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121. 发明授权

US5386367A Method for cylinder-selective knock control in internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：内燃机气缸选择性爆震控制方法
公开(公告)号：US5386367A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-31
申请号：US706248
申请日：1991-05-28
申请人： Herbert Ziegler , Peter Schindler
发明人： Herbert Ziegler , Peter Schindler
IPC分类号： F02D41/36 , F02D45/00 , F02P5/152 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/00 , F02P5/14
CPC分类号： F02P5/1522 , G01L23/225 , Y02T10/46
摘要： The method includes sampling a sensor signal of at least one knocking sensor after amplification and preparation at a predetermined frequency within a measurement window being predetermined for each firing cycle, to form sampled values. A knocking value is determined from a mean value of a predetermined number of greatest sampled values. A noise value is ascertained by forming a sliding mean value from a predetermined number of previous knocking values. An actual noise value is formed from the cylinder-selective noise values. A command noise value being dependent on at least one noise-determining engine parameter is read out of a performance graph. A difference between or a ratio of the actual noise value and the command noise value is formed. The comparison is processed in a controller to produce a correction factor. The correction factor is linked with a pilot value being read out of a pilot performance graph and being dependent on at least one noise-determining engine parameter, to produce a total amplification factor for the sensor signal.
摘要翻译：该方法包括在对于每个点火周期预定的测量窗口内的预定频率进行放大和准备之后对至少一个爆震传感器的传感器信号进行采样，以形成采样值。从预定数量的最大采样值的平均值确定敲击值。通过从预定数量的先前敲击值形成滑动平均值来确定噪声值。实际噪声值由气缸选择噪声值形成。从性能图中读出依赖于至少一个噪声确定引擎参数的命令噪声值。形成实际噪声值与指令噪音值之间的差值或比率。在控制器中处理比较以产生校正因子。校正因子与从导频性能图读出的导频值相关联，并且依赖于至少一个噪声确定引擎参数，以产生传感器信号的总放大系数。

122. 发明授权

US5373726A Detonation detection system for internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：内燃机爆震检测系统
公开(公告)号：US5373726A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-20
申请号：US853911
申请日：1992-03-19
申请人： Barry T. Brinks , Howard F. Farquhar
发明人： Barry T. Brinks , Howard F. Farquhar
IPC分类号： G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L23/225 , G01L23/221
摘要： A detonation detector operable for detecting the intensity of detonation occurring in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The detonation detector of the present invention includes a mechanical filter mounted on the engine for amplifying vibration signals resulting from detonation, including low intensity, sub-audible detonation signals. The mechanical filter is tuned to a resonant frequency at about the detonation frequency signal in order to attenuate noise signals from the engine and amplify signals at about the detonation frequency signal. A flat response accelerometer is mounted on the mechanical filter and receives the amplified detonation frequency signals and the attenuated noise signals and converts these signals into electrical output signals. An electronic circuit is connected to the accelerometer for amplifying the electrical output signals and filtering the attenuated noise signals. Thus, the detonation detector provides an output indicative of the intensity level of detonation substantially devoid of noise signals.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测在内燃机的燃烧室中发生的爆震强度的爆震检测器。本发明的爆震检测器包括安装在发动机上的机械滤波器，用于放大由爆震引起的振动信号，包括低强度的亚声音爆震信号。机械滤波器在大约爆震频率信号下调谐到谐振频率，以便衰减来自发动机的噪声信号，并在大约爆震频率信号处放大信号。平面响应加速度计安装在机械滤波器上，并接收放大的引爆频率信号和衰减的噪声信号，并将这些信号转换成电气输出信号。电子电路连接到加速度计，用于放大电输出信号并对衰减的噪声信号进行滤波。因此，引爆检测器提供指示基本上没有噪声信号的爆震的强度水平的输出。

