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101. 发明授权

US6067402A Heating unit for vaporizing sample by heating 有权
标题翻译：通过加热使样品蒸发的加热单元
公开(公告)号：US6067402A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-23
申请号：US141524
申请日：1998-08-27
申请人： Fumihide Kikuchi
发明人： Fumihide Kikuchi
IPC分类号： B01D1/00 , B01D3/34 , B01L99/00 , G01N1/00 , G01N5/04 , A01G13/06 , G01N30/02
CPC分类号： G01N5/045 , B01D1/0011 , B01D3/346 , G01N1/22
摘要： A heating unit vaporizes a sample placed in a container having an opening that is hermetically sealed with a rubber gasket and discharges the vaporized constituents to the outside of the container together with a carrier gas. A sample 16, such as an easy-to-vaporize liquid, is placed in a container 1 whose opening 1a is hermetically sealed with a rubber gasket 2a. The container 1 is loaded into a heating tube 8 to extract the vaporizable constituents. The heating tube 8 is equipped with carrier gas introduction tubes 12 having needles 4 with through-holes, a vaporized constituent and carrier gas discharge tube 13 having a needle 5 with a through-hole, and a heater 11. These needles 4 and 5 are arranged to pierce the rubber gasket 2a of the container 1 placed in the heating tube 8.
摘要翻译：加热单元将放置在具有用橡胶垫密封的开口的容器中放置的样品蒸发，并将气化成分与载气一起排出到容器的外部。将样品16，例如容易蒸发的液体放置在容器1中，其开口1a用橡胶垫圈2a气密密封。将容器1装载到加热管8中以提取可汽化的组分。加热管8配备有具有带有通孔的针4的载气引入管12，具有带有通孔的针5的蒸发成分和载气排出管13以及加热器11.这些针4和5是布置成刺穿放置在加热管8中的容器1的橡胶垫圈2a。

102. 发明授权

US5440120A Sampling arrangement for thermal gravimetric analyzer 失效
标题翻译：热重分析仪采样布置
公开(公告)号：US5440120A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-08
申请号：US223163
申请日：1994-04-05
申请人： Dean E. Roberts , Robert L. Wolfe
发明人： Dean E. Roberts , Robert L. Wolfe
IPC分类号： G01N1/00 , G01N5/04 , H01J49/00 , B01D59/44
CPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01N1/22
摘要： A thermal gravimetric analyzer includes a reaction tube disposed within a heating element and including a sample container disposed therein. A reaction gas is introduced at a first end of the reaction tube and allowed to react with the sample, while a purge gas is introduced at a second, opposed end of the reaction tube to isolate a beam system, from which the sample and sample container are suspended, from the reaction gas. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer as well as a mass spectrometer coupled to the reaction tube may be used to analyze the off-gas products of the reaction of the sample with the reaction gas. Sniffer tubes are used to provide off-gas samples to the two spectrometers, with each sniffer tube having a first inlet end disposed immediately adjacent the sample container and a second outlet end coupled to a sample inlet port of a respective spectrometer. The sniffer tubes increase off-gas product measurement sensitivity by reducing the total volume of gas analyzed and increasing the concentration of the off-gas products within the volume of the gas being analyzed.
摘要翻译：热重分析器包括设置在加热元件内并包括设置在其中的样品容器的反应管。在反应管的第一端引入反应气体并使其与样品反应，同时在反应管的第二相对端引入吹扫气体，以分离出束系统，样品和样品容器从反应气体中悬浮。可以使用傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱仪以及耦合到反应管的质谱仪来分析样品与反应气体的反应的废气产物。嗅探管用于向两个光谱仪提供废气样品，每个嗅探管具有紧邻样品容器设置的第一入口端和与相应光谱仪的样品入口相连的第二出口端。嗅探管通过减少分析气体的总体积并增加废气产品在被分析气体体积内的浓度来提高尾气产品测量灵敏度。

