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11. 发明授权

US4179346A Selective use of wettable and non-wettable graphite electrodes in electrolysis cells 失效
标题翻译：在电解槽中选择性使用可湿润和不可润湿的石墨电极
公开(公告)号：US4179346A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US15303
申请日：1979-02-26
申请人： Subodh K. Das , Paul J. Boget
发明人： Subodh K. Das , Paul J. Boget
IPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/12
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/125
摘要： Metal such as aluminum is produced electrolytically from metal chlorides or other halides dissolved in a molten solvent bath of higher decomposition potential in a cell including one or more carbonaceous or graphite cathode surfaces spaced from opposed anodes, particularly a bipolar cell, with bath flow through the spaces between the anodes and cathodes. The wetting characteristics of the graphite cathode with respect to the metal deposited there by electrolysis are selectively balanced with the bath flow over the cathode and with the anode-to-cathode distance. Cathode surface wear rate is substantially reduced if the surface is wettable by the metal in regions of low bath flow velocity or regions of greater anode-cathode distance. The wear rate is also reduced by using a non-wettable cathode surface in regions of higher bath flow velocity or regions of closer anode-cathode distance.
摘要翻译：诸如铝的金属是由金属氯化物或其它卤化物电解制成的，该金属氯化物或其它卤化物溶解在包含一个或多个与相对的阳极特别是双极电池间隔开的碳质或石墨阴极表面的电池中，具有较高分解电位的熔融溶液浴，阳极和阴极之间的空间。石墨阴极相对于通过电解沉积在其上的金属的润湿特性选择性地与阴极上的浴流以及阳极到阴极的距离平衡。如果表面在低浴流速度的区域或更大的阳极 - 阴极距离的区域中被金属润湿，则阴极表面磨损率显着降低。通过在更高的浴流速度的区域或更接近阳极 - 阴极距离的区域中使用不可润湿的阴极表面，磨损率也降低。

12. 发明授权

US4179345A Controlled wettability graphite electrodes for selective use in electrolysis cells 失效
标题翻译：控制润湿性石墨电极用于电解池中的选择性使用
公开(公告)号：US4179345A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US15302
申请日：1979-02-26
申请人： Subodh K. Das
发明人： Subodh K. Das
IPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/12 , C25B11/12
CPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C25C3/06 , C25C3/125
摘要： Metal such as aluminum is produced electrolytically from metal chlorides or other halides dissolved in a molten solvent bath of higher decomposition potential in a cell including one or more graphite cathode surfaces spaced from opposed anodes, particularly a bipolar cell, with bath flow through the spaces between the anodes and cathodes. The wetting characteristics of the carbonaceous cathode with respect to the metal deposited there by electrolysis are selectively balanced with the bath flow over the cathode and with the anode-to-cathode distance. Cathode surface wear rate is substantially reduced if the surface is wettable by the metal in regions of low bath flow velocity or regions of greater anode-cathode distance. The wear rate is also reduced by using non-wettable cathode surfaces in regions of higher bath flow velocity or regions of closer anode-cathode distance. Conditions of graphite manufacture, including raw material selection and graphitization temperature, are specified to achieve controlled wettability of graphite electrodes to enable the selective production of either condition for the particular cell operation involved.
摘要翻译：诸如铝的金属是由金属氯化物或其它卤化物电解产生的，该金属氯化物或其它卤化物溶解在包含一个或多个与相对阳极特别是双极电池间隔开的石墨阴极表面的电解池中，其具有较高分解电位的熔融溶剂浴，阳极和阴极。碳阴极相对于通过电解沉积在其上的金属的润湿特性选择性地与阴极上的浴流以及阳极到阴极的距离平衡。如果表面在低浴流速度的区域或更大的阳极 - 阴极距离的区域中被金属润湿，则阴极表面磨损率显着降低。在较高浴流速度的区域中或更接近阳极 - 阴极距离的区域中，通过使用不可润湿的阴极表面，磨损率也降低。规定石墨制造的条件，包括原料选择和石墨化温度，以实现石墨电极的受控润湿性，以便选择性地生产涉及的特定电池操作的任一条件。

