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    • 92. 发明授权
    • Automatic milking
    • 自动挤奶
    • US5479876A
    • 1996-01-02
    • US167996
    • 1994-05-06
    • Michael J. StreetToby T. F. MottramArthur L. WilkinRobert C. Hall
    • Michael J. StreetToby T. F. MottramArthur L. WilkinRobert C. Hall
    • A01J7/00A01J5/017
    • A01J5/0175
    • An arrangement for the automatic application of milking apparatus to a milk animal including a milking apparatus store, a milking apparatus handling device including a milking apparatus carrier movable on the device and a teat sensor on the handling device together with at least one animal position sensor and a control unit responsive to the animal and teat sensor to operate the handling device, the arrangement being such that when an animal is sensed to be in milking position the control unit operates the handling device to take milking apparatus for a teat of the animal from the store in the carrier to a specific teat with the carrier moved to a sideways offset at a selected angle to the device and the teat sensor in range of the teat.
    • PCT No.PCT / GB92 / 01110 Sec。 371日期:1994年5月6日 102(e)日期1994年5月6日PCT 1994年5月31日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 00001 日期:1993年7月1日。一种用于将挤奶设备自动应用于包括挤奶设备存储在内的牛奶动物的设备,挤奶设备处理设备,包括可在设备上移动的挤奶设备载体和处理设备上的奶头传感器,以及 至少一个动物位置传感器和控制单元,其响应于动物和乳头传感器来操作处理装置,该装置使得当动物被感测到处于挤奶位置时,控制单元操作处理装置以采取挤奶装置 动物的奶头从载体中的商店到特定的乳头,其中载体移动到与乳头的范围内的装置和乳头传感器成一定角度的侧向偏移。
    • 99. 发明授权
    • Cryogenic cooling apparatus
    • 低温冷却装置
    • US5317878A
    • 1994-06-07
    • US923901
    • 1992-08-20
    • Thomas W. BradshawAnna H. Orlowska
    • Thomas W. BradshawAnna H. Orlowska
    • F25B9/02F25B9/00F25D17/02F25B19/02
    • F25D17/02F25B9/00
    • The invention provides a controlled connection, or heat switch, between a source of cryogenic cooling and an item which is to be cooled, using control valve means which is not itself subjected to the cryogenic temperatures involved. In one aspect, the invention provides cooling means, comprising a source of flow of a fluid, a supply line for supplying fluid from said source to a first heat exchanger, where it is cooled by a source of cryogenic cooling, and thereafter to a second heat exchanger where it is in heat-exchanging relationship with an item to be cooled by the cryogenic cooling source, and a return line for return flow of the fluid from the second heat exchanger to the fluid flow source, the return line and the supply line between the fluid flow source and the first heat exchanger being in heat exchange relationship with one another in a third heat exchanger, wherein between the fluid flow source and the third heat exchanger there is included in the supply line or the return line a control valve whereby the flow of fluid through the supply line and from the first to the second heat exchanger can be controlled. One embodiment is constituted by a multi-stage cryogenic cooling apparatus having a closed-loop Joule-Thomson expansion the compressor via a low-pressure return line), and a Joule-Thomson stage heat exchanger in which the high-pressure line and the low-pressure return line are in heat-exchanging relationship, and the pre-cooler stage being arranged to pre-cool gas in the high-pressure line before it enters the Joule-Thomson stage heat exchanger, wherein the high-pressure gas line of the Joule-Thomson stage is provided, upstream of its interaction with the pre-cooler stage, with a branch leading through a bypass valve.
    • PCT No.PCT / GB91 / 00311 Sec。 371日期:1992年8月20日 102(e)日期1992年8月20日PCT 1991年2月28日PCT PCT。 公开号WO91 / 14141 日期1991年9月19日。本发明提供了一种受控制的连接或热开关,在低温冷却源和待冷却的物品之间,使用不受其所涉及的低温温度的控制阀装置。 在一个方面,本发明提供了冷却装置,其包括流体源,用于将流体从所述源供应到第一热交换器的供应管线,在那里通过低温冷却源冷却,然后到第二 热交换器,其与待冷却的物品与低温冷却源处于热交换关系;以及返回管线,用于将流体从第二热交换器返回到流体流动源,回流管线和供应管线 在所述流体流动源和所述第一热交换器之间在第三热交换器中彼此处于热交换关系中,其中在所述流体流动源和所述第三热交换器之间包括在所述供应管线或所述返回管路中的控制阀, 可以控制通过供应管线和从第一到第二热交换器的流体流动。 一个实施例由多级低温冷却装置构成,其具有通过低压回流管线将压缩机经由闭环焦耳汤姆逊膨胀)和焦耳 - 汤姆逊级热交换器,其中高压管路和低压管路 压力回流管线处于热交换关系,并且预冷器阶段被布置成在进入焦耳 - 汤姆逊级热交换器之前将高压管线中的气体预冷却,其中高压气体管线 焦耳汤姆逊阶段在与预冷器阶段相互作用的上游提供,分支通过旁通阀。
    • 100. 发明授权
    • Femoral component, tool and method
    • 股骨部件,工具和方法
    • US5314482A
    • 1994-05-24
    • US789772
    • 1991-11-08
    • John W. GoodfellowJohn J. O'Connor
    • John W. GoodfellowJohn J. O'Connor
    • A61B17/14A61B17/16A61B17/17A61F2/38A61F2/46
    • A61B17/1675A61B17/1637A61B17/1764A61F2/3859A61F2002/3895
    • A prosthetic femoral component (40) for the knee joint has a body (41,42) defined between elongate articulation and securement surfaces (43; 44,45), the articulation surface (43) being convexly spherically shaped and the securement surface having major and minor areas at opposite end portions, the major area (44) being essentially concavely spherically concentric with the articulation surface to form a shell body part (41), and the minor area (45) being essentially planar extending chordally of the articulation surface. A bone-penetrating pin (46) preferably extends radially from the major securement surface area in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the neighbouring minor area. A related surgical tool (50) for shaping the femoral condyle has a rotary cutter (52) to provide a cut bone surface complementing the component major area, and a guide spigot (53) projecting adjustably coaxially within the cutter.
    • 用于膝关节的假体股骨部件(40)具有限定在细长关节和固定表面(43,44,55)之间的主体(41,42),所述关节运动表面(43)是凸形球形的,并且固定表面具有主要 和相对端部分的次要区域,所述主区域(44)基本上与所述关节表面凹入球形同心,以形成壳体部分(41),并且所述次要区域(45)基本上平行地延伸到所述关节表面的弦状。 骨穿刺销(46)优选地从主要固定表面区域沿与相邻次要区域的纵向方向平行的方向径向延伸。 用于成形股骨髁的相关外科手术工具(50)具有旋转切割器(52),以提供补充部件主要区域的切割骨表面,以及可在切割器内同轴地突出的引导插口(53)。