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91. 发明授权

US07992070B2 Bit-interleaved LDPC-coded modulation for high-speed optical transmission 有权
标题翻译：用于高速光传输的位交织LDPC编码调制
公开(公告)号：US07992070B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-02
申请号：US11950757
申请日：2007-12-05
申请人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Milorad Cvjetic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
发明人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Milorad Cvjetic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H03M13/255 , H03M13/11 , H04L25/03171 , H04L25/067 , H04L27/183 , H04L27/186 , H04L2025/03611
摘要： A transmitter includes a plurality of encoders configured to receive source bit streams from m information sources, each of the plurality encoders including identical (n,k) low-density parity check (LDPC) codes of code rate r=k/n, where k is a number of information bits and n is codeword length. An interleaver is configured to collect m row-wise codewords from the plurality of encoders, and a mapper is configured to receive m bits at a time column-wise from the interleaver and to determine an M-ary signal constellation point. A modulator is configured to modulate a light source in accordance with the output of the mapper at a transmission rate Rs/r (Rs—the symbol rate, r—-the code rate). A receiver and transmission and receiving methods are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：发射机包括被配置为从m个信息源接收源比特流的多个编码器，多个编码器中的每一个包括码率为r = k / n的相同（n，k）个低密度奇偶校验码（LDPC）码，其中k 是多个信息位，n是码字长度。交织器被配置为从多个编码器收集m个逐行码字，并且映射器被配置为从交织器逐列地接收m个比特，并且确定M元信号星座点。调制器被配置为根据映射器的输出以传输速率Rs / r（Rs-符号率，r-码率）调制光源。还公开了接收机和发送和接收方法。

92. 发明授权

US07991070B2 Wavelength transmission system and method using 3-dimensional LDPC-coded modulation 有权
标题翻译：波长传输系统和使用三维LDPC编码调制的方法
公开(公告)号：US07991070B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-02
申请号：US12050507
申请日：2008-03-18
申请人： Hussam G. Batshon , Ivan B. Djordjevic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang , Milorad Cvijetic
发明人： Hussam G. Batshon , Ivan B. Djordjevic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang , Milorad Cvijetic
IPC分类号： H04L27/04 , H04L27/227 , H04B10/145 , H04B10/148
CPC分类号： H04L27/3416 , H04L1/005 , H04L1/0057 , H04L1/0071 , H04L25/03178 , H04L25/067 , H04L2025/03611
摘要： A transmitter and method include a LDPC encoder configured to encode source data, and a mapper configured to generate three coordinates in accordance with a 3D signal constellation where the coordinates include an amplitude coordinate and two phase coordinates. A laser source is modulated in accordance with each of the three coordinates to provide a transmission signal. A receiver, includes a demapper receives an input signal from three branches to demap the input signal using a three-dimensional signal constellation having three coordinates. The three branches include a direct detection branch, and two coherent detection branches such that the direct detection branch detects an amplitude coordinate of the input signal and the two coherent detection branches detect in-phase and quadrature coordinates of the input signal. A bit prediction module and at least one LDPC decoder are configured to iteratively decode bits by feeding back extrinsic LLRs to the demapper.
摘要翻译：发射机和方法包括被配置为对源数据进行编码的LDPC编码器，以及映射器，被配置为根据其中坐标包括振幅坐标和两个相位坐标的3D信号星座生成三个坐标。根据三个坐标中的每一个调制激光源，以提供发送信号。接收机包括解映射器，接收来自三个分支的输入信号，以使用具有三个坐标的三维信号星座对输入信号进行解映射。三个分支包括直接检测分支和两个相干检测分支，使得直接检测分支检测输入信号的幅度坐标，并且两个相干检测分支检测输入信号的同相和正交坐标。比特预测模块和至少一个LDPC解码器被配置为通过将外部LLR反馈到解映射器来迭代地解码比特。

