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121. 发明授权

US06937744B1 System and process for bootstrap initialization of nonparametric color models 有权
标题翻译：非参数颜色模型的自举初始化的系统和过程
公开(公告)号：US06937744B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US09592750
申请日：2000-06-13
申请人： Kentaro Toyama
发明人： Kentaro Toyama
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/62 , G06T7/20
CPC分类号： G06T7/20
摘要： The present invention is embodied in a system and process for automatically learning a reliable color-based tracking system. The tracking system is learned by using information produced by an initial object model in combination with an initial tracking function to probabilistically determine the configuration of one or more target objects in a temporal sequence of images, and a data acquisition function for gathering observations relating to color in each image. The observations gathered by the data acquisition function include information that is relevant to parameters desired for a final color-based object model. A learning function then uses probabilistic methods to determine conditional probabilistic relationships between the observations and probabilistic target configuration information to learn a color-based object model automatically tailored to specific target objects. The learned object model is then used in combination with the final tracking function to probabilistically locate and track specific target objects in one or more sequential images.
摘要翻译：本发明体现在用于自动学习可靠的基于颜色的跟踪系统的系统和过程中。通过使用由初始对象模型产生的信息与初始跟踪功能结合来概括地确定图像的时间序列中的一个或多个目标对象的配置，以及用于收集与颜色有关的观察的数据获取功能来学习跟踪系统在每个图像。由数据获取功能收集的观察结果包括与最终基于颜色的对象模型所需参数相关的信息。然后，学习功能使用概率方法来确定观察值和概率目标配置信息之间的条件概率关系，以学习自动针对特定目标对象定制的基于颜色的对象模型。所学习的对象模型然后与最终跟踪功能结合使用，以概率地定位和跟踪一个或多个顺序图像中的特定目标对象。

122. 发明授权

US06839463B1 System and method providing subpixel-edge-offset-based determination of opacity 有权
标题翻译：提供基于亚像素边缘偏移的不透明度确定的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06839463B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-04
申请号：US09748562
申请日：2000-12-22
申请人： Andrew Blake , Kentaro Toyama
发明人： Andrew Blake , Kentaro Toyama
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/34 , G06K9/40 , G06T5/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/001 , G06T7/12 , G06T7/194
摘要： A system is provided for selecting a foreground region of an image, given a set of pixels defining the boundary of the foreground region of the image. The system includes a component to determine a foreground value (F) and opacity value (a) for each pixel on the set wherein a is determined via a subpixel edge-offset to facilitate a separation the foreground region from background portions of the image. The foreground value (F) and opacity value (a) are then employed to smoothly mix the foreground region of the image with a subsequent image background region.
摘要翻译：给定一组定义图像的前景区域的边界的像素的集合，用于选择图像的前景区域。该系统包括用于确定组中每个像素的前景值（F）和不透明度值（a）的分量，其中a经由子像素边缘偏移确定，以便于将前景区域与图像的背景部分分离。然后使用前景值（F）和不透明度值（a）来平滑地将图像的前景区域与随后的图像背景区域进行混合。

123. 发明授权

US06806898B1 System and method for automatically adjusting gaze and head orientation for video conferencing 有权
标题翻译：视频会议自动调整注视和头方向的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06806898B1
公开(公告)日：2004-10-19
申请号：US09528827
申请日：2000-03-20
申请人： Kentaro Toyama , David J. Gemmell
发明人： Kentaro Toyama , David J. Gemmell
IPC分类号： H04N714
CPC分类号： H04N7/144 , G06T5/006 , G06T7/75
摘要： The present invention is embodied in a system and method for automatically adjusting gaze and head pose in a videoconferencing environment, where each participant has a camera and display. The images of participants are rendered in a virtual 3D space. Head-pose orientation and eye-gaze direction are corrected so that a participant's image in the 3D space appears to appear to be looking at the person they are looking at on the screen. If a participant is looking at the viewer, their gaze is set toward the “camera”, which gives the perception of eye-contact.
摘要翻译：本发明体现在一种用于在视频会议环境中自动调整注视和头部姿势的系统和方法，其中每个参与者具有相机和显示器。参与者的图像呈现在虚拟3D空间中。校正姿势姿势和眼睛注视方向，使得3D空间中的参与者的图像似乎看起来正在屏幕上看着他们的人物。如果参与者正在观看观众，那么他们的目光将会朝向“相机”的位置，这样就会引起眼睛接触的感觉。