123. 发明授权

US5361213A Control device for an automobile 失效
标题翻译：汽车控制装置
公开(公告)号：US5361213A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-01
申请号：US37732
申请日：1993-03-24
申请人： Mamoru Fujieda , Minoru Ohsuga , Toshiharu Nogi , Yoshishige Ooyama
发明人： Mamoru Fujieda , Minoru Ohsuga , Toshiharu Nogi , Yoshishige Ooyama
IPC分类号： B60G17/015 , B60K31/00 , B60W10/00 , B60W10/04 , B60W10/06 , B60W10/10 , B60W10/22 , B60W50/00 , F02B75/02 , F02D41/14 , F02D41/26 , F02D45/00 , F02P5/04 , F02P5/15 , F16H59/18 , F16H61/00 , F16H61/02 , F16H63/40 , F16H63/50 , G01L23/22 , G01S17/88 , G01S17/93 , G05B15/00 , G06N3/00 , G06N3/063
CPC分类号： G01S17/936 , B60K31/0008 , B60W30/20 , B60W50/00 , F02D41/1405 , F02P5/045 , G01L23/225 , B60W2030/206 , B60W2050/0002 , B60W2050/0043 , B60W2050/0057 , F02B2075/027 , F02D2041/1433 , F16H2061/0081 , F16H2061/0084 , F16H2061/0087 , Y10S706/905
摘要： A control device for an automobile has at least one sensor for detecting an operational state of the automobile. An output from the sensor is applied to a sample and hold circuit which is adapted to provide a time displaced output to a hierarchical group of neural elements. The neural elements operate upon said time displaced signals by varying the weighting of the signals and/or threshold values of the neural elements in accordance with a desired output parameter. The output of the neural computer is applied to a control circuit which is adapted to control an automobile actuator. The hierarchical group of neural elements are provided with numerous forms of different learning functions so that the desired output parameter is achieved. In one such embodiment desired parameters are applied to said neural computer and to a comparator, signals derived from sensors associated with automobile actuators are also applied to said comparator whereby difference signals are outputted from said comparator to control the weighting and/or threshold levels of the neural elements. The invention may be applied to different functions such as controlling air/fuel ratio, ignition timing, knock control, sensing, suspension adjustment, and road surface detection.
摘要翻译：用于汽车的控制装置具有至少一个用于检测汽车的操作状态的传感器。来自传感器的输出被施加到采样和保持电路，该采样和保持电路适于将时间偏移输出提供给等级组的神经元件。神经元通过根据期望的输出参数改变神经元的信号权重和/或阈值来对所述时间偏移信号进行操作。神经计算机的输出被应用于适于控制汽车致动器的控制电路。提供了许多形式的不同学习功能的神经元分级组，从而实现了期望的输出参数。在一个这样的实施例中，期望的参数被应用于所述神经计算机和比较器，从与汽车致动器相关联的传感器得到的信号也被施加到所述比较器，从而从所述比较器输出差分信号以控制所述比较器的加权和/或阈值水平神经元素。本发明可以应用于不同的功能，例如控制空燃比，点火正时，爆震控制，感测，悬架调节和路面检测。

124. 发明授权

US5355853A Knock control system for internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：内燃机爆震控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5355853A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US31245
申请日：1993-03-11
申请人： Hirohiko Yamada , Koji Sakakibara
发明人： Hirohiko Yamada , Koji Sakakibara
IPC分类号： F02D45/00 , G01L23/22 , F02P5/14
CPC分类号： G01L23/225
摘要： A knock control system for an internal combustion engine derives a knock intensity indicative value Vpi from an output of a knock sensor and decides presence or absence of an engine knock by comparing the knock intensity indicative value Vpi and a knock decision level V.sub.KDi for controlling a knock control factor such as an ignition timing based on the decision. The system derives a value Si corresponding to a standard deviation of a distribution of a substantially logarithmic conversion value of the knock intensity indicative value Vpi, and a value V.sub.Mi corresponding to a median value of the above-noted distribution. The system derives the knock decision level V.sub.KDi based on the value Si and the value V.sub.Mi when the value Si is within a predetermined range. On the other hand, when the value Si deviates from the predetermined range, the system derives the knock decision level V.sub.KDi based on the value V.sub.Mi and a corrected value which is set smaller or larger than the value Si so as to prevent divergence of the knock decision level V.sub.KDi.
摘要翻译：用于内燃机的爆震控制系统从爆震传感器的输出导出爆震强度指示值Vpi，并且通过比较爆震强度指示值Vpi和敲击判定水平VKDi来控制爆震，并决定是否存在发动机爆震控制因素如基于点火时间的决定。该系统导出对应于爆震强度指示值Vpi的基本对数转换值的分布的标准偏差的值Si和与上述分布的中值对应的值VMi。当值Si在预定范围内时，该系统基于值Si和值VMi导出爆震判定电平VKDi。另一方面，当值Si偏离预定范围时，系统基于值VMi和设置为小于或大于值Si的校正值导出爆震判定电平VKDi，以便防止爆震的发散决策级别VKDi。