93. 发明申请

US20100247104A1 Optical Communication System and Method for Generating Dark Return-to-Zero and DWDM Optical MM-Wave Generation For ROF Downstream link using Optical Phase Modulator and Optical Interleaver 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于通过光相位调制器和光交错器生成用于ROF下行链路的深色归零和DWDM光学MM波生成的光通信系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100247104A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-30
申请号：US12698688
申请日：2010-02-02
申请人： Jianjun Yu , Lei Xu , Philip Nan Ji , Ting Wang
发明人： Jianjun Yu , Lei Xu , Philip Nan Ji , Ting Wang
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/508 , H04B10/2575 , H04B10/505 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/0256
摘要： A method of generating a dark-RZ pulse in an optical communications system with a dual-arm modulator by setting a direct current bias on the modulator to a specific value such that an output optical power from the modulator achieves a maximum value when the RF signals on the first and second arms of the modulator are off and maintaining the direct current bias at the specific value and applying RF signals to the first and second arms of the modulator and delaying one of the RF signals applied to one of the first and second arms relative to the other of the RF signals such that a dark-RZ pulse is generated with a duty cycle based on the delay. Another aspect of the invention provides a method for generating dense wave division multiplexing (DWDM) optical mm-waves in an optical transmission system by phase modulated DWDM optical signal and applying the phase modulated DWDM optical signal to an input port of an optical interleaver, the optical interleaver having a specified bandwidth to suppress the optical carriers and convert the DWDM optical signal to DWDM optical mm-waves; and amplifying the DWDM optical mm-waves and transmitting the DWDM optical mm-waves over single mode fiber (SMF).
摘要翻译：一种在具有双臂调制器的光通信系统中通过将调制器上的直流偏置设置为特定值来产生暗RZ脉冲的方法，使得来自调制器的输出光功率在RF信号在调制器的第一和第二臂处关闭并将直流偏压保持在特定值并且将RF信号施加到调制器的第一和第二臂并且延迟施加到第一和第二臂之一的RF信号之一相对于RF信号中的另一个，使得以基于延迟的占空比产生暗RZ脉冲。本发明的另一方面提供了一种通过相位调制DWDM光信号在光传输系统中产生密集波分复用（DWDM）光学毫米波的方法，并将相位调制的DWDM光信号应用于光交织器的输入端口，具有指定带宽的光交错器以抑制光载波并将DWDM光信号转换为DWDM光学毫米波; 并放大DWDM光学毫米波，并通过单模光纤（SMF）传输DWDM光学毫米波。

94. 发明申请

US20100232804A1 METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR POLARIZATION MULTIPLEXED MULTILEVEL MODULATION FOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATION 有权
标题翻译：用于光学通信的极化多路复用多路调制的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20100232804A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-16
申请号：US12535329
申请日：2009-08-04
申请人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Lybomir L. Minkov , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
发明人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Lybomir L. Minkov , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , H03K5/159 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06
CPC分类号： H04L1/005 , H04B10/60 , H04L1/0047 , H04L25/03203 , H04L25/03318 , H04L27/3488 , H04L2025/03375
摘要： Multilevel soft-equalizer detectors, such as a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) detector, suitable for use in polarization multiplexed optical communications using multilevel modulations and coherent detection are disclosed. Detection systems and methods may consider two symbols transmitted over two orthogonal polarization states as a two-component symbol, which is effective in eliminating the bit error ratio (BER) floor phenomenon introduced by conventional soft equalizers.
摘要翻译：公开了适用于使用多级调制和相干检测的偏振复用光通信中的多级软均衡器检测器，例如最大后验概率（MAP）检测器。检测系统和方法可以将以两个正交极化状态发送的两个符号视为双分量符号，这有效消除了常规软均衡器引入的误码率（BER）的现象。

95. 发明申请

US20090228766A1 Simulatenous PMD Compensation and Chromatic Dispersion Compensation Using LDPC Coded OFDM 有权
标题翻译：使用LDPC编码OFDM的Simulatenous PMD补偿和色散补偿
公开(公告)号：US20090228766A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-10
申请号：US12043348
申请日：2008-03-06
申请人： Ivan Djordjevic , Ting Wang , Lei Xu , Milorad Cvijetic
发明人： Ivan Djordjevic , Ting Wang , Lei Xu , Milorad Cvijetic
IPC分类号： H03M13/05 , G06F11/07
CPC分类号： H03M13/2957 , H03M13/1102 , H03M13/1111 , H03M13/6325 , H04B10/2513 , H04B10/2569 , H04B10/697
摘要： A method includes estimating quadrature amplitude modulated QAM symbols in an LDPC encoded OFDM signal for transmission, performing channel estimation by training sequence to determine channel coefficients in reception of the LDPC encoded OFDM signal; and obtaining channel information detection and decoding of the LDPC encoded signal.
摘要翻译：一种方法包括估计用于传输的LDPC编码OFDM信号中的正交幅度调制QAM符号，通过训练序列执行信道估计，以确定在接收LDPC编码的OFDM信号中的信道系数; 并获得LDPC编码信号的信道信息检测和解码。

96. 发明申请

US20090177945A1 POLARIZATION MODE DISPERSION COMPENSATION USING BCJR EQUALIZER AND ITERATIVE LDPC DECODING 有权
标题翻译：使用BCJR均衡器和迭代LDPC解码的极化模式分散补偿
公开(公告)号：US20090177945A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-09
申请号：US11950720
申请日：2007-12-05
申请人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Milorad Cvjetic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
发明人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Milorad Cvjetic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H03M13/2957 , H03M13/1102 , H03M13/116 , H03M13/3905 , H03M13/6331 , H04B10/2569 , H04B10/58 , H04B10/6971
摘要： A turbo equalizer includes a Bahl-Cocke-Jelinek-Raviv (BCJR) equalizer configured to receive a transmitted signal and partially cancel inter-symbol interference (ISI) due to polarization-mode dispersion (PMD). A low-density parity check (LDPC) decoder is coupled to the BCJR equalizer to receive channel bit reliabilities therefrom. The LDPC decoder iteratively provides extrinsic soft information feedback to the BCJR equalizer to compensate for PMD.
摘要翻译：一个Turbo均衡器包括一个Bahl-Cocke-Jelinek-Raviv（BCJR）均衡器，配置成接收发射信号，并部分地消除由于偏振模色散（PMD）引起的符号间干扰（ISI）。低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）解码器耦合到BCJR均衡器以从其接收信道位可靠性。 LDPC解码器向BCJR均衡器迭代地提供外部软信息反馈以补偿PMD。