13. 发明授权

US4115215A Aluminum purification 失效
标题翻译：铝净化
公开(公告)号：US4115215A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-19
申请号：US771100
申请日：1977-02-23
申请人： Subodh K. Das , C. Norman Cochran , Richard A. Milito , Robert M. Mazgaj , Walter W. Hill
发明人： Subodh K. Das , C. Norman Cochran , Richard A. Milito , Robert M. Mazgaj , Walter W. Hill
IPC分类号： C25C3/24 , C25C3/06
CPC分类号： C25C3/24
摘要： A process for purifying aluminum alloys comprises providing molten aluminum alloy in a container having a porous wall therein capable of containing molten aluminum in the container and being permeable by the molten electrolyte. Aluminum is electrolytically transported through the porous wall to a cathode thereby substantially separating the aluminum from alloying constituents.
摘要翻译：一种净化铝合金的方法包括在其中具有多孔壁的容器中提供熔融铝合金，该多孔壁能够在容器中容纳熔融铝并且可被熔融电解质渗透。铝通过多孔壁电解输送到阴极，从而将铝与合金成分基本上分离。

14. 发明申请

US20130220823A1 PRODUCTION OF SPECIALTY ALUMINUM ALLOYS USING PARTITION OF FEED IMPURITIES 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用分割饲料生产特种铝合金
公开(公告)号：US20130220823A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-29
申请号：US13595589
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Gyan Jha , Frank R. Cannova , Subodh K. Das , Barry A. Sadler
发明人： Gyan Jha , Frank R. Cannova , Subodh K. Das , Barry A. Sadler
IPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/26
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C22C21/00 , C22C21/06 , C25C3/26 , C25C3/36 , Y10T29/49991
摘要： A series of inventions leading to the production of specific aluminum alloys (especially aluminum beverage can sheet product) through novel approach of introducing, selectively partitioning and managing alloying elements. This invention also enables manufacturing practices to enhance the performance characteristics of aluminum alloys produced. The selected elements can be derived from carbon anodes made from calcined petroleum coke with high metallic contents (such as nickel and vanadium). Alloying elements can also be introduced and managed from other raw material such as alumina and bath constituents added during aluminum smelting process. Additionally, cell operating parameters, such as cell temperature, off gas flow rate, aluminum tapping rate and impurity partition characteristics can also be manipulated to produce low cost aluminum alloys and facilitate utilization of high metallic content calcined petroleum coke.
摘要翻译：一系列通过引入，选择性分配和管理合金元素的新方法生产特定铝合金（特别是铝饮料罐板产品）的发明。本发明还使制造实践能够增强所生产的铝合金的性能特征。所选择的元素可以衍生自具有高金属含量（例如镍和钒）的煅烧石油焦炭制成的碳阳极。合金元素也可以在铝冶炼过程中添加的其他原料如氧化铝和浴组分引入和管理。此外，还可以操纵诸如电池温度，废气流量，铝出钢速率和杂质分配特性的电池操作参数以产生低成本的铝合金并促进高金属含量煅烧石油焦炭的利用。

15. 发明授权

US4459274A Chlorination using partially calcined carbonaceous material as a reductant 失效
标题翻译：使用部分煅烧碳质材料作为还原剂进行氯化
公开(公告)号：US4459274A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-10
申请号：US436676
申请日：1982-10-25
申请人： Raouf O. Loutfy , James C. Withers , Subodh K. Das , Samuel S. Jones
发明人： Raouf O. Loutfy , James C. Withers , Subodh K. Das , Samuel S. Jones
IPC分类号： C01F7/60 , C01G1/06
CPC分类号： C01F7/60 , C01G1/06
摘要： An improved solid carbon reductant comprising partially calcined carbonaceous materials such as petroleum coke, containing relatively low amounts of residual hydrocarbons and a relatively high surface area and thus increased activity as compared to known reductants is provided. This improved reductant is produced by a method comprising heating the carbonaceous material in an oxidizing atmosphere to a temperature of from about 650.degree. C. to about 950.degree. C., preferably from about 800.degree. C. to about 875.degree. C., and most preferably at a temperature about 850.degree. C. In addition, according to the present invention improved chlorination processes are provided using these reductants which result in reduced levels of chlorinated hydrocarbon (C.sub.x Cl.sub.y) production due to reduced residual hydrocarbons. In a preferred embodiment anhydrous aluminum chloride is produced by chlorination of aluminum hexahydrate using the improved reductant.
摘要翻译：提供了一种改进的固体碳还原剂，其包括部分煅烧的碳质材料如石油焦炭，其含有相对低量的残余烃和相对较高的表面积，因此与已知的还原剂相比增加了活性。该改进的还原剂通过以下方法制备：将氧化气氛中的碳质材料加热到约650℃至约950℃，优选约800℃至约875℃的温度，优选在约850℃的温度下进行。此外，根据本发明，使用这些还原剂提供改进的氯化方法，这导致由于减少的残余烃而导致的氯化烃（C x Cly）生产水平降低。在优选的实施方案中，使用改进的还原剂，通过氯化六水合铝来制备无水氯化铝。