103. 发明授权

US5368391A Method and apparatus for high resolution analysis 失效
标题翻译：高分辨率分析方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5368391A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US979168
申请日：1992-11-18
申请人： Benjamin S. Crowe , Steven R. Sauerbrunn
发明人： Benjamin S. Crowe , Steven R. Sauerbrunn
IPC分类号： G01N21/76 , G01N5/04 , G01N25/00 , G01N25/20 , G01N25/48 , G06F17/10 , G06F17/14 , G01N25/18
CPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01N25/4833
摘要： The present invention relates to analytical methods for determining the composition of a material that undergoes a transition as a function of a driving variable. As applied to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), a first preferred embodiment comprises (1) decreasing the heating rate when deviations from a baseline signal are detected; (2) establishing a minimum heating rate; (3) forcing the heating rate to a predetermined maximum whenever the rate of change of the weight change with respect to the temperature falls below a predetermined value; and (4) adjusting the heating rate according to the rate of change of the weight of the sample to track a predetermined rate of change of the weight of the sample. A second preferred embodiment comprises (1) selecting either a high-productivity or a high-resolution mode; (2) in both modes, controlling the rate of temperature increase according to a function containing an exponential term, wherein the argument of the exponential term includes the percent weight change per unit time of the sample; (3) in the high-productivity mode, choosing the function so that when the percentage weight change per minute of the sample is small, the heating rate approaches the maximum allowed heating rate, and when the percentage weight change per minute is very large, the heating rate approaches zero; (4) in the high-resolution mode, choosing the function such that the heating rate is held at almost zero during a transition.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于确定作为驱动变量的函数的经历转变的材料的组成的分析方法。如应用于热重分析（TGA），第一优选实施方案包括（1）当检测到与基线信号的偏离时降低加热速率; （2）建立最低加热速率; （3）当重量变化率相对于温度降低到预定值以下时，强制加热速率达到预定最大值; 和（4）根据样品重量的变化率来调节加热速率以跟踪样品重量的预定变化率。第二优选实施例包括（1）选择高生产率或高分辨率模式; （2），根据包含指数项的函数控制温度升高速率，其中指数项的自变量包括样本每单位时间的百分比重量变化; （3）在高生产率模式下，选择功能使得当样品的每分钟重量变化百分比小时，加热速率接近最大允许加热速率，当每分钟重量变化百分比非常大时，加热速率接近零; （4）在高分辨率模式下，选择功能，使得转换期间加热速率保持在几乎为零。

104. 发明授权

US5321719A Thermogravimetric apparatus 失效
标题翻译：热重仪
公开(公告)号：US5321719A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US67355
申请日：1993-05-26
申请人： Kevin J. Reed , Michael J. Levchak , John W. Schaefer
发明人： Kevin J. Reed , Michael J. Levchak , John W. Schaefer
IPC分类号： G01K1/14 , G01N5/04 , G01N25/00
CPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01K1/143
摘要： The present invention is a thermogravimetric instrument having a ceramic sample support and a ceramic balance beam. The ceramic platform is rigidly attached to the hot end of the ceramic balance beam. An inert metal liner is press fitted into the ceramic sample platform. In a preferred embodiment, a thermocouple is directly attached to the inert metal liner. The thermocouple wires are routed through the length of the ceramic balance beam and are attached to the cold end of the ceramic balance beam with adhesive. The inert metal liner could be fabricated from platinum or from platinum alloys.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种具有陶瓷样品支架和陶瓷平衡梁的热重分析仪器。陶瓷平台刚性地连接到陶瓷平衡梁的热端。将惰性金属衬垫压入陶瓷样品平台。在优选实施例中，热电偶直接连接到惰性金属衬垫。热电偶电线穿过陶瓷平衡梁的长度，并用粘合剂连接到陶瓷平衡梁的冷端。惰性金属衬垫可以由铂或铂合金制成。

