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11. 发明授权

US07274877B1 Optical/radio local access network 有权
标题翻译：光/无线本地接入网
公开(公告)号：US07274877B1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-25
申请号：US11215903
申请日：2005-08-31
申请人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Lih-Yuan Lin , Robert R. Miller
发明人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Lih-Yuan Lin , Robert R. Miller
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/1125
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link, the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
摘要翻译：通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括到相应用户的多个邻居链路，耦合到多个邻居链路的光学交换机以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括通过监视第一链路中的信道损耗来检测接收到的信号故障的存在，所述接收信号由雨和雾中的至少一个导致。所述方法还包括当所感测到的接收到的信号故障是由于雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时发送数据在第一链路的自由空间光信道中，并且当所感测的接收信号故障是由于雾而发送的。

12. 发明授权

US07095957B1 Optical/radio local access network 有权
标题翻译：光/无线本地接入网
公开(公告)号：US07095957B1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US10933134
申请日：2004-09-02
申请人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Lih-Yuan Lin , Robert R. Miller
发明人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Lih-Yuan Lin , Robert R. Miller
IPC分类号： H04J14/00 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04B10/0795 , H04B10/1123 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path couples to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links to corresponding users, an optical switch coupled to the plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure by monitoring channel losses in a first link, the received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to fog.
摘要翻译：通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括到相应用户的多个邻居链路，耦合到多个邻居链路的光学交换机以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括通过监视第一链路中的信道损耗来检测接收到的信号故障的存在，所述接收信号由雨和雾中的至少一个导致。所述方法还包括当所感测到的接收到的信号故障是由于雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时发送数据在第一链路的自由空间光信道中，并且当所感测的接收信号故障是由于雾而发送的。

13. 发明授权

US06983109B1 Metropolitan networks based on fiber and free space access distribution method 失效
标题翻译：基于光纤和自由空间接入分配方式的城域网
公开(公告)号：US06983109B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-03
申请号：US09981240
申请日：2001-10-18
申请人： David M. Britz , Matthew J. Sherman , Jeevan P. Dodley
发明人： David M. Britz , Matthew J. Sherman , Jeevan P. Dodley
IPC分类号： H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0228 , H04J14/0241 , H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0284 , H04J14/0286 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0026
摘要： A method for facilitating wavelength-specific and packet-switched routing comprises the steps of demultiplexing wavelengths propagating on a primary metropolitan fiber ring, determining a destination address for the wavelength, accessing a look-up table, determining if the destination address matches a local address contained in the look-up table and switching the wavelength based on a result of the determining step. A method for providing local metropolitan switching and routing and broadband local access distribution described in terms of the functions of the layers comprises the steps of interfacing with a primary fiber metropolitan ring and a local customer primary distribution/aggregation node via transport bran ches of a mesh architecture, routing specific wavelengths and newly assigned wavelengths to and from a customer's premises and handling customer specific wavelength and packet routing via one of fiber, millimeter wave radio and free space optical communications.
摘要翻译：用于促进波长特定和分组交换路由的方法包括以下步骤：解复用在主要大都市光纤环上传播的波长，确定波长的目的地地址，访问查找表，确定目的地址是否匹配本地地址包含在查找表中并且基于确定步骤的结果来切换波长。根据层的功能提供本地大都市交换和路由以及宽带本地访问分配的方法包括以下步骤：通过网格的传输层与主要的大都市环和本地客户主分配/汇聚节点进行接口架构，将特定波长和新分配的波长路由到客户的场所，并通过光纤，毫米波无线电和自由空间光通信中的一个处理客户特定的波长和分组路由。