16. 发明授权

US4308115A Method of producing aluminum using graphite cathode coated with refractory hard metal 失效
$Method of producing aluminum using graphite cathode coated with refractory hard metal$
标题翻译：使用耐火硬金属涂覆的石墨阴极生产铝的方法
公开(公告)号：US4308115A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-29
申请号：US178546
申请日：1980-08-15
申请人： Perry A. Foster, Jr. , Subodh K. Das , Aaron J. Becker
发明人： Perry A. Foster, Jr. , Subodh K. Das , Aaron J. Becker
IPC分类号： C04B35/52 , C04B41/50 , C04B41/87 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/00 , C25C3/06 , C25C7/02
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B35/52 , C04B41/507 , C04B41/87 , C25C3/08
摘要： A metal such as aluminum is produced by electrolysis of a compound of the metal in a solvent such as a molten salt. Electrolysis is carried out by passing a current from an anode to a cathode between which the solvent bath is situated. The cathode or cathode member is composed of a graphite substrate coated with a refractory hard metal such as titanium diboride. The coating adhesion of the TiB.sub.2 is improved through control of the manufacture and structure of the graphite substrate to favor a higher coefficient of thermal expansion and to have the density of the graphite fall within a range of 1.6 to 1.85 grams per cubic centimeter. The steps in producing the graphite may include working it so as to provide a grain direction. One embodiment includes aligning the refractory hard metal coated graphite in the electrolytic cell with the graphite grain direction parallel to the direction of current flow from anode to cathode. The refractory hard metal coating can be imparted by chemical vapor deposition and should exhibit a dense columnar structure which reduces penetration of the coating by molten aluminum.
摘要翻译：通过在诸如熔融盐的溶剂中电解金属化合物来制造铝等金属。电解是通过将电流从阳极传递到溶剂浴所在的阴极之间进行的。阴极或阴极构件由涂覆有难熔硬质金属如二硼化钛的石墨基材组成。通过控制石墨基材的制造和结构来改善TiB 2的涂层粘附性，以有利于较高的热膨胀系数，并使石墨的密度落在1.6至1.85克/立方厘米的范围内。制造石墨的步骤可以包括加工以提供晶粒方向。一个实施例包括将电解槽中的难熔硬金属涂覆的石墨与平行于从阳极到阴极的电流方向的石墨晶粒方向对准。耐火硬金属涂层可以通过化学气相沉积赋予，并且应该呈现致密的柱状结构，其减少熔融铝渗透涂层。

17. 发明授权

US4308113A Process for producing aluminum using graphite electrodes having reduced wear rates 失效
标题翻译：使用具有降低的磨损率的石墨电极生产铝的方法
公开(公告)号：US4308113A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-29
申请号：US170637
申请日：1980-07-21
申请人： Subodh K. Das
发明人： Subodh K. Das
IPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C25C7/02 , C25C3/06
CPC分类号： C25C7/025 , C25C3/08
摘要： In the production of a metal such as aluminum by electrolysis of an electrolyte bath containing a compound of the metal dissolved therein to produce the metal at a graphite cathode surface, the wear rate of the graphite cathode surface is significantly reduced by incorporating therein selected amounts of certain compounds of aluminum or titanium, especially Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2. The improvement is particularly suited to the production of aluminum from chloroaluminate electrolyte baths.
摘要翻译：在通过电解含有溶解在其中的金属化合物的电解质浴来生产金属如铝，以在石墨阴极表面产生金属的情况下，通过将石墨阴极表面的磨损速率通过掺入某些化合物的铝或钛，特别是Al2O3和TiO2。该改进特别适用于从氯铝酸盐电解液浴中生产铝。