97. 发明申请

US20090016739A1 PATTERN EFFECT REDUCTION OF OPTICAL SIGNALS 审中-公开
标题翻译：模式影响光信号的降低
公开(公告)号：US20090016739A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-15
申请号：US11830987
申请日：2007-07-31
申请人： Jianjun Yu , Lei Xu , Philip Nan Ji , Ting Wang
发明人： Jianjun Yu , Lei Xu , Philip Nan Ji , Ting Wang
IPC分类号： H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/25073
摘要： A passive optical equalizer and a predistortion technique are employed to reduce pattern effect in optical signals which result from narrow filtering.
摘要翻译：采用无源光学均衡器和预失真技术来减少由窄滤波引起的光信号中的图案效应。

98. 发明申请

US20080163025A1 BIT-INTERLEAVED LDPC-CODED MODULATION FOR HIGH-SPEED OPTICAL TRANSMISSION 有权
标题翻译：用于高速光传输的双字交叉LDPC编码调制
公开(公告)号：US20080163025A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-03
申请号：US11950757
申请日：2007-12-05
申请人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Milorad Cvjetic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
发明人： Ivan B. Djordjevic , Milorad Cvjetic , Lei Xu , Ting Wang
IPC分类号： H03M13/05 , G06F11/10
CPC分类号： H03M13/255 , H03M13/11 , H04L25/03171 , H04L25/067 , H04L27/183 , H04L27/186 , H04L2025/03611
摘要： A transmitter includes a plurality of encoders configured to receive source bit streams from m information sources, each of the plurality encoders including identical (n,k) low-density parity check (LDPC) codes of code rate r=k/n, where k is a number of information bits and n is codeword length. An interleaver is configured to collect m row-wise codewords from the plurality of encoders, and a mapper is configured to receive m bits at a time column-wise from the interleaver and to determine an M-ary signal constellation point. A modulator is configured to modulate a light source in accordance with the output of the mapper at a transmission rate Rs/r (Rs—the symbol rate, r—the code rate). A receiver and transmission and receiving methods are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：发射机包括被配置为从m个信息源接收源比特流的多个编码器，多个编码器中的每一个包括码率为r = k / n的相同（n，k）个低密度奇偶校验码（LDPC）码，其中k 是多个信息位，n是码字长度。交织器被配置为从多个编码器收集m个逐行码字，并且映射器被配置为从交织器逐列地接收m个比特，并且确定M元信号星座点。调制器被配置为根据映射器的输出以传输速率R / R（R s） - 符号率r-调制光源码率）。还公开了接收机和发送和接收方法。

99. 发明申请

US20060232848A1 Colorless Differential Phase Shift Keyed and Low Crosstalk Demodulators 审中-公开
标题翻译：无色差分相移键控和低串扰解调器
公开(公告)号：US20060232848A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-19
申请号：US11279767
申请日：2006-04-14
申请人： Lei Xu , Ting Wang , Philip Ji , Lei Zong , Milorad Cvijetic
发明人： Lei Xu , Ting Wang , Philip Ji , Lei Zong , Milorad Cvijetic
IPC分类号： G02F2/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/66
摘要： A new differential phase-shift-keyed demodulator is disclosed which can achieve signal demodulation at different wavelengths on ITU grids without requiring active thermal tuning. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a low-crosstalk demodulator is disclosed which reduces channel leakage by placing neighboring channels at non-optimal interference positions. A demodulator in accordance with the invention may be deployed in a WDM optical system.
摘要翻译：公开了一种新的差分相移键控解调器，其可以在ITU网格上实现不同波长的信号解调，而不需要主动热调谐。根据本发明的另一方面，公开了一种低串扰解调器，其通过将相邻信道置于非最佳干扰位置来减少信道泄漏。根据本发明的解调器可以部署在WDM光学系统中。

100. 外观设计

USD1044008S1 Facial steamer 有权
公开(公告)号：USD1044008S1
公开(公告)日：2024-09-24
申请号：US29746514
申请日：2020-08-14
申请人： Lei Xu
设计人： Lei Xu
摘要： FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a facial steamer showing my new design;
FIG. 2 is other perspective view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a front view thereof;
FIG. 4 is a back view thereof;
FIG. 5 is a right-side view thereof;
FIG. 6 is a left-side view thereof;
FIG. 7 is a top view thereof; and,
FIG. 8 is a bottom view thereof.
The broken lines shown in figures illustrate portions of the facial steamer that form no part of the claimed design.

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