14. 发明授权

US06856741B2 Free space duplexed optical communication with transmitter end multiplexing and receiver end amplification 有权
标题翻译：自由空间双工光通信与发射机端复用和接收端端放大
公开(公告)号：US06856741B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-15
申请号：US10833851
申请日：2004-04-28
申请人： David M. Britz
发明人： David M. Britz
IPC分类号： G02B6/32 , G02B6/34 , H04B10/10 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/36
CPC分类号： G02B6/2938 , G02B6/32 , H04B10/1125
摘要： A free space wavelength duplexed system includes first and second terminals. The first terminal includes an optical transmitter and an optical receiver. The optical receiver has a telescope, an optical to electrical converter and an optical amplifier coupled between the telescope and the optical to electrical converter. A method includes the steps of receiving a received optical signal through a telescope, diverting the received optical signal in an optical splitter into an optical amplifier, and transmitting a transmit optical signal through the optical splitter to the telescope. Another method includes the steps of receiving plural received optical signals through a telescope, diverting the plural received optical signals in an optical splitter into an optical amplifier, separating the plural amplified optical signals by wavelength, and transmitting plural transmit optical signals at distinct wavelengths through the optical splitter to the telescope.
摘要翻译：自由空间波长双工系统包括第一和第二终端。第一终端包括光发射机和光接收机。光接收器具有望远镜，光电转换器和耦合在望远镜与光电转换器之间的光放大器。一种方法包括以下步骤：通过望远镜接收接收到的光信号，将接收到的光分路器中的光信号转换成光放大器，并将发射光信号通过光分路器发射到望远镜。另一种方法包括以下步骤：通过望远镜接收多个接收到的光信号，将光分路器中的多个接收光信号转换成光放大器，通过波长分离多个放大的光信号，并通过该波长透过不同波长的多个发射光信号光分路器到望远镜。

15. 发明授权

US06735356B2 Free space duplexed optical communication with transmitter end multiplexing and receiver and amplification 失效
标题翻译：自由空间双工光通信与发射机端复用和接收和放大
公开(公告)号：US06735356B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US09849342
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley
发明人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G02B6/2938 , G02B6/32 , H04B10/1125
摘要： A free space wavelength duplexed system includes a first and second terminals where each terminal includes a receiver part and a transmitter part, and the receiver includes a telescope, and optical-to-electrical converter, and an optical amplifier coupled between the telescope and the optical-to-electrical converter.
摘要翻译：自由空间波长双工系统包括第一和第二端子，其中每个端子包括接收器部分和发射器部分，并且接收器包括望远镜和光电转换器以及耦合在望远镜和光学器件之间的光放大器电转换器。

16. 发明授权

US06731878B1 Free space optical communication link with diversity 有权
标题翻译：自由空间光通信链路具有多样性
公开(公告)号：US06731878B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09640576
申请日：2000-08-17
申请人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Robert R. Miller
发明人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Robert R. Miller
IPC分类号： H04J1402
CPC分类号： H04B10/1121 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02
摘要： A free space communication system includes first and second terminals, and the first terminal includes a transmitter to transmit an input signal. The transmitter has plural laser sources, at least one optical delay line and a telescope. Each laser source modulates the input signal onto a wavelength that is distinct from a wavelength of each other laser source. The plural laser sources include a first laser source and at least one other laser source, and the at least one optical delay line is coupled to a respective output of the at least one other laser source. The telescope projects an output of the first laser source and an output of each of the at least one optical delay line toward the second terminal. Alternatively, a free space communication system includes first and second terminals, and the first terminal includes a transmitter to transmit an input signal. The transmitter has at least one electrical delay line, plural laser sources and a telescope. The at least one electrical delay line delays the input signal. The plural laser sources include a first laser source and at least one other laser source, the first laser source modulates the input signal onto a first wavelength, and each of the at least one other laser source modulates an output of a corresponding electrical delay line onto a wavelength that is distinct from the first wavelength. The telescope projects an output of each of the plural laser sources toward the second terminal.
摘要翻译：自由空间通信系统包括第一和第二终端，并且第一终端包括用于发送输入信号的发射机。发射机具有多个激光源，至少一个光学延迟线和望远镜。每个激光源将输入信号调制成与每个其它激光源的波长不同的波长。所述多个激光源包括第一激光源和至少一个其它激光源，并且所述至少一个光学延迟线耦合到所述至少一个其它激光源的相应输出。望远镜将第一激光源的输出和至少一个光延迟线中的每一个的输出朝向第二端投影。或者，自由空间通信系统包括第一和第二终端，并且第一终端包括用于发送输入信号的发射机。发射机具有至少一个电延迟线，多个激光源和望远镜。至少一个电延迟线延迟输入信号。所述多个激光源包括第一激光源和至少一个其它激光源，所述第一激光源将所述输入信号调制到第一波长上，并且所述至少一个其它激光源中的每一个将相应的电延迟线的输出调制到与第一波长不同的波长。望远镜将多个激光源中的每一个的输出朝向第二终端投影。

