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    • 93. 发明授权
    • Process for production of high-manganese iron alloy by smelting reduction
    • 通过冶炼还原生产高锰铁合金的工艺
    • US4662937A
    • 1987-05-05
    • US737406
    • 1985-05-24
    • Hiroyuki KatayamaHidetake IshikawaMasatoshi KuwabaraHiroyuki KajiokaMasaki FujitaKenji ShibataYoshiaki TamuraTakashi Shimanuki
    • Hiroyuki KatayamaHidetake IshikawaMasatoshi KuwabaraHiroyuki KajiokaMasaki FujitaKenji ShibataYoshiaki TamuraTakashi Shimanuki
    • C21C5/35C22C33/00C22B47/00
    • C22C33/003C21C5/35
    • There is provided a process for producing a high-manganese iron alloy from a manganese ore and/or a pre-reduced product thereof in a top and bottom blown converter type reaction vessel holding molten iron or a molten manganese iron alloy, together with a molten slag, said molten iron or alloy and said molten slag being the products of a separate smelting furnace, gas being blown into said vessel through a bottom blowing nozzle, said process comprising charging said vessel with a supply of raw materials including at least one source of manganese and iron selected from a manganese ore containing manganese oxide and iron oxide and a pre-reduced product thereof, a solid carbonaceous substance and a slag forming agent, while simultaneously blowing gas selected from oxygen and a gas containing oxygen into said vessel through a top blowing lance to burn said carbonaceous substance so as to heat, melt and reduce said raw materials to form a melt containing manganese oxide and iron oxide; supplying an additional carbonaceous substance into said melt to reduce said manganese oxide and said iron oxide to form a molten high-manganese iron alloy and a molten slag, discontinuing said blowing of gas through said top blowing lance, and removing said molten high-manganese iron alloy and said molten slag from said vessel, said molten alloy being used for casting.
    • 本发明提供一种在含有铁水或熔融锰铁合金的顶部和底部转化型反应容器中从锰矿石和/或其预还原产物生产高锰铁合金的方法,以及熔融 熔渣,所述熔融铁或合金,所述熔融炉渣是单独熔炼炉的产物,气体通过底吹喷嘴吹入所述容器中,所述方法包括向原料供应原料,该原料包括至少一种 选自含有锰氧化物和氧化铁的锰矿及其预还原产物,固体碳质物质和成渣剂的锰和铁,同时通过顶部将从氧气和含氧气体中选出的气体吹入所述容器中 吹枪吹烧所述碳质物质,以加热,熔化和还原所述原料以形成含有氧化锰和氧化铁的熔体; 向所述熔体中提供另外的碳质物质以减少所述氧化锰和所述氧化铁以形成熔融的高锰铁合金和熔渣,停止通过所述顶吹喷枪吹入气体,并且除去所述熔融的高锰铁 合金和来自所述容器的所述熔渣,所述熔融合金用于铸造。
    • 99. 发明授权
    • Piezoelectric thin film element, and piezoelectric thin film device
    • 压电薄膜元件和压电薄膜器件
    • US08310136B2
    • 2012-11-13
    • US12814544
    • 2010-06-14
    • Kazufumi SuenagaKenji ShibataHideki SatoAkira Nomoto
    • Kazufumi SuenagaKenji ShibataHideki SatoAkira Nomoto
    • H01L41/187
    • H01L41/316H01L41/1873
    • A piezoelectric thin film element, comprising a piezoelectric thin film lamination with at least a lower electrode, a piezoelectric thin film represented by a general formula (NaxKyLiz)NbO3 (0≦x 1≦, 0≦y≦1, 0≦z≦0.2, x+y+z=1), and an upper electrode disposed on a substrate, wherein the piezoelectric thin film has a crystal structure of a pseudo-cubic crystal or a tetragonal crystal or an orthorhombic crystal, or has a composition in which one of these crystals exists or at least two or more of them coexist, and is preferentially oriented to a specific axis smaller than or equal to two axes of these crystals, and in the ratio of component (001) to component (111), volume fraction of the component (001) falls within a range of 60% or more and 100% or less, and the volume fraction of the component (111) falls within a range of 0% or more and 40% or less, in a case that the total of the component (001) and the component (111) is set to be 100%.
    • 一种压电薄膜元件,包括具有至少一个下电极的压电薄膜层压体,由通式(NaxKyLiz)NbO 3表示的压电薄膜(0& nlE; x 1≦̸ 0≦̸ y≦̸ 1,0& nlE; z≦̸ 0.2 ,x + y + z = 1),以及设置在基板上的上电极,其中,所述压电薄膜具有假立方晶体或四方晶体或正交晶体的晶体结构,或者具有其中一个 存在这些晶体,或者其中至少两种以上共存,并且优选地定向为小于或等于这些晶体的两个轴的特定轴,并且以组分(001)与组分(111)的比例,体积分数 的组分(001)的含量在60%以上且100%以下的范围内,成分(111)的体积分数在0%以上且40%以下的范围内,在 组分(001)和组分(111)的总和被设置为100%。