105. 发明授权

US5180556A Means of measuring the rate and character of hydrocarbon generation from source rocks using hydrous pyrolysis 失效
标题翻译：使用含水热解法测定源岩烃生成速率和性质的手段
公开(公告)号：US5180556A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-19
申请号：US740744
申请日：1991-08-06
申请人： David G. Nolte , Helen K. Haskin , Edwin L. Colling, Jr.
发明人： David G. Nolte , Helen K. Haskin , Edwin L. Colling, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01N1/44 , G01N5/04
CPC分类号： G01N1/44 , G01N5/04
摘要： A method and apparatus for making a laboratory determination of the rate and type of hydrocarbon generated from a hydrocarbon source utilizes hydrous pyrolysis to generate hydrocarbons from the sample and then utilizes cryogenic methods to remove the fluid portions to a transfer vessel. The gaseous components are removed to a further vessel of known dimensions for determination of weight. The hydrocarbons in the transfer vessel are passed through a dryer to separate the water and their makeup determined. The hydrocarbons remaining in the reactor vessel are removed by working with solvents and their weights are determined after separation and evaporation of the solvents.
摘要翻译：用于对从烃源产生的烃的速率和类型进行实验室测定的方法和装置利用含水热解从样品中产生烃，然后利用低温方法将流体部分除去至转移容器。将气态组分除去至已知尺寸的另一个容器以确定重量。转移容器中的碳氢化合物通过干燥器以分离水并确定它们的化妆品。残留在反应器容器中的烃通过与溶剂一起去除，并且在分离和蒸发溶剂后确定其重量。

106. 发明授权

US5160578A Separating of fibers from a fiber-containing solid sample 失效
标题翻译：从含纤维的固体样品中分离纤维
公开(公告)号：US5160578A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-03
申请号：US513397
申请日：1990-04-23
申请人： Ronald D. Jones , Joseph B. Cross
发明人： Ronald D. Jones , Joseph B. Cross
IPC分类号： G01N1/28 , G01N5/04
CPC分类号： G01N1/4077 , G01N5/04 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/25125 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A method is provided for separating fibers from a solid sample which includes a solid material having fibers embedded therein. A first chamber, containing the sample, and a second chamber are defined within an appropriate vessel(s) such that the first chamber is positioned generally above the second chamber, and a filter is positioned between the chambers. At least one conduit, having at least one valve associated therewith, is further provided which is in fluid communication with the second chamber. Closure of such valve(s) substantially seals the second chamber except for fluid communication of the second chamber with the first chamber through the filter. While the second chamber is in such a sealed condition, digestion liquid is introduced to the first chamber so as to at least partially immerse the sample, whereupon liquid flows through the filter and into the second chamber so as to progressively increase the gas pressure in the second chamber to thereby progressively decrease the flow of liquid into the second chamber. After a predetermined digestion period, the valve(s) is opened to allow withdrawal of gases from the second chamber to thereby reduce the pressure therein and allow liquid remaining in the first chamber to flow into the second chamber.
摘要翻译：提供了一种从固体样品中分离纤维的方法，该固体样品包括其中嵌有纤维的固体材料。包含样品的第一腔室和第二腔室限定在合适的容器内，使得第一腔室大致位于第二腔室的上方，并且过滤器位于腔室之间。还提供至少一个具有与其相关联的至少一个阀的管道，其与第二室流体连通。这种阀的关闭基本上密封第二室，除了第二室与第一室通过过滤器的流体连通之外。当第二室处于这样的密封状态时，将消解液引入第一室，以至少部分地浸没样品，于是液体流过过滤器并进入第二室，以便逐渐增加在第二室中的气体压力从而逐渐减少液体进入第二室的流动。在预定的消化周期之后，打开阀以允许从第二室抽出气体，从而减小其中的压力，并允许残留在第一室中的液体流入第二室。

107. 发明授权

US5082787A Method of performing hydrous pyrolysis for studying the kinetic parameters of hydrocarbons generated from source material 失效
标题翻译：进行含水热解的方法，用于研究源材料产生的烃的动力学参数
公开(公告)号：US5082787A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-21
申请号：US455112
申请日：1989-12-22
申请人： David G. Nolte , Helen K. Haskin , Edwin L. Colling, Jr.
发明人： David G. Nolte , Helen K. Haskin , Edwin L. Colling, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01N1/44 , G01N5/04
CPC分类号： G01N1/44 , G01N5/04 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A method for studying the rate and type of hydrocarbon generated from a hydrocarbon source utilizes hydrous pyrolysis to generate hydrocarbons from the sample and then utilizes cryogenic methods to remove the fluid portions to a transfer vessel. The gaseous components are removed to a further vessel of known dimensions for determination of weight. The hydrocarbons in the transfer vessel are passed through a dryer to separate the water and their makeup determined. The hydrocarbons remaining in the reactor vessel are removed by working with solvents and their weights are determined after separation and evaporation of the solvents.
摘要翻译：用于研究从烃源产生的烃的速率和类型的方法利用含水热解从样品中产生烃，然后利用低温方法将流体部分除去至转移容器。将气态组分除去至已知尺寸的另一个容器以确定重量。转移容器中的碳氢化合物通过干燥器以分离水并确定它们的化妆品。残留在反应器容器中的烃通过与溶剂一起去除，并且在分离和蒸发溶剂后确定其重量。