17. 发明授权

US08368552B2 Manhole security device and methods thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US08368552B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-05
申请号：US12645023
申请日：2009-12-22
申请人： Robert R. Miller, II , Edward G. Amoroso , Susan R. Bailey , Lusheng Ji , Harry R. Worstell , David M. Britz
发明人： Robert R. Miller, II , Edward G. Amoroso , Susan R. Bailey , Lusheng Ji , Harry R. Worstell , David M. Britz
IPC分类号： G08B21/00 , E02D29/14
CPC分类号： G08B13/1672 , E02D29/14 , E02D29/1481 , G08B13/19697
摘要： A security device for detecting the position of a manhole cover includes a pinger device, such as an acoustic pinger, that transmits a signal in the direction of the expected position of the manhole cover. The device takes energy samples to determine if the signal has been reflected back by the manhole cover. If the device determines the signal has not been reflected, it determines that the manhole cover has been moved from the expected position. In response, the device captures an image of an area around the expected position of the manhole cover. In addition, the device can notify a remote security station via a network that the manhole cover has been moved.

18. 发明授权

US07848517B2 Secure open-air communication system utilizing multi-channel decoyed transmission 有权
标题翻译：利用多渠道诱捕传输的安全露天通信系统
公开(公告)号：US07848517B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-07
申请号：US11082515
申请日：2005-03-16
申请人： David M. Britz , Robert Raymond Miller, II , Nemmara K. Shankaranarayanan
发明人： David M. Britz , Robert Raymond Miller, II , Nemmara K. Shankaranarayanan
IPC分类号： H04K1/10
CPC分类号： H04B10/85 , H04B10/11 , H04K1/003 , H04K1/02 , H04K1/10 , H04L63/0428 , H04L2209/80 , H04Q11/0003
摘要： A secure, open-air communication system utilizes a plurality of “decoy” data signals to hide one or more true data signals. The true data signal(s) are channel hopped with the plurality of decoy data signals to form a multi-channel “scrambled” output signal that is thereafter transmitted in an open-air communication system. The greater the number of decoy signals, the greater the security provided to the open-air system. Further security may be provided by encrypting both the true and decoy signals prior to scrambling and/or by utilizing a spatially diverse set of transmitters and receivers. Without the knowledge of the channel assignment(s) for the true signal(s), an eavesdropper may be able to intercept (and, with time, perhaps descramble) the open-air transmitted signals, will not be able to distinguish the true data from the decoys without also knowing the channel assignment(s).
摘要翻译：安全的露天通信系统利用多个“诱饵”数据信号来隐藏一个或多个真实数据信号。真数据信号与多个诱饵数据信号进行信道跳频，以形成随后在露天通信系统中发送的多信道“加扰”输出信号。诱饵信号的数量越多，对露天系统的安全性就越大。可以通过在加扰之前加密真实信号和诱饵信号和/或通过利用空间不同的发射器和接收器组来提供进一步的安全性。窃听者无需知道真实信号的信道分配，就可以拦截（并且随着时间的推移，或许解扰）露天传输的信号，将无法区分真实数据从诱饵而不知道频道分配。

