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141. 发明授权

US5905743A Apparatus, methods and computer program products for sequential maximum likelihood estimating communications signals using whitening path metrics 失效
标题翻译：用于使用美白路径度量的顺序最大似然估计通信信号的装置，方法和计算机程序产品
公开(公告)号：US5905743A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US777823
申请日：1996-12-31
申请人： Rajaram Ramesh
发明人： Rajaram Ramesh
IPC分类号： H03M13/41 , H04B7/005 , H04L25/03 , H04L27/01 , G06F11/10 , H03M13/12
CPC分类号： H04L25/03299
摘要： An estimate of a first symbol sequence is estimated from a communications signal communicated over a communications channel which imparts noise to the communications signal. The communications signal is received from the communications channel and processed to produce a second symbol sequence. A whitening function is identified, preferably a whitening filter impulse response, and an estimate of the first symbol sequence is sequential maximum likelihood estimated from the second symbol sequence using a path metric including the whitening function. Preferably, candidate symbol sequences are generated for survivor symbol sequences, each candidate symbol sequence including the survivor symbol sequence and an additional symbol postulate. A path metric is determined for each candidate symbol sequence from the candidate symbol sequence, the second symbol sequence, the branch metrics of the symbol postulates in the associated survivor symbol sequence, the whitening filter impulse response, the path metric of the associated survivor symbol sequence and a channel impulse response. At least one new survivor symbol sequence, preferably one with a lesser path metric, is selected from the candidate symbol sequences. The path metric preferably is determined by accumulating branch metrics. Each branch metric preferably is determined by convolving the candidate symbol sequence and the channel impulse response, subtracting the convolution from the second symbol sequence to produce an error sequence, and determining a weighted sum of error sequences for the candidate symbol sequence, weighted according to the whitening filter impulse response. A magnitude of the weighted sum is computed to thereby compute a branch metric.
摘要翻译：从通过通信信道通信的通信信号估计第一符号序列，该通信信道向通信信号施加噪声。通信信号从通信信道接收并被处理以产生第二符号序列。识别白化功能，优选地是白化滤波器脉冲响应，并且第一符号序列的估计是使用包括增白功能的路径度量从第二符号序列估计的顺序最大似然度。优选地，为幸存者符号序列生成候选符号序列，每个候选符号序列包括幸存者符号序列和附加符号假定。从候选符号序列确定每个候选符号序列的路径度量，第二符号序列，符号的分支度量在相关的幸存符号序列中假定，白化滤波器脉冲响应，相关联的幸存符号序列的路径度量和信道脉冲响应。从候选符号序列中选择至少一个新的幸存者符号序列，优选地具有较小路径度量的一个。路径度量优选地通过累加分支度量来确定。每个分支度量优选地通过卷积候选符号序列和信道脉冲响应来确定，从第二符号序列减去卷积以产生错误序列，并且确定针对候选符号序列的误差序列的加权和，根据美白滤波器的脉冲响应。计算加权和的大小，从而计算分支度量。

142. 发明授权

US5809141A Method and apparatus for enabling mobile-to-mobile calls in a communication system 失效
标题翻译：用于在通信系统中实现移动电话到移动电话的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5809141A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US681916
申请日：1996-07-30
申请人： Paul W. Dent , Sandeep Chennakeshu , Rajaram Ramesh , Stanley L. Reinhold
发明人： Paul W. Dent , Sandeep Chennakeshu , Rajaram Ramesh , Stanley L. Reinhold
IPC分类号： H04L9/08 , H04B7/15 , H04B7/185 , H04B7/26 , H04Q7/38 , H04K1/00
CPC分类号： H04B7/18532 , H04B7/18558 , H04B7/18565
摘要： A communication system is disclosed which reduces loop delay when a first wireless phone calls a second wireless phone wherein the first and second phones are served by the same relay station. The communication system includes a relay station for communicating with the first and second wireless phones. A transponder located in the relay station relays signals received from one mobile station on a first frequency band to another mobile station on a second frequency band. In addition, the transponder sends the received signals to a controller which controls the operation of the transponder using control information.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通信系统，其在第一无线电话呼叫第二无线电话时减少环路延迟，其中第一和第二电话由相同的中继站服务。通信系统包括用于与第一和第二无线电话进行通信的中继站。位于中继站的应答器将在第一频带上从一个移动台接收的信号中继到第二频带上的另一个移动台。此外，应答器将接收的信号发送到使用控制信息控制应答器的操作的控制器。