125. 发明授权

US5353643A Pressure sensor 失效
标题翻译：压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US5353643A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-11
申请号：US990799
申请日：1992-12-15
申请人： Josef Glaser
发明人： Josef Glaser
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , G01L9/04 , G01L9/08 , G01L9/12 , G01L19/04 , G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L9/0001 , G01L19/04 , G01L23/22 , G01L9/0002 , G01L9/0005
摘要： To compensate for temperature effects on the measuring signal of a pressure sensor which includes a membrane part with at least indirect signal generation and is a supporting base, the membrane part being deformed by the pressure to be measured and cooperable with a pressure sensing element, the the membrane part is constructed to include at least one pair of concentric cylindrical surfaces positioned at a small radial distance from each other. The cylindrical surfaces are closed along their circumference, and one of the cylindrical surfaces increases its diameter when subjected to pressure and the diameter of the other decreases. Changes of the two diameters in the same direction take place in the instance of a temperature change.
摘要翻译：为了补偿温度对包括具有至少间接信号产生的膜部分的压力传感器的测量信号的温度影响，并且是支撑基座，膜部分被测量的压力变形并与压力感测元件配合，膜部分构造成包括彼此相距小的径向距离的至少一对同心圆柱形表面。圆柱形表面沿其圆周封闭，其中一个圆柱形表面在经受压力时增加其直径，另一个圆柱形表面的直径减小。在相同方向上的两个直径的变化在温度变化的情况下发生。

126. 发明授权

US5349873A Force transducer and pressure detecting circuit using the same 失效
标题翻译：力传感器和压力检测电路使用相同
公开(公告)号：US5349873A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US92480
申请日：1993-07-16
申请人： Yoshiteru Omura , Kouji Tsukada , Yutaka Nonomura , Takeshi Morikawa
发明人： Yoshiteru Omura , Kouji Tsukada , Yutaka Nonomura , Takeshi Morikawa
IPC分类号： G01L1/16 , G01L1/18 , G01L9/00 , G01L9/06 , G01L9/08 , G01L23/10 , G01L23/22 , G01L9/04 , G01L1/75
CPC分类号： G01L9/0052 , G01L1/18 , G01L9/0058 , G01L9/065 , Y10S73/04
摘要： A force transducer comprising: a silicon semiconductor having a crystal face of (110); a pair of input-output shared electrodes mounted on the crystal face of the silicon semiconductor in mutual confronting relationship in a direction of of the crystal or a direction equivalent to the direction of ; a force transmission block connected to the crystal face of the silicon semiconductor for transmitting a force W perpendicularly to the crystal face; and a support bed supporting the silicon semiconductor and connected to the silicon semiconductor at a face opposite to the crystal face to which the force transmission block is connected, whereby a voltage corresponding to the force W and to be measured is output from the input-output shared electrodes when the force W is applied perpendicularly to the crystal face of the silicon semiconductor via the force transmission block while a current flows in the silicon semiconductor via the input-output shared electrodes.
摘要翻译：一种力传感器，包括：具有（110）的晶面的硅半导体; 在晶体的<110>方向或与<110>方向相等的方向上以相互面对的关系安装在硅半导体的晶面上的一对输入输出共享电极; 连接到所述硅半导体的所述晶面的力传递块，用于垂直于所述晶体面传递力W; 以及支撑硅半导体并且在与与所述力传递块连接的晶面相对的面处与所述硅半导体连接的支撑床，由此从所述输入输出输出与所述力W对应的电压当电流经由输入 - 输出共享电极在硅半导体中流动时，通过力传递块垂直于硅半导体的晶面施加力W时的共用电极。

127. 发明授权

US5333489A Circuit arrangement to detect knocking 失效
标题翻译：电路布置检测爆震
公开(公告)号：US5333489A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US768895
申请日：1991-10-18
申请人： Adolf Dreyer
发明人： Adolf Dreyer
IPC分类号： G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L23/225
摘要： The circuit arrangement for detecting and evaluating knocking in an internal combustion engine includes a knock sensor located in the internal combustion engine to generate a knock sensor signal having knock signal frequency components of differing knock signal frequencies; an oscillator producing a constant frequency oscillator signal; a mixer stage producing a mixed signal including mixed signal frequency components of various mixed signal frequencies which are less than the corresponding knock signal frequencies of the knock sensor signal, the mixer stage being connected to receive the constant frequency oscillator signal and the knock sensor signal; a level stabilizing circuit for adjusting an amplitude of the knock sensor signal to a constant amplitude level despite changes in an operating state of the internal combustion engine, the level stabilizing circuit connecting the knock sensor and the mixer stage; a filter circuit connected to the mixer stage to filter the mixed signal and form a filtered mixed signal including filtered mixed signal components at the mixed signal frequencies; and an evaluating circuit connected to the filter circuit for analysis of the filtered mixed signal.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00171 Sec。 371日期1991年10月18日 102（e）1991年10月18日PCT 1991年2月28日PCT PCT。 WO91 / 14163 PCT出版物日本1991年9月19日。用于检测和评估内燃机爆震的电路装置包括位于内燃机中的爆震传感器，以产生具有不同爆震信号频率的爆震信号频率分量的爆震传感器信号; 产生恒定频率振荡器信号的振荡器; 混合器级产生混合信号，该混合信号包括小于爆震传感器信号的相应爆震信号频率的各种混合信号频率的混合信号频率分量，混合级连接以接收恒定频率振荡器信号和爆震传感器信号; 电平稳定电路，用于尽管内燃机的操作状态的改变，连接爆震传感器和混合器台的电平稳定电路的变化，也可以将爆震传感器信号的振幅调整到恒定幅度水平; 连接到混频器级的滤波器电路，以对混合信号进行滤波，并形成滤波后的混合信号，该混合信号包括混合信号频率的滤波后的混合信号分量; 以及连接到滤波器电路以分析滤波的混合信号的评估电路。

