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91. 发明申请

US20100318630A1 Leveraging Remote Server Pools for Client Applications 有权
标题翻译：利用客户端应用程序的远程服务器池
公开(公告)号：US20100318630A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12484356
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F9/5055 , G06F2209/509
摘要： Techniques for enabling client computing devices to leverage remote server pools for increasing the effectiveness of applications stored on the client computing device are described herein. In some instances, the server pools comprise a “cloud”, “cluster” or “data center” that comprises hundreds or thousands of servers connected together by a network that has an extremely low latency and high bandwidth relative to the network through which the client computing device connects to the server pool. The client computing device may request that the server pool perform a certain task for an application whose canonical state resides on the client. After computation of a result of the task, a server of the server pool then provides the result to the client. By doing so, the techniques dramatically increase the amount of resources working on the request of the client and, hence, dramatically increase the speed and effectiveness of the client-side application.
摘要翻译：本文描述了使客户端计算设备能够利用远程服务器池来增加存储在客户端计算设备上的应用的有效性的技术。在某些情况下，服务器池包括一个“云”，“集群”或“数据中心”，其中包含数百或数千个由网络连接在一起的服务器，网络具有相对于网络极低的延迟和高带宽，客户端计算设备连接到服务器池。客户端计算设备可以请求服务器池为其规范状态驻留在客户端上的应用执行特定任务。在计算任务的结果之后，服务器池的服务器然后将结果提供给客户端。通过这样做，这些技术大大增加了根据客户端请求工作的资源量，从而大大提高了客户端应用程序的速度和有效性。

92. 发明申请

US20100287618A1 Executing Native-Code Applications in a Browser 有权
标题翻译：在浏览器中执行本地代码应用程序
公开(公告)号：US20100287618A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12463892
申请日：2009-05-11
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F21/22 , G06F9/445 , G06F15/177
CPC分类号： G06F21/53 , G06F8/60 , G06F9/468 , G06Q20/1235
摘要： Techniques for leveraging legacy code to deploy native-code desktop applications over a network (e.g., the Web) are described herein. These techniques include executing an application written in native code within a memory region that hardware of a computing device enforces. For instance, page-protection hardware (e.g., a memory management unit) or segmentation hardware may protect this region of memory in which the application executes. The techniques may also provide a narrow system call interface out of this memory region by dynamically enforcing system calls made by the application. Furthermore, these techniques may enable a browser of the computing device to function as an operating system for the native-code application. These techniques thus allow for execution of native-code applications on a browser of a computing device and, hence, over the Web in a resource-efficient manner and without sacrificing security of the computing device.
摘要翻译：本文描述了利用传统代码通过网络（例如，Web）来部署本地代码桌面应用程序的技术。这些技术包括执行在计算设备的硬件实施的存储器区域内以本地代码编写的应用程序。例如，页面保护硬件（例如，存储器管理单元）或分段硬件可以保护应用程序执行的存储器区域。这些技术还可以通过动态地执行由应用程序进行的系统调用来提供超出该存储器区域的窄系统调用接口。此外，这些技术可以使得计算设备的浏览器能够用作本地代码应用的操作系统。因此，这些技术允许在计算设备的浏览器上执行本地代码应用，并因此允许以资源有效的方式在Web上执行，而不会牺牲计算设备的安全性。

