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91. 发明授权

US4933883A Probability adaptation for arithmetic coders 失效
公开(公告)号：US4933883A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US193170
申请日：1988-05-03
申请人： William B. Pennebaker , Joan L. Mitchell
发明人： William B. Pennebaker , Joan L. Mitchell
IPC分类号： H03M7/40
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： The present invention relates to computer apparatus and methodology for adapting the value of a probability of the occurrence of a first of two binary symbols which includes (a) maintaining a count of the number k of occurrences of the first symbol; (b) maintaining a total count of the number n of occurrences of all symbols; (c) selecting confidence limits for the probability; and (d) when the probability is outside the confidence limits, effectuating a revision in the value of the probability directed toward restoring confidence in the probability value. The number of allowed probabilities is, optionally, less than the total number of possible probabilities given the probability precision. Moreover, an approximation is employed which limits the number of probabilities to which a current probability can be changed, thereby enabling the probability adaptation to be implemented as a deterministic finite state machine.

92. 发明授权

US4885576A Soft copy display of facsimile images 失效
标题翻译：传真图像的软拷贝显示
公开(公告)号：US4885576A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US847376
申请日：1986-04-02
申请人： William B. Pennebaker , Joan L. Mitchell , Frederick C. Mintzer
发明人： William B. Pennebaker , Joan L. Mitchell , Frederick C. Mintzer
IPC分类号： H04N1/00 , G06T3/40 , G09G3/00 , G09G3/20 , G09G5/34 , G09G5/36 , G09G5/39 , G09G5/395 , H04N1/387 , H04N1/40
CPC分类号： H04N1/40068 , G06T3/40 , G09G5/36 , H04N1/3872 , H04N1/40 , H04N1/40075 , G09G2340/02
摘要： Digital data defining images are stored in a multiplane buffer. The buffer may store plural images by restricting data corresponding to an image or image portion to storage in less than half the bit planes of the buffer. An image is displayed by reading data from the buffer and selectively passing only a portion of the data read to a display. The data defining the images may be converted from facsimile (single bit per pixel) to gray scale format (multiple bits per pel) before being written to the buffer. The conversion relies on a table storing data definitive of the effect, on the image, of a facsimile transition (1/0 ot 0/1) as a function of the location of the transition. Conversion from facsimile to gray scale is effected by examining the facsimile data for data transmission and summing the effect of each of the transitions to convert a segment of facsimile data to gray scale data.A system is also disclosed for rapidly converting an image in run-end form to a reduced-resolution gray-tone image.
摘要翻译：定义图像的数字数据存储在多平面缓冲器中。缓冲器可以通过将对应于图像或图像部分的数据限制在不到缓冲器的一半比特平面中来存储多个图像。通过从缓冲器读取数据并且仅选择性地将读取的数据的一部分传送到显示器来显示图像。在写入缓冲器之前，定义图像的数据可以从传真（每像素单位）转换为灰度级格式（每像素多位）。该转换依赖于存储作为转换位置的函数的传真转换（1/0 ot 0/1）的图像效果的数据的表。通过检查用于数据传输的传真数据并将每个转换的效果相加并将一组传真数据转换为灰度数据来实现从传真到灰度级的转换。还公开了一种用于将跑步形式的图像快速转换为降低分辨率灰度色调图像的系统。

93. 发明授权

US4799105A Modified technique for suppression of flicker in interlaced video images 失效
标题翻译：用于抑制交错视频图像中闪烁的修改技术
公开(公告)号：US4799105A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-17
申请号：US97371
申请日：1987-09-16
申请人： Joan L. Mitchell , William B. Pennebaker
发明人： Joan L. Mitchell , William B. Pennebaker
IPC分类号： H04N5/20 , H04N5/44 , H04N5/14
CPC分类号： H04N7/0132 , H04N5/20 , Y10S348/91
摘要： A method for suppressing the perception of flicker in interlaced video images, includes the steps of: testing, each pixel in an image, for an intensity value below a first predetermined threshold; modifying, for each tested pixel, an intensity value representation for each nearest neighbor pixel along a first axis of said interlaced image having an intensity value exceeding a second predetermined threshold, if the intensity value of the tested pixel is below the first predetermined threshold; displaying, on a video display device, an interlaced image generated by the steps of testing and modifying, having a suppressed perception of flicker.
摘要翻译：一种用于抑制隔行视频图像中的闪烁感知的方法，包括以下步骤：测试图像中的每个像素的强度值低于第一预定阈值; 如果所述被测试像素的强度值低于所述第一预定阈值，则针对每个测试像素，修改具有强度值超过第二预定阈值的所述隔行图像的第一轴的每个最近邻像素的强度值表示; 在视频显示装置上显示通过测试和修改步骤生成的具有抑制的闪烁感觉的隔行扫描图像。

