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11. 发明授权

US5294740A Preparation of formic acid by thermal cleavage of quaternary ammonium formates 失效
标题翻译：通过季铵化合物的热裂解制备甲酸
公开(公告)号：US5294740A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US41048
申请日：1993-03-31
申请人： Hans Kiefer , Leopold Hupfer , Ferdinand Lippert
发明人： Hans Kiefer , Leopold Hupfer , Ferdinand Lippert
IPC分类号： C07C51/02 , C07C51/09 , C07C51/44
CPC分类号： C07C51/02
摘要： A process for preparing formic acid by thermal cleavage of quaternary ammonium formates of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are C.sub.1 - to C.sub.14 -alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.16 -aralkyl, or together are 1,4- or 1,5-alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted one to four times by C.sub.1 -to C.sub.4 -alkyl, with the proviso that the sum of the carbon atoms of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 in the quaternary ammonium formates I is 7 to 40,comprises carrying out the cleavage in the presence of secondary formamides of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are C.sub.2 - to C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.16 -aralkyl, or together are 1,4- or 1,5-alkylene which is unsubstituted or substituted one to four times by C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl,which formamides boil 30.degree. to 150.degree. C. lower than the tertiary amine of the general formula III ##STR3## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the abovementioned meanings, contained in the formate I.
摘要翻译：通式I（*化学结构*）（I）的季铵盐的热裂解制备甲酸的方法，其中R 1，R 2和R 3是C 1〜C 14烷基，C 3〜C 8环烷基，芳基或 C7-至C16-芳烷基，或一起为未取代或被C1至C4-烷基取代1-4次的1,4-或1,5-亚烷基，条件是R1，季铵盐I中的R 2和R 3为7至40，包括在通式II（*化学结构*）（II）的二级甲酰胺存在下进行裂解，其中R 4和R 5为C 2至C 10 - 烷基，C 3 -C 8 - 环烷基，芳基或C 7 - 至C 16 - 芳烷基，或者一起是未被取代或被C 1〜C 4 - 烷基取代1〜4次的1,4-或1,5-亚烷基，比通式III的叔胺（*化学结构*）（III）低30〜150℃，其中R1，R2和R3具有上述含义，含有i 在甲板上

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