93. 发明申请

US20100197405A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THWARTING TRAFFIC ANALYSIS IN ONLINE GAMES 有权
标题翻译：在线游戏中进行交通分析的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100197405A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-05
申请号：US12364913
申请日：2009-02-03
申请人： John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch , Daekyeong Moon , Thomas Moscibroda
发明人： John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch , Daekyeong Moon , Thomas Moscibroda
IPC分类号： A63F9/24
CPC分类号： A63F13/358 , A63F13/12 , A63F13/34 , A63F13/352 , A63F2300/513 , A63F2300/532 , A63F2300/534 , A63F2300/5566 , A63F2300/5586 , H04L67/104 , H04L67/2819 , H04L67/38
摘要： The subject disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for routing data in a network-based computer game via proxy computers. The method and system includes a set of techniques that utilizes the proxy computers to thwart traffic analysis in high-speed games while continuing to satisfy the games' latency requirements. The method and apparatus facilitates thwarting multiple classes of traffic analysis, including inspection of unencrypted header fields, observation of packet size, correlation of packet timing, and collusion among players. A matchmaking system for matching players in a network-based computer game in a manner that resists traffic analysis is also provided.
摘要翻译：本公开涉及一种用于经由代理计算机在基于网络的计算机游戏中路由数据的方法和装置。该方法和系统包括利用代理计算机在继续满足游戏等待时间要求的同时阻止高速游戏中的流量分析的一套技术。该方法和装置有助于阻止多类业务分析，包括对未加密报头字段的检查，分组大小的观察，分组定时的相关性和播放器之间的串通。还提供了一种用于以抵抗流量分析的方式在基于网络的计算机游戏中匹配玩家的配对系统。

94. 发明授权

US07716249B2 Transaction and task scheduler 失效
标题翻译：事务和任务调度程序
公开(公告)号：US07716249B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11229053
申请日：2005-09-16
申请人： Tim L. Harris , Simon Peyton-Jones , Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
发明人： Tim L. Harris , Simon Peyton-Jones , Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/524 , G06F9/466
摘要： The described implementations relate to efficient scheduling of transactions and tasks. A memory location, address, or variable previously accessed by a blocked entity is observed periodically to determine an appropriate time to wake and retry the blocked entity. If the previous accessed memory location, address or variable changes state, a scheduler wakes the blocked entity and the blocked entity retries processing. A doubly-indexed data structure of blocked entities and memory locations associated with the blocked entities may be used to efficiently determine when a retrying execution would be profitable.
摘要翻译：所描述的实现涉及事务和任务的有效调度。周期性地观察先前被阻塞实体访问的存储器位置，地址或变量，以确定唤醒并重试被阻塞实体的适当时间。如果先前访问的存储器位置，地址或变量改变状态，则调度器唤醒被阻止的实体，并且被阻止的实体重试处理。被阻止的实体和与被阻止的实体相关联的存储器位置的双重索引的数据结构可以用于有效地确定重试执行何时是有利可图的。

95. 发明申请

US20090210526A1 DOMAIN NAME CACHE CONTROL 有权
标题翻译：域名缓存控制
公开(公告)号：US20090210526A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US12031105
申请日：2008-02-14
申请人： Jonathan Ryan Howell , John R. Douceur , Jeremy Eric Elson
发明人： Jonathan Ryan Howell , John R. Douceur , Jeremy Eric Elson
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L29/12811 , H04L29/12066 , H04L29/12132 , H04L61/1511 , H04L61/1552 , H04L61/303 , H04L61/6009 , H04L67/28 , H04L67/2842
摘要： Domain name caching is controlled by adding a nonce to a domain name to force propagation of lookup to an authoritative server or service. Desired caching behavior is dictated by controlling when a new and unique nonce-bearing name is created. For example, caching can be completely eliminated by generating a new nonce-bearing name for every request. While a nonce can simply correspond to a random or pseudo random value, it can also be time based. Furthermore, nonces can be phase or time shifted to limit authoritative server load as well as improve response time.
摘要翻译：通过将域名添加到域名来强制将查询传播到权威服务器或服务来控制域名缓存。期望的缓存行为是通过控制何时创建新的和唯一的不占用名称来决定的。例如，可以通过为每个请求生成一个新的nonce-bearing名称来完全消除缓存。虽然随机数可以简单地对应于随机值或伪随机值，但也可以基于时间。此外，随机可以是相位或时间偏移以限制权威服务器负载以及改善响应时间。

96. 发明授权

US07574457B2 Non-mutating tree-structured file identifiers 有权
标题翻译：非突变树结构文件标识符
公开(公告)号：US07574457B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-11
申请号：US11275550
申请日：2006-01-13
申请人： John R. Douceur , Jonathan R. Howell
发明人： John R. Douceur , Jonathan R. Howell
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/3012 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： Non-mutating tree-structured file identifiers are used to identify files stored in a file system. Each of multiple files in the file system has a corresponding non-mutating file identifier, and these file identifiers are assigned and maintained using a tree structure.
摘要翻译：非突变树结构文件标识符用于识别存储在文件系统中的文件。文件系统中的多个文件中的每一个具有相应的非突变文件标识符，并且使用树结构来分配和维护这些文件标识符。

