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11. 发明授权

US06904273B2 Method and system for automatic gain control in a satellite communications system 有权
标题翻译：卫星通信系统中自动增益控制的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06904273B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-07
申请号：US10043668
申请日：2002-01-10
申请人： J. Mark Steber , Richard Clewer , Kumud Patel , Bala Subramaniam
发明人： J. Mark Steber , Richard Clewer , Kumud Patel , Bala Subramaniam
IPC分类号： H03G3/30 , H04B1/06
CPC分类号： H03G3/3052
摘要： An apparatus for providing automatic gain control for use in a satellite terminal of a satellite communication system capable of transmitting a plurality of different modes of data. The apparatus includes a demodulator circuit having an analog to digital converter; a first variable attenuator having an attenuation value set on the basis of a measured power level of a predetermined data signal; and a second variable attenuator having an attenuation value set on the basis of the mode of data being received by the satellite terminal, where each of the data modes have a corresponding predetermined attenuation value associated therewith which is utilized as the attenuation value of the second variable attenuator when the satellite terminal receives the data mode.
摘要翻译：一种用于提供自动增益控制的装置，用于能够发送多种不同数据模式的卫星通信系统的卫星终端。该装置包括具有模数转换器的解调器电路; 第一可变衰减器，其具有基于预定数据信号的测量功率电平设置的衰减值; 以及第二可变衰减器，其具有基于由卫星终端接收的数据模式设置的衰减值，其中每个数据模式具有与其相关联的相应的预定衰减值，其被用作第二变量的衰减值卫星终端接收数据模式时的衰减器。

12. 发明授权

US08921486B2 Polymer-supported transition metal catalyst complexes and methods of use 有权
标题翻译：聚合物负载的过渡金属催化剂配合物和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US08921486B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-30
申请号：US13128990
申请日：2009-11-16
申请人： Jon Tunge , Bala Subramaniam , Jing Fang , Ranjan Jana
发明人： Jon Tunge , Bala Subramaniam , Jing Fang , Ranjan Jana
IPC分类号： C08K5/07 , B01J31/16 , B01J31/18 , B01J31/24
CPC分类号： B01J31/1658 , B01J31/1683 , B01J31/185 , B01J31/2404 , B01J31/4053 , B01J31/4061 , B01J2231/321 , B01J2231/344 , B01J2231/348 , B01J2531/0238 , B01J2531/0266 , B01J2531/0288 , B01J2531/822 , C07C45/50 , C07C45/78 , Y02P20/584 , C07C47/02
摘要： A catalyst composition comprising a polymer functionalized with a ligand for binding a transition metal containing compound to form a transition metal complex, wherein said functionalized polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 30,000 g/mol and a polydispersity index of about 1.0 to 2.0. The catalyst is used in a hydroformylation reaction, preferably one in which the liquid phase has been volumetrically expanded with a compressed gas, is readily recyclable using nanofiltration.
摘要翻译：一种催化剂组合物，其包含用用于结合含过渡金属的化合物以形成过渡金属络合物的配体官能化的聚合物，其中所述官能化聚合物的数均分子量为约5,000至30,000g / mol，多分散指数为约1.0至 2.0。催化剂用于加氢甲酰化反应，优选其中液相已经用压缩气体体积膨胀的催化剂，使用纳滤可容易地回收利用。

13. 发明授权

US08115029B2 Cobalt-catalyzed oxidations in volumetrically expanded liquids by compressed gases 有权
标题翻译：通过压缩气体在体积扩大的液体中的钴催化氧化
公开(公告)号：US08115029B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US11934612
申请日：2007-11-02
申请人： Richard S. Givens , Chi Cheng Ma , Daryle H. Busch , Bala Subramaniam , Bhuma Rajagopalan
发明人： Richard S. Givens , Chi Cheng Ma , Daryle H. Busch , Bala Subramaniam , Bhuma Rajagopalan
IPC分类号： C07C51/16
CPC分类号： C07C45/33 , C07C45/34 , C07C45/35 , C07C45/36 , C07C51/235 , C07C51/265 , C07C51/313 , C07C67/05 , C07C205/57 , C07C2601/14 , C07C49/12 , C07C49/403 , C07C49/603 , C07C49/597 , C07C47/22 , C07C49/78 , C07C63/26 , C07C63/16 , C07C63/24 , C07C59/84 , C07C55/02 , C07C55/14 , C07C59/347 , C07C69/013 , C07C69/003 , C07C69/16 , C07C69/145
摘要： Oxidations of hydrocarbons, cycloalkanes and alkenes, arylalkanes, and a variety of other organic substrates are accomplished by cobalt-N-hydroxysuccinimide co-catalyzed reactions with dioxygen under unusually mild, near ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. The improved safety of the oxidation method and the high yields of product obtained make use of a unique combination of cobalt (II) complexes with N-hydroxysuccinimide. These autoxidation reactions do not have prolonged initiation times. Many of these reactions can be safely performed under normal chemical laboratory conditions and do not require specialized equipment or reagents.
摘要翻译：碳氢化合物，环烷烃和烯烃，芳基烷烃和各种其他有机基质的氧化通过钴 - N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺与二氧化碳的共催化反应在异常温和的近环境温度和压力条件下完成。获得的产物的氧化方法的改进的安全性和高产率使得钴（II）配合物与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的独特组合。这些自氧化反应没有延长的引发时间。许多这些反应可以在正常的化学实验室条件下安全地进行，并且不需要专门的设备或试剂。