19. 发明授权

US07565081B1 Optical/radio local access network 有权
标题翻译：光/无线本地接入网
公开(公告)号：US07565081B1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US11894928
申请日：2007-08-22
申请人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Lih-Yuan Lin , Robert R. Miller
发明人： David M. Britz , Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Lih-Yuan Lin , Robert R. Miller
IPC分类号： H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04B10/0795 , H04B10/1123 , H04B10/1125 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： A communication system includes a plurality of nodes and a plurality of point-to-point links that interconnect the plurality of nodes into a network. Each node includes an optical switch to controllably route a plurality of in-ports of the optical switch into a plurality of out-ports of the optical switch. Each point-to-point link includes a free space optical channel. A first free space optical channel couples to a first node through a receive path and through a transmit path. The receive path couples to a respective in-port of the optical switch of the first node, and the transmit path coupled to a respective out-port of the optical switch of the first node. In an alternative embodiment, a communication hub includes a plurality of neighborhood links, and a trunk coupled between the optical switch and a free space optical channel link to the network. A method of communicating in a network having plural links includes sensing the presence of a received signal failure resulting from at least one of rain and fog. The method further includes sending data in a free space optical channel of the first link when the received signal failure sensed is due to rain and sending the data in an RF channel of the first link when the received signal failure is due to fog.
摘要翻译：通信系统包括将多个节点互连到网络中的多个节点和多个点对点链路。每个节点包括光开关，用于将光开关的多个入口可控地路由到光开关的多个输出端口中。每个点对点链路包括自由空间光通道。第一自由空间光信道通过接收路径并通过发送路径耦合到第一节点。接收路径耦合到第一节点的光交换机的相应入口，并且发送路径耦合到第一节点的光开关的相应输出端口。在替代实施例中，通信集线器包括多个邻域链路，以及耦合在光学交换机和到网络的自由空间光信道链路之间的中继。在具有多个链路的网络中进行通信的方法包括：检测由雨和雾中的至少一个导致的接收信号故障的存在。该方法进一步包括当接收到的信号故障由于下雨而在第一链路的RF信道中发送数据时，在接收到的信号失效是由于雾时，在第一链路的自由空间光信道中发送数据。

20. 发明授权

US07280757B1 Metropolitan networks based on fiber and free space access distribution system 失效
标题翻译：基于光纤和自由空间接入分配系统的城域网
公开(公告)号：US07280757B1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-09
申请号：US11216820
申请日：2005-08-31
申请人： David M. Britz , Matthew J. Sherman , Jeevan P. Dodley
发明人： David M. Britz , Matthew J. Sherman , Jeevan P. Dodley
IPC分类号： H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0228 , H04J14/0241 , H04J14/0284 , H04J14/0286 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0073 , H04W40/02
摘要： An architecture for facilitating wavelength-specific and packet-switched routing comprises a primary metropolitan fiber ring, a primary distribution/aggregation node in the primary metropolitan fiber ring and a local service domain further comprising a secondary aggregation node in communication with the primary distribution/aggregation node. A network to provide local metropolitan switching and routing and broadband local access distribution described in terms of its component layers comprises a distribution/aggregation routing layer that interfaces with a primary fiber metropolitan ring and a local customer primary distribution/aggregation node via transport branches of a mesh architecture, a local distribution and routing layer that routes specific wavelengths and newly assigned wavelengths to and from a customer's premises and a cross-connect layer that handles customer specific wavelength and packet routing via one of fiber, millimeter wave radio and free space optical communications.
摘要翻译：用于促进波长特定和分组交换路由的架构包括主要城域光纤环，主城域光纤环中的主要分布/聚合节点和还包括与主要分布/聚合通信的辅助聚合节点的本地服务域节点。提供本地大都市交换和路由以及其组件层描述的宽带本地访问分配的网络包括分布/聚合路由层，其通过传输分支与主要光纤城域环和本地客户主分布/聚合节点进行接口网格架构，本地分布和路由层，其将特定波长和新分配的波长路由到客户的场所，以及交叉连接层，其通过光纤，毫米波无线电和自由空间光通信中的一个处理客户特定的波长和分组路由。

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