18. 发明授权

US4083940A Coal purification and electrode formation 失效
标题翻译：煤净化和电极形成
公开(公告)号：US4083940A
公开(公告)日：1978-04-11
申请号：US660704
申请日：1976-02-23
申请人： Subodh K. Das
发明人： Subodh K. Das
IPC分类号： C10C1/20 , C25C3/12 , H05B7/085 , C01B31/02 , C09C1/48 , C09C1/56 , C10G29/04
CPC分类号： H05B7/085 , C10C1/20 , C25C3/125
摘要： A process for purification of coal comprises forming an aqueous leaching solution containing nitric and hydrofluric acid. Impurities are removed by contacting coal having a mesh size not greater than 8 (Tyler Series) with the leaching solution for a period of 15 to 120 minutes at a temperature of 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. During the contacting of coal with leaching solution, a gaseous material such as air can be bubbled therethrough to provide additional mixing action and oxidant material. Thereafter, the solution is removed and the leached coal washed with water.
摘要翻译：一种纯化煤的方法包括形成含有硝酸和氢氟酸的含水浸出溶液。通过使筛网尺寸不大于8（泰勒系列）的煤与浸出溶液在20〜100℃的温度下接触15〜120分钟，去除杂质。在煤与浸出液接触期间，诸如空气的气体材料可以被鼓泡通过，以提供额外的混合作用和氧化剂材料。之后，除去溶液，用水洗涤沥滤煤。

19. 发明授权

US08992661B2 Production of specialty aluminum alloys using partition of feed impurities 有权
公开(公告)号：US08992661B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-31
申请号：US13595589
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Gyan Jha , Frank R. Cannova , Subodh K. Das , Barry A. Sadler
发明人： Gyan Jha , Frank R. Cannova , Subodh K. Das , Barry A. Sadler
IPC分类号： C22C21/06 , C25C3/06 , C22C21/00 , C25C3/36 , C25C3/26
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C22C21/00 , C22C21/06 , C25C3/26 , C25C3/36 , Y10T29/49991
摘要： A series of inventions leading to the production of specific aluminum alloys (especially aluminum beverage can sheet product) through novel approach of introducing, selectively partitioning and managing alloying elements. This invention also enables manufacturing practices to enhance the performance characteristics of aluminum alloys produced. The selected elements can be derived from carbon anodes made from calcined petroleum coke with high metallic contents (such as nickel and vanadium). Alloying elements can also be introduced and managed from other raw material such as alumina and bath constituents added during aluminum smelting process. Additionally, cell operating parameters, such as cell temperature, off gas flow rate, aluminum tapping rate and impurity partition characteristics can also be manipulated to produce low cost aluminum alloys and facilitate utilization of high metallic content calcined petroleum coke.

20. 发明申请

US20090028746A1 Production of specialty aluminum alloys using partition of feed impurities 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用分配饲料杂质生产特种铝合金
公开(公告)号：US20090028746A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-29
申请号：US12220041
申请日：2008-07-21
申请人： Gyan Jha , Frank R. Cannova , Subodh K. Das , Barry A. Sadler
发明人： Gyan Jha , Frank R. Cannova , Subodh K. Das , Barry A. Sadler
IPC分类号： C22C21/06 , C25C3/36 , C22C21/00 , B21B1/46 , C25C3/06
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C22C21/00 , C22C21/06 , C25C3/26 , C25C3/36 , Y10T29/49991
摘要： A series of inventions leading to the production of specific aluminum alloys (especially aluminum beverage can sheet product) through novel approach of introducing, selectively partitioning and managing alloying elements. This invention also enables manufacturing practices to enhance the performance characteristics of aluminum alloys produced. The selected elements can be derived from carbon anodes made from calcined petroleum coke with high metallic contents (such as nickel and vanadium). Alloying elements can also be introduced and managed from other raw material such as alumina and bath constituents added during aluminum smelting process. Additionally, cell operating parameters, such as cell temperature, off gas flow rate, aluminum tapping rate and impurity partition characteristics can also be manipulated to produce low cost aluminum alloys and facilitate utilization of high metallic content calcined petroleum coke.
摘要翻译：一系列通过引入，选择性分配和管理合金元素的新方法生产特定铝合金（特别是铝饮料罐板产品）的发明。本发明还使制造实践能够增强所生产的铝合金的性能特征。所选择的元素可以衍生自具有高金属含量（例如镍和钒）的煅烧石油焦炭制成的碳阳极。合金元素也可以在铝冶炼过程中添加的其他原料如氧化铝和浴组分引入和管理。此外，还可以操纵诸如电池温度，废气流量，铝出钢速率和杂质分配特性的电池操作参数以产生低成本的铝合金并促进高金属含量煅烧石油焦炭的利用。

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