14. 发明授权

US08080677B2 Process for selective oxidation of olefins to epoxides 有权
标题翻译：将烯烃选择性氧化成环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US08080677B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-20
申请号：US12206335
申请日：2008-09-08
申请人： Bala Subramaniam , Daryle H. Busch , Hyun-Jin Lee , Madhav Ghanta , Tie-Pan Shi
发明人： Bala Subramaniam , Daryle H. Busch , Hyun-Jin Lee , Madhav Ghanta , Tie-Pan Shi
IPC分类号： C07D303/00
CPC分类号： C07D301/12 , Y02P20/582
摘要： A process for the selective oxidation of olefins to epoxides comprising the step of contacting the olefin (propylene or ethylene) with an oxidant (hydrogen peroxide) in the presence of a Lewis acid oxidation catalyst (MTO), organic base (pyridine or its N-oxide), in a solvent system comprising an organic water-miscible solvent (methanol). The system is pressurized using either the olefin itself or by adding an inert pressurizing gas (nitrogen) to increase the pressure between 230 and 700 psi at a temperature between 0.7 and 1.3 times the critical temperature of the olefin. The resulting increased solubility of the olefin in the organic solvent system increases the selectivity and yield of the desired epoxide (propylene oxide or ethylene oxide).
摘要翻译：一种将烯烃选择性氧化成环氧化物的方法，包括在路易斯酸氧化催化剂（MTO），有机碱（吡啶或其N-氧化物）存在下使烯烃（丙烯或乙烯）与氧化剂（过氧化氢）接触的步骤，氧化物），在包含有机水混溶性溶剂（甲醇）的溶剂体系中。使用烯烃本身或通过加入惰性加压气体（氮气）来加压系统，以在烯烃的临界温度的0.7至1.3倍之间的温度下增加230至700psi之间的压力。所产生的烯烃在有机溶剂体系中的溶解度增加了所需环氧化物（环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷）的选择性和产率。

15. 发明申请

US20110230620A1 Polymer-Supported Transition Metal Catalyst Complexes and Methods of Use 有权
标题翻译：聚合物支持的过渡金属催化剂配合物和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20110230620A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-22
申请号：US13128990
申请日：2009-11-16
申请人： Jon Tunge , Bala Subramaniam , Jing Fang , Ranjan Jana
发明人： Jon Tunge , Bala Subramaniam , Jing Fang , Ranjan Jana
IPC分类号： C08L25/06 , C08F112/08
CPC分类号： B01J31/1658 , B01J31/1683 , B01J31/185 , B01J31/2404 , B01J31/4053 , B01J31/4061 , B01J2231/321 , B01J2231/344 , B01J2231/348 , B01J2531/0238 , B01J2531/0266 , B01J2531/0288 , B01J2531/822 , C07C45/50 , C07C45/78 , Y02P20/584 , C07C47/02
摘要： A catalyst composition comprising a polymer functionalized with a ligand for binding a transition metal containing compound to form a transition metal complex, wherein said functionalized polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 30,000 g/mol and a polydispersity index of about 1.0 to 2.0. The catalyst is used in a hydroformylation reaction, preferably one in which the liquid phase has been volumetrically expanded with a compressed gas, is readily recyclable using nanofiltration.
摘要翻译：一种催化剂组合物，其包含用用于结合含过渡金属的化合物以形成过渡金属络合物的配体官能化的聚合物，其中所述官能化聚合物的数均分子量为约5,000至30,000g / mol，多分散指数为约1.0至 2.0。催化剂用于加氢甲酰化反应，优选其中液相已经用压缩气体体积膨胀的催化剂，使用纳滤可容易地回收利用。