128. 发明授权

US5311765A Device for determining engine knocking intensity from detected variations in engine cylinder internal pressure 失效
标题翻译：用于根据检测到的发动机气缸内部压力变化确定发动机爆震强度的装置
公开(公告)号：US5311765A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US808851
申请日：1991-12-18
申请人： Yasunori Iwakiri
发明人： Yasunori Iwakiri
IPC分类号： G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L23/225
摘要： This invention relates to an engine knocking detector for determining knocking intensity from the oscillation waveform of the cylinder internal pressure. The total amount of heat generated in the combustion chamber during one revolution of the crankshaft is computed from the pressure waveform from which high frequency components have been eliminated, and from the running state of the engine. Also, the knocking start point during one revolution of the crankshaft is determined by comparing high frequency components extracted from the waveform and a predetermined reference value, and the amount of heat due to knocking is computed. A knocking intensity is then determined by comparing these two amounts of heat. By detecting knocking based on this comparison of amounts of heat generated in the combustion chamber, the knocking can be detected with high precision by means of a common logic irrespective of engine differences, installation positions of cylinder internal pressure sensors and individual sensor differences.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于根据气缸内部压力的振荡波形确定爆震强度的发动机爆震检测器。在曲轴一转期间在燃烧室中产生的总热量是从消除高频分量的压力波形和从发动机运行状态计算的。此外，通过比较从波形提取的高频分量和预定的参考值来确定曲轴一转期间的起始起始点，并计算由于敲击引起的热量。然后通过比较这两个热量来确定敲击强度。通过基于燃烧室中产生的热量的比较来检测爆震，可以通过公共逻辑高精度地检测爆震，而与发动机差异，汽缸内部压力传感器的安装位置和各个传感器差异无关。

129. 发明授权

US5284047A Multiplexed single-channel knock sensor signal conditioner system for internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于内燃机的多路单通道爆震传感器信号调节系统
公开(公告)号：US5284047A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US785940
申请日：1991-10-31
申请人： A. Paul Brokaw
发明人： A. Paul Brokaw
IPC分类号： G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L23/225
摘要： A multiplexed single channel knock sensor signal conditioner system for internal combustion engines includes a plurality of sensors for sensing the vibrations associated with knocking in an internal combustion engine; a single signal conditioning channel for providing a signal level representative of the magnitude of the knock; and means for selectively connecting the sensors to the signal conditioning channel. The signal conditioning channel includes a band pass filter, the frequency characteristics of which are adjusted according to the sensor connected to the signal conditioning channel.
摘要翻译：用于内燃机的多路复用单通道爆震传感器信号调节器系统包括用于感测与内燃机爆震相关的振动的多个传感器; 单个信号调节通道，用于提供代表爆震震级的信号电平; 以及用于选择性地将传感器连接到信号调节通道的装置。信号调理通道包括带通滤波器，其频率特性根据连接到信号调理通道的传感器进行调节。

130. 发明授权

US5263452A Knocking detector for internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：内燃机爆震探测器
公开(公告)号：US5263452A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US981304
申请日：1992-11-25
申请人： Toshio Ohsawa , Wataru Fukui
发明人： Toshio Ohsawa , Wataru Fukui
IPC分类号： F02D45/00 , F02P17/12 , G01L23/22 , G01M15/04 , F02P5/14 , F02M51/00
CPC分类号： G01L23/221 , F02P17/12 , F02P2017/125 , F02P2017/128
摘要： A knocking device for an internal combustion engine which detects the ionization current through an ignition coil just prior to the time of ignition, and judges whether or not the ionization current is above a predetermined level after a predetermined time or crank angle from the ignition. If the ionization current is above the predetermined level, it is judged that knocking has taken place. Accordingly, knocking can be detected simply and surely.
摘要翻译：一种用于内燃机的爆震装置，其在点火之前检测通过点火线圈的电离电流，并且在从点火开始的预定时间或曲柄角之后判断电离电流是否高于预定电平。如果电离电流高于预定水平，则判断发生了敲击。因此，可以简单且可靠地检测敲击。

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