143. 发明授权

US08742188B2 Process for preparing ethylene and/or propylene and an iso-olefin-depleted olefinic product 失效
标题翻译：用于制备乙烯和/或丙烯的方法和消耗烯烃的异烯烃产物
公开(公告)号：US08742188B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-03
申请号：US13606269
申请日：2012-09-07
申请人： Leslie Andrew Chewter , Rajaram Ramesh , Sivakumar Sadasivan Vijayakumari , Jeroen Van Westrenen
发明人： Leslie Andrew Chewter , Rajaram Ramesh , Sivakumar Sadasivan Vijayakumari , Jeroen Van Westrenen
IPC分类号： C07C2/00
CPC分类号： C07C1/22 , B01J29/40 , B01J29/7042 , B01J29/7046 , B01J29/90 , B01J37/28 , B01J2229/186 , C07C1/20 , C07C29/48 , C07C41/06 , C07C2529/40 , C07C2529/70 , C07C2529/83 , C07C2529/85 , C07D301/03 , C10G3/49 , C10G11/05 , C10G50/00 , C10G57/02 , C10G2400/20 , C10L1/023 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/584 , Y02P30/42 , C07C43/046 , C07C11/04 , C07C11/06
摘要： The present invention provides a process for preparing ethylene and/or propylene and an iso-olefin-depleted olefinic product, comprising the steps of: a) providing a C5 hydrocarbon-comprising stream, comprising C5 cyclopentene and C5 iso-olefins; b) subjecting the C5 hydrocarbon-comprising stream to an etherification process with methanol and/or ethanol wherein at least part of the C5 iso-olefins are converted with methanol and/or ethanol to an tert-alkyl ether, and retrieving an etherification product stream; c) separating at least part of the etherification product stream into at least an ether-enriched stream and a first iso-olefin-depleted olefinic product; d) converting at least part of the tert-alkyl ether in the ether-enriched stream to ethylene and/or propylene by contacting at least part of the ether-enriched stream with a molecular sieve-comprising catalyst at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 1000° C. and retrieving a second olefinic product comprising ethylene and/or propylene.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种制备乙烯和/或丙烯和异烯烃贫乏烯烃产物的方法，包括以下步骤：a）提供包含C5环戊烯和C5异烯烃的含C5烃流; b）使含C5烃的料流经甲醇和/或乙醇进行醚化处理，其中至少部分的C5异烯烃用甲醇和/或乙醇转化成叔烷基醚，并回收醚化产物流 ; c）将至少部分醚化产物流分离成至少一种富醚流和第一异烯烃贫化烯烃产物; d）通过使至少部分富含乙醚的料流与含分子筛的催化剂在至少一部分乙醚和/或丙烯的温度范围内接触，将至少部分乙醚富集流中的叔烷基醚转化为并回收包含乙烯和/或丙烯的第二烯烃产物。