16. 发明授权

US07649101B2 Process for selective oxidation of olefins to epoxides 有权
标题翻译：将烯烃选择性氧化成环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US07649101B2
公开(公告)日：2010-01-19
申请号：US11586061
申请日：2006-10-25
申请人： Daryle H. Busch , Bala Subramaniam , Hyun-Jin Lee , Tie-Pan Shi
发明人： Daryle H. Busch , Bala Subramaniam , Hyun-Jin Lee , Tie-Pan Shi
IPC分类号： C07D301/12
CPC分类号： C07D301/12 , Y02P20/582
摘要： A process for the selective oxidation of olefins to epoxides comprising the step of contacting the olefin (propylene) with an oxidant (hydrogen peroxide) in the presence of a Lewis acid oxidation catalyst (MTO), organic base (pyridine or its N-oxide), in a solvent system comprising an organic water-miscible solvent (methanol); and adding a pressurizing gas (nitrogen) to increase the pressure, whereby olefin is further dissolved in organic solvent system to increase the selectivity and yield of the desired epoxide (propylene oxide).
摘要翻译：一种将烯烃选择性氧化成环氧化物的方法，包括在路易斯酸氧化催化剂（MTO），有机碱（吡啶或其N-氧化物）存在下使烯烃（丙烯）与氧化剂（过氧化氢）接触的步骤，，在包含有机水混溶性溶剂（甲醇）的溶剂体系中; 并加入加压气体（氮气）以增加压力，从而使烯烃进一步溶解在有机溶剂体系中以提高所需环氧化物（环氧丙烷）的选择性和产率。

17. 发明申请

US20090131693A1 Process for Selective Oxidation of Olefins to Epoxides 有权
标题翻译：烯烃选择性氧化成环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090131693A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-21
申请号：US12206335
申请日：2008-09-08
申请人： Daryle H. Busch , Bala Subramaniam , Hyun-Jin Lee , Tie-Pan Shi
发明人： Daryle H. Busch , Bala Subramaniam , Hyun-Jin Lee , Tie-Pan Shi
IPC分类号： C07D301/03 , C07D301/12 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C07D301/12 , Y02P20/582
摘要： A process for the selective oxidation of olefins to epoxides comprising the step of contacting the olefin (propylene or ethylene) with an oxidant (hydrogen peroxide) in the presence of a Lewis acid oxidation catalyst (MTO), organic base (pyridine or its N-oxide), in a solvent system comprising an organic water-miscible solvent (methanol). The system is pressurized using either the olefin itself or by adding an inert pressurizing gas (nitrogen) to increase the pressure between 230 and 700 psi at a temperature between 0.7 and 1.3 times the critical temperature of the olefin. The resulting increased solubility of the olefin in the organic solvent system increases the selectivity and yield of the desired epoxide (propylene oxide or ethylene oxide).
摘要翻译：一种将烯烃选择性氧化成环氧化物的方法，包括在路易斯酸氧化催化剂（MTO），有机碱（吡啶或其N-氧化物）存在下使烯烃（丙烯或乙烯）与氧化剂（过氧化氢）接触的步骤，氧化物），在包含有机水混溶性溶剂（甲醇）的溶剂体系中。使用烯烃本身或通过加入惰性加压气体（氮气）来加压系统，以在烯烃的临界温度的0.7至1.3倍之间的温度下增加230至700psi之间的压力。所产生的烯烃在有机溶剂体系中的溶解度增加了所需环氧化物（环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷）的选择性和产率。