124. 发明授权

US06792135B1 System and method for face detection through geometric distribution of a non-intensity image property 有权
标题翻译：通过非强度图像属性的几何分布进行面部检测的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06792135B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US09430560
申请日：1999-10-29
申请人： Kentaro Toyama
发明人： Kentaro Toyama
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/00228
摘要： The present invention is embodied in a system and method for detecting a face within an image using a relational template over a geometric distribution of a non-intensity image property. In general, the system of the present invention includes a hypothesis module for defining a sub-region in which to search for a face, a feature extraction module for extracting image feature values image based on a non-intensity image property, an averaging module for grouping the extracted image feature values into geometrically distributed facial regions, and a relational template module that uses a relational template and facial regions to determine whether a face has been detected. In a preferred embodiment the image property used is edge density, although other suitable properties (such as pixel color) may also be used. The method of the present invention includes performing feature extraction on the image based on an image property (such as edge density), grouping extracted image feature values into facial regions and using a relational template to determine whether a face has been detected.
摘要翻译：本发明体现在一种使用关系模板在非强度图像属性的几何分布上检测图像内的面部的系统和方法。通常，本发明的系统包括用于定义其中搜索面部的子区域的假设模块，用于基于非强度图像属性提取图像特征值图像的特征提取模块，用于将所提取的图像特征值分组为几何分布的面部区域，以及使用关系模板和面部区域来确定是否已经检测到面部的关系模板模块。在优选实施例中，所使用的图像特性是边缘密度，但是也可以使用其它合适的性质（诸如像素颜色）。本发明的方法包括基于图像属性（诸如边缘密度）对图像执行特征提取，将提取的图像特征值分组到面部区域中并使用关系模板来确定是否已经检测到脸部。

125. 发明授权

US06741756B1 System and method for estimating the orientation of an object 有权
标题翻译：用于估计物体的取向的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06741756B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-25
申请号：US09408745
申请日：1999-09-30
申请人： Kentaro Toyama , Ying Wu
发明人： Kentaro Toyama , Ying Wu
IPC分类号： G06K936
CPC分类号： G06K9/00228 , G06T7/75
摘要： The present invention is embodied in a system and method for automatically estimating the orientation or pose of an object, such as a human head, from any viewpoint and includes training and pose estimation modules. The training module uses known head poses for generating observations of the different types of head poses and the pose estimation module receives actual head poses of a subject and uses the training observations to estimate the actual head pose. Namely, the training module receives training data and extracts unique features of the data, projects the features onto corresponding points of a model and determines a probability density function estimation for each model point to produce a trained model. The pose estimation module receives the trained model and an input object and extracts unique input features of the input object, projects the input features onto points of the trained model and determines an orientation of the input object that most likely generates the features extracted from input object.
摘要翻译：本发明体现在用于从任何角度自动估计诸如人类头部的物体的取向或姿态并包括训练和姿态估计模块的系统和方法。训练模块使用已知的头部姿势来产生不同类型的头部姿势的观察，并且姿态估计模块接收受试者的实际头部姿势并且使用训练观察来估计实际头部姿势。也就是说，训练模块接收训练数据并提取数据的独特特征，将特征投影到模型的对应点上，并确定每个模型点的概率密度函数估计以产生训练模型。姿态估计模块接收经过训练的模型和输入对象，并提取输入对象的唯一输入特征，将输入特征投影到训练模型的点上，并确定最有可能生成从输入对象中提取的特征的输入对象的方向。

126. 发明授权

US06548769B2 Circuit breaker 失效
标题翻译：断路器
公开(公告)号：US06548769B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09825874
申请日：2001-04-05
申请人： Koji Nomura , Naoshi Uchida , Katsunori Kuboyama , Tatsunori Takahashi , Kentaro Toyama
发明人： Koji Nomura , Naoshi Uchida , Katsunori Kuboyama , Tatsunori Takahashi , Kentaro Toyama
IPC分类号： H01H300
CPC分类号： H01H71/465
摘要： A circuit breaker includes an opening and closing mechanism section with an opening and closing lever, and an alarm-outputting plate operating in response to a tripping operation. A case for the circuit breaker has a plurality of switch housing sections formed on a top side thereof, in which are installed an auxiliary switch for detecting an ON/OFF state of a main circuit contact and/or an alarm switch for detecting a tripping operation. The opening and closing lever and the alarm-outputting plate have outputting projecting pieces, respectively, laterally spaced apart from each other corresponding to the respective housing sections, for transmitting mechanical output signals to the switches. When the auxiliary and alarm switches are installed, the auxiliary switch is linked to the outputting projecting piece of the opening and closing lever, while the alarm switch is linked to the outputting projecting piece of the alarm-outputting plate. The auxiliary switch and the alarm switch are installed in arbitrary combinations to the circuit breaker.
摘要翻译：断路器包括具有开闭杆的打开和关闭机构部分，以及响应于跳闸操作而操作的报警输出板。断路器的壳体具有形成在其上侧的多个开关壳体部分，其中安装有用于检测主电路触点的接通/断开状态的辅助开关和/或用于检测跳闸操作的报警开关。开关杆和报警输出板具有分别相应于各个壳体部分横向间隔开的输出突出片，用于将机械输出信号传送到开关。当安装辅助和报警开关时，辅助开关连接到开关杆的输出突出片，而报警开关连接到报警输出板的输出突出片。辅助开关和报警开关与断路器任意组合安装。