144. 发明授权

US08223896B2 Soft bit value generation in a sequence estimator 有权
标题翻译：序列估计器中的软比特值生成
公开(公告)号：US08223896B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-17
申请号：US12510537
申请日：2009-07-28
申请人： Kambiz Zangi , Rajaram Ramesh
发明人： Kambiz Zangi , Rajaram Ramesh
IPC分类号： H04L27/06
CPC分类号： H04L25/03318 , H04L25/03229 , H04L2025/03388
摘要： Teachings presented herein offer reduced computational complexity for symbol sequence estimation, and also provide for the generation of soft bit values representing the reliability of that estimation. A demodulator is configured to generate these soft bit values by identifying a candidate value for each symbol in the sequence which is more likely than at least one other in a defined set of candidate values. Based on the candidate value identified for each symbol, the demodulator forms a reduced set of candidate values for the symbol by selecting as many additional candidate values from the defined set as are needed to have complementary bit values for each bit value in that identified candidate value. The demodulator calculates soft bit values for the symbol sequence based on a sequence estimation process whose state space for each symbol is constrained to the corresponding reduced set.
摘要翻译：本文提供的教学提供了减少符号序列估计的计算复杂度，并且还提供了代表该估计的可靠性的软比特值的产生。解调器被配置为通过在所定义的一组候选值中识别比所述序列中的至少另一个更可能的序列中的每个符号的候选值来生成这些软比特值。基于为每个符号识别的候选值，解调器通过从所定义的集合中选择与所识别的候选值中的每个比特值具有互补比特值所需的附加候选值来形成用于该符号的候选值的缩减集合。解调器基于序列估计处理来计算符号序列的软比特值，其中每个符号的状态空间被约束到相应的缩减集。

145. 发明授权

US07848460B2 Interference suppression method and apparatus 有权
标题翻译：干扰抑制方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07848460B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-07
申请号：US11776704
申请日：2007-07-12
申请人： Rajaram Ramesh
发明人： Rajaram Ramesh
IPC分类号： H04L27/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/1027 , H04B1/406 , H04L25/0328 , H04L27/0008 , H04L2025/03401
摘要： A composite baseband signal includes a desired signal component modulated according to a first modulation scheme and an interfering signal component modulated according to a second modulation scheme. Information is recovered from the composite signal by applying a phase rotation associated with the second modulation scheme to the composite signal to generate a rotated signal. Based on the rotated signal, a channel model associated with the desired signal component and interference cancelling filter coefficients associated with the interfering signal component are generated. The rotated signal is filtered according to the interference cancelling filter coefficients to suppress the interfering signal component from the rotated signal. The filtered signal is equalized based on branch metrics derived from the channel model and symbol hypotheses rotated in accordance with a difference in phase rotations associated with the first and second modulations to recover information from the desired signal component.
摘要翻译：复合基带信号包括根据第一调制方案调制的期望信号分量和根据第二调制方案调制的干扰信号分量。通过将与第二调制方案相关联的相位旋转施加到复合信号从复合信号中恢复信息以产生旋转信号。基于旋转的信号，产生与期望信号分量相关联的信道模型和与干扰信号分量相关联的干扰消除滤波器系数。旋转的信号根据干扰消除滤波器系数被滤波，以抑制来自旋转信号的干扰信号分量。滤波后的信号基于从信道模型导出的分支度量和根据与第一和第二调制相关联的相位旋转差旋转的符号假设来均衡，以从期望信号分量恢复信息。

146. 发明授权

US07773950B2 Benign interference suppression for received signal quality estimation 有权
标题翻译：接收信号质量估计的良性干扰抑制
公开(公告)号：US07773950B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US10869527
申请日：2004-06-16
申请人： Yi-Pin Eric Wang , Gregory E. Bottomley , Rajaram Ramesh
发明人： Yi-Pin Eric Wang , Gregory E. Bottomley , Rajaram Ramesh
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04L1/20 , H04B2201/709727 , H04L1/0003 , H04L1/0026 , H04L1/206
摘要： A receiver circuit suppresses effects of “benign” impairment from the calculation of received signal quality estimates, such that the estimate depends primarily on the effects of non-benign impairment. For example, a received signal may be subject to same-cell and other-cell interference plus noise, which is generally modeled using a Gaussian distribution, and also may be due to certain forms of self-interference, such as quadrature phase interference arising from imperfect derotation of the pilot samples used to generate channel estimates for the received signal. Such interference generally takes on a distribution defined by the pilot signal modulation, e.g., a binomial distribution for binary phase shift keying modulation. Interference arising from such sources is relatively “benign” as compared to Gaussian interference and thus should be suppressed or otherwise discounted in signal quality calculations. Suppression may be based on subtracting benign impairment correlation estimates from total impairment correlation estimates, or on filtering the benign impairment in channel estimation.
摘要翻译：接收机电路抑制从接收到的信号质量估计的计算中的“良性”损伤的影响，使得估计主要取决于非良性损伤的影响。例如，接收到的信号可以经受相同小区和其他小区干扰加噪声，其通常使用高斯分布来建模，并且还可能是由于某些形式的自干扰，例如由用于产生接收信号的信道估计的导频样本的不完全解旋。这种干扰通常采用由导频信号调制定义的分布，例如二进制相移键控调制的二项分布。与高斯干扰相比，从这些源产生的干扰相对“良性”，因此在信号质量计算中应被抑制或以其他方式折扣。抑制可以基于从总损伤相关性估计中减去良性损伤相关估计，或者在滤波信道估计中的良性损伤。