94. 发明授权

US4658430A System for rotating binary images 失效
标题翻译：旋转二进制图像的系统
公开(公告)号：US4658430A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-14
申请号：US686788
申请日：1984-12-27
申请人： Karen L. Anderson , Joan L. Mitchell
发明人： Karen L. Anderson , Joan L. Mitchell
IPC分类号： G06F3/153 , G06F3/14 , G06T3/60 , G06T11/00 , G09G5/36 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T3/602 , G06T3/606
摘要： A method and apparatus for converting an image in run representation form into a raster image which is rotated by some multiple of 90.degree. from the orientation of the original image is disclosed wherein the original image data which is stored in run end or run length form may be divided and stored in discontiguous blocks. In implementing a 90.degree. rotation, the image data is conceptually divided into vertical strips, each of which is independently rotated to create a horizontal strip of the output image. The rotation process is carried out by firstly converting the run representation image data to raster form, dividing the data in each row among a number of intermediate buffers, each of which contains the data from one vertical strip of the original image. The contents of each buffer are rotated and rearranged in an available buffer to form a horizontal strip of the rotated image ready for raster readout. Similarly, a convenient method of rotating the input image 180.degree. is also described wherein the original image is read in run representation form a row at a time and the rows are converted to raster form and placed in storage in reverse order, with the order of the bits in each row also reversed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于将运行表示形式的图像转换成从原始图像的方向旋转了90度的几倍的光栅图像的方法和装置，其中以运行结束或游程长度形式存储的原始图像数据可以被划分并存储在不连续的块中。在实现90度旋转时，图像数据在概念上被划分成垂直条带，其中的每一个被独立地旋转以产生输出图像的水平条带。旋转处理通过首先将游程表示图像数据转换为光栅形式来进行，将每行中的数据划分为多个中间缓冲器，每个中间缓冲器包含来自原始图像的一个垂直条带的数据。每个缓冲器的内容在可用缓冲器中旋转和重新布置，以形成准备进行光栅读出的旋转图像的水平条。类似地，还描述了旋转输入图像180°的方便方法，其中原始图像以运行表示形式一次读取一行，并且将行转换为光栅形式并以相反的顺序放置在存储中，顺序为每行中的位也相反。

95. 发明授权

US4569081A Method for expansion of a digital image 失效
标题翻译：扩展数字图像的方法
公开(公告)号：US4569081A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-04
申请号：US567309
申请日：1983-12-30
申请人： Frederick C. Mintzer , Karen L. Anderson , Joan L. Mitchell
发明人： Frederick C. Mintzer , Karen L. Anderson , Joan L. Mitchell
IPC分类号： H04N1/393 , G06T3/40 , G09G5/26 , G09G5/393 , G06K9/42
CPC分类号： G06T3/4023
摘要： A method for expanding a binary image includes the steps of: storing the image in bit sequence; inserting for each string of 5 bits along a first axis one or more expansion bits, to convert each said string of 5 bits to a string of 6 bits; assigning a value to each expansion bit generated by the above step; inserting one or more rows of expansion bits for each 5 rows of bits along a second axis of the image to convert each 5 rows of bits to 6 rows of bits along the second axis of the image; assigning a value to each expansion bit generated by the above steps; storing the enlarged image generated by the above steps.
摘要翻译：用于扩展二进制图像的方法包括以下步骤：以比特序列存储图像; 沿着第一轴为每个5比特串插入一个或多个扩展比特，以将每个所述5比特串转换成6比特串; 为通过上述步骤生成的每个扩展位分配一个值; 沿着图像的第二轴为每5行位插入一行或多行展开位，以沿图像的第二轴将每行5行位转换成6行位; 为由上述步骤生成的每个扩展位分配一个值; 存储由上述步骤生成的放大图像。

96. 发明授权

US4355306A Dynamic stack data compression and decompression system 失效
标题翻译：动态堆栈数据压缩和解压缩系统
公开(公告)号：US4355306A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US230224
申请日：1981-01-30
申请人： Joan L. Mitchell
发明人： Joan L. Mitchell
IPC分类号： H03M5/04 , G06T9/00 , H03M7/42 , H04L23/00 , H04N1/411 , H04N1/413 , H04N1/417 , H04N1/419 , H03K13/24
CPC分类号： H03M7/42 , G06T9/005 , H04N1/4175
摘要： A system for encoding images by assigning variable-length code words to fixed positions in a dynamic stack. Each position in the dynamic stack is occupied by a representation of an encodable image feature, such as a run-length or a vertical correlation. These codes are arranged in order of their respective frequencies of occurrence. The order in which these features are stacked is varied dynamically by the system, in accordance with their respective frequencies of occurrence and a predetermined scheme. Thus, the system can adapt to different types of documents being scanned, or to changes of scanning resolution. A relationship exists between the code words and the stack positions, which are not permanently assigned to specific image features. This arrangement ensures that the lengths of code words will be inversely related to their frequencies of occurrence under all conditions.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过将可变长度代码字分配到动态堆栈中的固定位置来对图像进行编码的系统。动态堆栈中的每个位置被可编码图像特征的表示所占据，例如游程长度或垂直相关。这些代码按照它们各自发生的频率的顺序排列。这些特征堆叠的顺序由系统根据它们各自的发生频率和预定方案动态变化。因此，系统可以适应正在扫描的不同类型的文档，或扫描分辨率的变化。代码字和堆栈位置之间存在关系，这些关系不会永久分配给特定的图像特征。这种布置确保了代码字的长度与其在所有条件下的发生频率成反比。

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