127. 发明授权

US06229414B1 Make-and-break mechanism for circuit breaker 有权
标题翻译：断路器的断路机构
公开(公告)号：US06229414B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09631478
申请日：2000-08-03
申请人： Kentaro Toyama , Naoshi Uchida , Tatsunori Takahashi , Koji Nomura , Katsunori Kuboyama , Koji Asakawa , Takumi Fujihira , Hisao Kawata , Hiroaki Tosaka
发明人： Kentaro Toyama , Naoshi Uchida , Tatsunori Takahashi , Koji Nomura , Katsunori Kuboyama , Koji Asakawa , Takumi Fujihira , Hisao Kawata , Hiroaki Tosaka
IPC分类号： H01H7312
CPC分类号： H01H71/46 , H01H71/54
摘要： In a make-and-break mechanism for use in a circuit breaker, an alarm output plate 56, which is disposed so as to be slidable in the vertical direction along the frame (cover plate) 27 of the make-and-break mechanism, is secured to the engaging projection 27d of the cover plate 27 through a pair of right and left guide holes 57 formed therein. At the same time, one end of a handle spring 59, which, in the trip operation, is used to rotate an operation handle 26 to a trip display position, is caught on the alarm output plate 56. In case where a latch receiver 47 is driven or rotated by the overcurrent detect portion of the make-and-break mechanism and the secured condition of a latch is thereby removed, the electric circuit of the circuit breaker is broken due to the stored energy of a main spring 64 and, in this case, the alarm output plate 56 is driven or slided in the lateral direction and thus the secured condition of the alarm output plate 56 is removed, so that the alarm output plate 56 is driven in the upward direction due to the spring force of the handle spring 59 to thereby operate an alarm contact.
摘要翻译：在用于断路器的断路机构中，沿着制动和断开机构的框架（盖板）27沿垂直方向设置的报警输出板56，通过形成在其中的一对左右引导孔57固定到盖板27的接合突起27d。同时，在跳闸操作中用于将操作手柄26旋转到跳闸显示位置的手柄弹簧59的一端被卡在报警输出板56上。在闩锁接收器47 由制动中断机构的过电流检测部驱动或旋转，由此闩锁的固定状态被去除，断路器的电路由于主弹簧64的存储能量而损坏，并且在在这种情况下，报警输出板56沿横向被驱动或滑动，从而消除了报警输出板56的固定状态，使得报警输出板56由于弹簧的力手柄弹簧59，从而操作报警触点。

128. 发明授权

US5990434A Switching mechanism for circuit breaker 有权
标题翻译：断路器开关机构
公开(公告)号：US5990434A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US144179
申请日：1998-08-31
申请人： Takumi Fujihira , Tatunori Takahashi , Naoshi Uchida , Katunori Kuboyama , Hiroaki Tosaka , Kentaro Toyama , Koji Nomura , Isamu Nagahiro
发明人： Takumi Fujihira , Tatunori Takahashi , Naoshi Uchida , Katunori Kuboyama , Hiroaki Tosaka , Kentaro Toyama , Koji Nomura , Isamu Nagahiro
IPC分类号： H01H71/12 , H01H71/52 , H01H23/00
CPC分类号： H01H71/525
摘要： A switching mechanism for a circuit breaker includes a frame; a latch rotatably supported on the frame; a holder rotatably supported on the frame and having a movable contact; a handle lever rockably supported on the frame by lever shafts; a toggle link formed of first and second links rotationally connected by a toggle shaft; and a switching spring. A free end of the first link is rotatably connected to the latch, and a free end of the second link is rotatably connected to the holder. The first and second links generally overlap each other to reduce the movement range of the toggle link to miniaturize a switching mechanism. The switching spring is situated between the toggle shaft and the handle lever at a side opposite to a switching handle with respect to the lever shaft. When the handle lever is moved, operational force of the switching spring relative to the toggle link is reversed to rotate the holder with the movable contact, and when the latch is disengaged, the operational force of the switching spring relative to the toggle link is reversed to rapidly rotate the holder to thereby trip the movable contact.
摘要翻译：一种用于断路器的切换机构包括框架; 可旋转地支撑在框架上的闩锁; 可旋转地支撑在框架上并具有可动触头的支架; 手柄杆通过杆轴摇摆地支撑在框架上; 由通过肘杆旋转地连接的第一和第二连杆形成的肘节连杆; 和开关弹簧。第一连杆的自由端可旋转地连接到闩锁，并且第二连杆的自由端可旋转地连接到保持器。第一和第二连杆通常彼此重叠以减小肘节连杆的移动范围以使切换机构小型化。切换弹簧位于肘节轴和手柄杆之间，在相对于杠杆轴的相对于切换手柄的一侧。当手柄杆移动时，切换弹簧相对于肘节连杆的操作力反转，以便可动触头旋转支架，当闩锁脱开时，开关弹簧相对于肘节连杆的操作力反转以快速旋转保持器，从而跳动可动触点。

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