力下进行。该方法可减少氯仿的形成，并显着减少有毒副产物如二恶英和其他有机氯化物的量。统称为可吸收有机卤化物（AOX）的这些不合需要的副产物要求来自纸浆漂白工艺的废水经历昂贵的处理方法，以在排放到下水道之前消除AOX。来自该方法的污水排放通常具有小于2.0kg的每吨木浆吸附的有机卤化物（AOX）。该方法生产的纸浆具有满足或超过工业造纸要求的亮度和粘度。

16. 发明授权

US5342601A Process for producing chlorine dioxide 失效
标题翻译：二氧化氯生产工艺
公开(公告)号：US5342601A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US925006
申请日：1992-08-05
申请人： David W. Cawlfield , Sudhir K. Mendiratta
发明人： David W. Cawlfield , Sudhir K. Mendiratta
IPC分类号： C01B11/02
CPC分类号： C01B11/023
摘要： A process which comprises heating a reaction mixture comprised of an aqueous solution containing perchlorate ions, chlorate ions and hydrogen ions to produce chlorine dioxide and oxygen gas.The novel process of the present invention provides a commercially viable process for producing chlorine dioxide from mixtures of oxy-chlorine species in the absence of a reducing agent. The process can be operated without producing an acidic salt by-product while producing a chlorine dioxide product which is substantially free of chlorine. In addition, the process of the invention permits a reduction in the amount of acid fed to the chlorine dioxide generator.
摘要翻译：一种方法，包括加热由含有高氯酸根离子，氯酸根离子和氢离子的水溶液组成的反应混合物，以产生二氧化氯和氧气。本发明的新方法提供了在不存在还原剂的情况下从氧 - 氯物质的混合物中生产二氧化氯的商业上可行的方法。该方法可以在不产生酸性盐副产物的情况下进行操作，同时生产基本上不含氯的二氧化氯产物。此外，本发明的方法允许减少进料到二氧化氯发生器中的酸的量。

17. 发明授权

US5223103A Electrochemical process for producing chloric acid-alkali metal chlorate mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于生产氯酸 - 碱金属氯酸盐混合物的电化学工艺
公开(公告)号：US5223103A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US765078
申请日：1991-09-24
申请人： Jerry J. Kazcur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , Budd L. Duncan
发明人： Jerry J. Kazcur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , Budd L. Duncan
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , C01B11/02 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/26
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , B01J19/2475 , C01B11/023 , B01J2219/00058 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00164 , Y10S423/13
摘要： A process for producing chlorine dioxide from an aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate which is prouced in a electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, a cathode compartment and at least one ion exchange compartment between the anode and cathode compartments. The process includes the steps of feeding an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chlorate to the ion exchange compartment, electrolyzing an anolyte in the anode compartment to generate hydrogen ions, passing the hydrogen ions from the anode compartment through a cation exchange membrane into the ion exchange compartment to displace alkali metal ions and produce an aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkalimetal chlorate, passing the alkali metal ions from the ion exchange compartment into the cathode compartment, and finally passing the aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate to a chlorate dioxide generator.
摘要翻译：一种在氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐水溶液中生产二氧化氯的方法，该方法在具有阳极室，阴极室和阳极室和阴极室之间的至少一个离子交换室的电解池中得到。该方法包括以下步骤：将碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液进料到离子交换室，电解阳极室中的阳极电解液以产生氢离子，使来自阳极室的氢离子通过阳离子交换膜进入离子交换隔离碱取代碱金属离子并产生氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液，使碱金属离子从离子交换室进入阴极室，最后将氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐水溶液通入氯酸二甲酯发电机。

18. 发明授权

US5084148A Electrochemical process for producing chloric acid - alkali metal chlorate mixtures 失效
标题翻译：生产氯酸的电化学工艺 - 碱金属氯化物混合物
公开(公告)号：US5084148A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-28
申请号：US475603
申请日：1990-02-06
申请人： Jerry J. Kazcur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , Budd L. Duncan
发明人： Jerry J. Kazcur , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr. , Budd L. Duncan
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , C01B11/02 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/26
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , B01J19/2475 , C01B11/023 , B01J2219/00058 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00164 , Y10S423/13
摘要： A process for electrolytically producing an aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate in an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment, a cathode compartment, and at least one ion exchange compartment between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment. The process includes the steps of feeding an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chlorate to the ion exchange compartment, electrolyzing an anolyte in the anode compartment to generate hydrogen ions, passing the hydrogen ions from the anode compartment through a cation exchange membrane into the ion exchange compartment to displace alkali metal ions and produce an aqueous solution of chloric acid and alkali metal chlorate, and passing alkali metal ions from the ion exchange compartment into the cathode compartment.
摘要翻译：在具有阳极室，阴极室和阳极室与阴极室之间的至少一个离子交换室的电解池中电解生产氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐水溶液的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：将碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液进料到离子交换室，电解阳极室中的阳极电解液以产生氢离子，使来自阳极室的氢离子通过阳离子交换膜进入离子交换隔离碱取代碱金属离子并产生氯酸和碱金属氯酸盐的水溶液，并将碱金属离子从离子交换室送入阴极室。

19. 发明授权

US5282935A Electrodialytic process for producing an alkali solution 失效
标题翻译：用于生产碱溶液的电渗析方法
公开(公告)号：US5282935A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-01
申请号：US867557
申请日：1992-04-13
申请人： David W. Cawlfield , Jerry J. Kaczur
发明人： David W. Cawlfield , Jerry J. Kaczur
IPC分类号： B01D61/46 , B01D61/44 , B01D61/52 , C01D1/40
CPC分类号： B01D61/445 , B01D61/52 , C01D1/40
摘要： A bipolar water ionizing electrode and a process employing such an electrode in an electrodialytic cell are disclosed. The cell has a plurality of ion exchange compartments separated by cation permselective membranes and the bipolar water ionizing electrode. The bipolar electrode is permeable to gas and electric current and impervious to liquid.
摘要翻译：公开了双极水电离电极和在电渗析池中使用这种电极的方法。电池具有多个由阳离子选择选择膜和双极水离子电极隔开的离子交换室。双极电极对气体和电流是可渗透的，不透液体。

20. 发明授权

US4892636A Modular electrolytic cell and processing apparatus 失效
标题翻译：模块化电解槽和加工设备
公开(公告)号：US4892636A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-09
申请号：US207798
申请日：1988-06-17
申请人： Roger E. Bolick, II , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr.
发明人： Roger E. Bolick, II , David W. Cawlfield , Kenneth E. Woodard, Jr.
IPC分类号： C25B9/00 , C25B15/00
CPC分类号： C25B15/00 , C25B9/00
摘要： An easily transportable electrolytic cell and associated processing apparatus is modularly constructed and supported in modular support sections that are easily separated and loaded onto transport vehicles for transport to distant remote sites where the electrolytic cell module and the processing apparatus module are reassembled and the apparatus is put into operation where the product chemical produced by the electrolytic cell is utilized.
摘要翻译：一个易于运输的电解池和相关的加工设备被模块化地构造和支撑在模块化的支撑部分中，这些部件容易地分离并装载到运输车辆上，以便运送到遥控的远处，重新装配电解槽模块和处理装置模块，进入使用电解池生产的产品化学品的操作。

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