147. 发明授权

US07720164B2 Transmission scheme for uplink access in a FDMA system 有权
标题翻译： FDMA系统中上行链路接入的传输方案
公开(公告)号：US07720164B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-18
申请号：US11678946
申请日：2007-02-26
申请人： Rajaram Ramesh , Dennis Hui
发明人： Rajaram Ramesh , Dennis Hui
IPC分类号： H04K1/10 , H04L27/28
CPC分类号： H04L5/0007 , H04L5/0048 , H04L5/0058
摘要： Transmission scheme for the uplink of FDMA systems that improves performance in an interference-dominated system by using a pilot scheme that provides enough information so that channel estimates can be obtained for a particular user, but which at the same time makes it possible to use pilot patterns that are different in different cells so that co-channel interference is mitigated. A codeword is used to position a set of pilot symbols within a set of subcarriers wherein each subcarrier has a first pilot time slot and a second pilot time slot associated with one or more data time slots. The set of subcarriers are identified on which to transmit the composite signal and the first pilot time slots and the second pilot time slots are filled with the pilot symbols in accordance with the codeword. The composite signal is then formatted as a combination of modulated data and pilot signals.
摘要翻译：用于通过使用提供足够信息的导频方案来改善以干扰为主的系统中的性能的FDMA系统的上行链路的传输方案，以便可以为特定用户获得信道估计，但同时使得可以使用导频在不同的小区中不同的模式，从而减轻了同信道干扰。码字用于将一组导频符号定位在一组子载波中，其中每个子载波具有与一个或多个数据时隙相关联的第一导频时隙和第二导频时隙。识别发射复合信号的子载波集合，并且根据码字对导频符号填充第一导频时隙和第二导频时隙。然后将复合信号格式化为调制数据和导频信号的组合。

148. 发明申请

US20090016465A1 Interference Suppression Method and Apparatus 有权
标题翻译：干扰抑制方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20090016465A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-15
申请号：US11776704
申请日：2007-07-12
申请人： Rajaram Ramesh
发明人： Rajaram Ramesh
IPC分类号： H04L27/00 , H03D1/04 , H04B1/10
CPC分类号： H04B1/1027 , H04B1/406 , H04L25/0328 , H04L27/0008 , H04L2025/03401
摘要： A composite baseband signal includes a desired signal component modulated according to a first modulation scheme and an interfering signal component modulated according to a second modulation scheme. Information is recovered from the composite signal by applying a phase rotation associated with the second modulation scheme to the composite signal to generate a rotated signal. Based on the rotated signal, a channel model associated with the desired signal component and interference cancelling filter coefficients associated with the interfering signal component are generated. The rotated signal is filtered according to the interference cancelling filter coefficients to suppress the interfering signal component from the rotated signal. The filtered signal is equalized based on branch metrics derived from the channel model and symbol hypotheses rotated in accordance with a difference in phase rotations associated with the first and second modulations to recover information from the desired signal component.
摘要翻译：复合基带信号包括根据第一调制方案调制的期望信号分量和根据第二调制方案调制的干扰信号分量。通过将与第二调制方案相关联的相位旋转施加到复合信号从复合信号中恢复信息以产生旋转信号。基于旋转的信号，产生与期望信号分量相关联的信道模型和与干扰信号分量相关联的干扰消除滤波器系数。旋转的信号根据干扰消除滤波器系数被滤波，以抑制来自旋转信号的干扰信号分量。滤波后的信号基于从信道模型导出的分支度量和根据与第一和第二调制相关联的相位旋转差旋转的符号假设来均衡，以从期望信号分量恢复信息。