108. 发明授权

US5064009A Device for the determination of dry substance 失效
标题翻译：用于测定干物质的装置
公开(公告)号：US5064009A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-12
申请号：US558461
申请日：1990-07-27
申请人： Franz-Josef Melcher , Thomas Pertsch , Wilfried Spannagel , Christian Oldendorf
发明人： Franz-Josef Melcher , Thomas Pertsch , Wilfried Spannagel , Christian Oldendorf
IPC分类号： G01N5/04
CPC分类号： G01N5/045
摘要： A device for the determination of dry substance of specimens consists of a microwave heater (10) and of a balance (5) whose balance scale (4) is located within the microwave heating area (7). This device includes a rotary disk (1) located within the microwave heating area (7) which disk can receive several specimen containers (2) and by elevating means which can raise and lower one of the specimen containers (2) from the rotary disk (1) and place it on the balance scale (4). The elevating means consists e.g. of a lifting device (11) for the rotary disk (1).
摘要翻译：用于测定样品干物质的装置由微波加热器（10）和余量（4）位于微波加热区域（7）内的天平（5）组成。该装置包括位于微波加热区域（7）内的旋转盘（1），该盘可以容纳几个样本容器（2），并且可以通过升降装置将升高和降低的样本容器（2）从旋转盘 1）并将其放在平衡表（4）上。升降装置包括的用于旋转盘（1）的提升装置（11）。

109. 发明授权

US4914297A Infrared spectrometer interface for thermogravimetric analysis 失效
标题翻译：用于热重分析的红外光谱仪界面
公开(公告)号：US4914297A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US137452
申请日：1987-12-23
申请人： Richard C. Wieboldt , Gregory E. Adams
发明人： Richard C. Wieboldt , Gregory E. Adams
IPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01N21/35
CPC分类号： G01N5/04 , G01N21/3504
摘要： A thermogravimetric analysis flow cell interface unit has an elongated tubular cell body, glass inlet and outlet transfer lines integrally connected to the cell body for flowing a gas therethrough, a window element for allowing passage of an infrared radiation beam into and out of the cell body, and a mirror element for reflecting the radiation beam back through the cell body. The mirror element and the window element are assembled to the cell body in such a manner that the entire unit may be quickly disassembled and reassembled for easy cleaning and replacement. The flow cell assembly is adapted to interface a thermogravimetric analyzer and an infrared spectrometer.
摘要翻译：热重分析流动池接口单元具有细长的管状电池体，与电池主体一体连接的玻璃入口和出口传输线，用于使气体流过其中，用于允许红外辐射束进入和离开电池体的窗口元件以及用于将辐射束反射回电池主体的反射镜元件。镜子元件和窗体元件以这样的方式组装到电池体上，使得整个单元可以被快速拆卸和重新组装以便于清洁和更换。流动池组件适于接合热重分析仪和红外光谱仪。

110. 发明授权

US4897176A Method of preparing baseoil blend of predetermined coking tendency 失效
标题翻译：制备预定焦化倾向的基油混合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4897176A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-30
申请号：US876460
申请日：1986-06-20
申请人： Ghazi B. Dickakian
发明人： Ghazi B. Dickakian
IPC分类号： C10L1/04 , G01N5/04
CPC分类号： C10L1/04 , G01N5/04 , Y10T436/21
摘要： A process for preparing a baseoil blend of predetermined coking tendency, and for measuring the effectiveness of additives for reducing coking tendency in baseoils, utilizing the relationship of the content of volatile fractions and how boiling fractions in baseoil to the onset and/or progression of asphaltene formation.
摘要翻译：一种制备具有预定焦化趋势的基础油混合物的方法，并且用于测量添加剂降低焦油焦化趋势的有效性，利用挥发性馏分的含量与底油中沸腾馏分与沥青质的起始和/或进展之间的关系形成。

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