18. 发明授权

US06448454B1 Catalytic oxidation of organic substrates by transition metal complexes in organic solvent media expanded by supercritical or subcritical carbon dioxide 有权
标题翻译：通过过渡金属配合物在有机溶剂介质中通过超临界或亚临界二氧化碳膨胀来催化氧化有机底物
公开(公告)号：US06448454B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09545214
申请日：2000-04-07
申请人： Bala Subramaniam , Daryle H. Busch , Ghezai T. Musie , Ming Wei
发明人： Bala Subramaniam , Daryle H. Busch , Ghezai T. Musie , Ming Wei
IPC分类号： C07C3700
CPC分类号： C07D303/04 , C07B41/00 , C07C27/12 , C07C29/50 , C07C45/34 , C07C46/08 , C07C2601/14 , C07C2601/16 , C07D301/06 , Y02P20/544 , C07C49/713 , C07C49/603 , C07C35/14 , C07C35/18
摘要： Improved oxidation methods are provided wherein a reaction mixture comprising a substrate to be oxidized (e.g., phenols, alkenes) and an oxidation catalyst (typically dispersed in an organic solvent system) is supplemented with a compressed gas which expands the reaction mixture, thus accelerating the oxidation reaction. In preferred practice pressurized subcritical or supercritical carbon dioxide is used as the expanding gas, which is introduced into the reaction mixture together with an oxidizing agent. The inventive methods improve the substrate conversion and product selectivity by increasing the solubility of the oxidizing agent in the reaction mixture.
摘要翻译：提供了改进的氧化方法，其中包含待氧化的基质（例如酚，烯烃）和氧化催化剂（通常分散在有机溶剂体系中）的反应混合物补充有膨胀反应混合物的压缩气体，从而加速氧化反应。在优选的实践中，使用加压亚临界或超临界二氧化碳作为膨胀气体，其与氧化剂一起引入反应混合物中。本发明的方法通过增加氧化剂在反应混合物中的溶解度来改善底物转化率和产物选择性。

19. 发明授权

US5907075A Solid acid supercritical alkylation reactions using carbon dioxide and/or other co-solvents 失效
标题翻译：使用二氧化碳和/或其他共溶剂的固体酸超临界烷基化反应
公开(公告)号：US5907075A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-25
申请号：US872865
申请日：1997-06-11
申请人： Bala Subramaniam , Michael C. Clark
发明人： Bala Subramaniam , Michael C. Clark
IPC分类号： B01J3/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C2/58 , C07C9/21 , C07C2/56
CPC分类号： C07C2/58 , B01J3/008 , C07C2521/06 , C07C2529/06 , Y02P20/544
摘要： Improved isoparaffin-olefin alkylation solid catalyst processes are provided which are characterized by low coke laydown and catalyst deactivation rates and production of valuable branched chain, high octane number alkylates. The processes of the invention involve providing a starting reactant mixture comprising an isoparaffin, an olefin and a co-solvent or diluent (carbon dioxide in molar excess, methane, hydrogen or mixtures thereof), and contacting the reactant mixture with an alkylation catalyst at near-critical or preferably supercritical conditions for the reaction mixture. The carbon dioxide serves as a co-solvent and reduces the critical temperature (T.sub.c) of the reaction mixture, thereby allowing lower reaction temperatures. The isoparaffin and olefin reactants are preferably pretreated to minimize moisture, peroxide and oxygenate impurities therein.
摘要翻译：提供改进的异链烷烃烯烃烷基化固体催化剂方法，其特征在于低焦炭沉淀和催化剂失活速率和有价值的支链高辛烷值烷基化物的生产。本发明的方法包括提供起始反应物混合物，其包含异链烷烃，烯烃和共溶剂或稀释剂（摩尔过量的二氧化碳，甲烷，氢气或其混合物），并将反应混合物与烷基化催化剂接近重要或优选超临界条件。二氧化碳用作助溶剂并降低反应混合物的临界温度（Tc），由此允许较低的反应温度。优选对异链烷烃和烯烃反应物进行预处理，以使其中的水分，过氧化物和含氧化合物的杂质最小化。

20. 发明授权

US09853717B2 Half-duplex communications for a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) operating on a continuous stream 有权
公开(公告)号：US09853717B2
公开(公告)日：2017-12-26
申请号：US15164644
申请日：2016-05-25
申请人： Bala Subramaniam , Matt Butehorn
发明人： Bala Subramaniam , Matt Butehorn
IPC分类号： H04B1/38 , H04B7/185 , H04L5/00 , H04L5/14 , H04B7/212
CPC分类号： H04B7/18528 , H04B7/18517 , H04B7/18578 , H04B7/2125 , H04L5/0048 , H04L5/1453
摘要： A method and apparatus for providing half-duplex communications for a Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) operating on a continuous received stream is disclosed. The method includes: decoding the continuous received stream to establish synchronization with the continuous received stream; locating, in the continuous received stream, a time plan including a receiving timeslot and a transmitting timeslot; demodulating the continuous received stream by adapting to a timing and frequency variation of the continuous received stream in the receiving timeslot, freewheeling the adapting of the continuous received stream during the transmitting timeslot, and resuming the adapting of the continuous received stream when the transmitting timeslot ends; stopping a receiving of the continuous received stream during the transmitting timeslot; and transmitting from the VSAT during the transmitting timeslot. The freewheeling includes saving a signal acquisition parameter at the start of the transmitting timeslot and restoring the saved signal acquisition parameter at the end of the transmitting timeslot.

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