149. 发明授权

US07366475B2 Signal strength measurements in cellular telecommunication systems 有权
标题翻译：蜂窝电信系统中的信号强度测量
公开(公告)号：US07366475B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-29
申请号：US10861987
申请日：2004-06-04
申请人： Rajaram Ramesh
发明人： Rajaram Ramesh
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： H04B17/318 , H04L25/0212 , H04L25/0228 , H04W36/30
摘要： A mobile station (MS) and method for estimating received signal strength of a radio signal from a neighboring cell in a cellular radio telecommunication network. The MS measures the received signal strength of the radio signal over a plurality of frames, and calculates an average received signal strength. During an idle frame, the MS receives a synchronization channel (SCH) signal, and determines a channel estimate for the SCH using a known extended training sequence. The extended training sequence is then modified with the channel estimate, and the modified extended training sequence is subtracted from the received SCH signal to obtain a residual signal. The MS calculates a residual energy of the residual signal, and subtracts the residual energy from the average received signal strength of the radio signal to obtain an estimated received signal strength of the radio signal from the neighboring cell.
摘要翻译：一种用于估计来自蜂窝无线电信网络中的相邻小区的无线电信号的接收信号强度的移动站（MS）和方法。 MS通过多个帧测量无线电信号的接收信号强度，并计算平均接收信号强度。在空闲帧期间，MS接收同步信道（SCH）信号，并且使用已知的扩展训练序列确定SCH的信道估计。然后用信道估计修改扩展训练序列，并且从接收的SCH信号中减去修改的扩展训练序列以获得残留信号。 MS计算剩余信号的残余能量，并从无线电信号的平均接收信号强度中减去残余能量，以获得来自相邻小区的无线电信号的估计接收信号强度。

150. 发明授权

US07251770B2 Method and apparatus for decoding of turbo encoded data in a communication system 有权
标题翻译：用于在通信系统中解码turbo编码数据的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07251770B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US10915134
申请日：2004-08-10
申请人： Gregory E. Bottomley , Rajaram Ramesh , Jung-Fu Cheng
发明人： Gregory E. Bottomley , Rajaram Ramesh , Jung-Fu Cheng
IPC分类号： H03M13/29 , H03M13/41
CPC分类号： H04L1/005 , H03M13/2957 , H03M13/2975 , H04L1/0066
摘要： A method and apparatus for decoding turbo encoded data. A first turbo decoding iteration is performed to produce a most likely sequence of symbols, each symbol having an amplitude value and a positive or negative sign. The sequence of symbols is error checked, and if an error is detected, the apparatus forms a next most likely sequence by reversing the positive or negative sign of the symbol having the smallest amplitude. If an error is again detected, additional sign reversals are performed on symbols with larger amplitudes, and on multiple symbols. Each modification is error checked. If none of the modifications produce an error-free sequence, and a maximum number of modifications are performed, the apparatus performs another turbo decoding iteration to produce another sequence of symbols. The process is then repeated until an error-free sequence is produced or a maximum number of iterations are performed.
摘要翻译：用于对turbo编码数据进行解码的方法和装置。执行第一turbo解码迭代以产生最可能的符号序列，每个符号具有振幅值和正号或负号。符号序列被错误检查，并且如果检测到错误，则该装置通过反转具有最小幅度的符号的正号或负号来形成下一个最可能的序列。如果再次检测到错误，则对具有较大幅度的符号和多个符号执行附加符号反转。每个修改都被错误检查。如果没有一个修改产生无错的序列，并且执行最大数量的修改，则该装置执行另一个turbo解码迭代以产生另一个符号序列。然后重复该过程，直到产生无错序列或执行最大次数。

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