97. 发明授权

US07454521B2 Byzantine fault quantifying clock synchronization 有权
标题翻译：拜占庭故障量化时钟同步
公开(公告)号：US07454521B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US10694596
申请日：2003-10-23
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L63/126 , G06F1/12 , G06F1/14 , G06F21/725
摘要： The clocks of remote computing devices are synchronized within a range of certainty through the determination of an upper bound and a lower bound around a reference time. A message from a computing device is propagated up a network tree of devices to a device having a reference time, which encodes the reference time and returns the message down the tree. Each receiving device can determine that the reference time could not have occurred before their transmission of the message, nor could it have occurred after their receipt of the return message. Cryptographic hashes can be used to guard against malicious computing devices. Alternate paths and scheduling of messages can be used to provide a narrower spread between the upper and lower bounds, and clock drift can be accounted for by increasing the spread over time.
摘要翻译：通过确定参考时间周围的上限和下限，远程计算设备的时钟在确定的范围内同步。来自计算设备的消息被传播到设备的网络树到具有参考时间的设备，该参考时间对参考时间进行编码并将消息返回到树下。每个接收设备可以确定参考时间在其发送消息之前不能发生，也不能在接收到返回消息之后发生。密码散列可用于防范恶意计算设备。消息的替代路径和调度可用于在上限和下限之间提供较窄的扩展，并且可以通过增加随时间推移来计算时钟漂移。

98. 发明授权

US07395331B2 Suspension and reinstatement of reference handles 有权
标题翻译：暂停和恢复参考手柄
公开(公告)号：US07395331B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-01
申请号：US10966946
申请日：2004-10-15
申请人： John R. Douceur , Yoram Bernet
发明人： John R. Douceur , Yoram Bernet
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A handle administration system is described in which software agents receive handles to various resources that they can use to obtain the resources. The described embodiments provide multiple states that can be assumed by the handles. An unassigned state is provided in which handles are not assigned to a particular resource, nor can they be dereferenced to obtain pointers to any resources. An assigned state is provided in which handles are assigned to a particular resource and can be dereferenced to obtain a pointer to the resource. A suspended state is provided in which the handles are assigned to a particular resource but cannot be dereferenced to obtain a pointer to that resource. Advantageously, a suspended handle can be reinstated to assume the assigned state. In one embodiment, the handle system is implemented by incorporating a suitable field in a handle database that is used to indicate that a handle is suspended. In another embodiment, no additional fields are necessary. Rather, handle values in the handle database are manipulated to indicate that a handle has been suspended. These manipulations can be easily undone to reinstate a handle. In the described embodiment, a three state handle system can be advantageously employed to implement a two-phase commit operation.
摘要翻译：描述了一种处理管理系统，其中软件代理程序接收他们可以用来获取资源的各种资源的句柄。所描述的实施例提供了可由手柄假定的多个状态。提供了未分配状态，其中句柄未分配给特定资源，也不能被取消引用以获得指向任何资源的指针。提供分配状态，其中将句柄分配给特定资源，并且可以被取消引用以获得指向资源的指针。提供了一种挂起状态，其中将句柄分配给特定资源，但不能取消引用以获取指向该资源的指针。有利地，可以恢复悬挂的手柄以呈现分配的状态。在一个实施例中，通过在句柄数据库中合并用于指示句柄被暂停的适当字段来实现句柄系统。在另一个实施例中，不需要附加字段。相反，处理句柄数据库中的值被操纵以指示句柄已被挂起。这些操作可以很容易地撤消以恢复句柄。在所描述的实施例中，可以有利地采用三状态句柄系统来实现两阶段提交操作。

99. 发明授权

US07334154B2 Efficient changing of replica sets in distributed fault-tolerant computing system 有权
标题翻译：分布式容错计算系统中复制集的有效改变
公开(公告)号：US07334154B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-19
申请号：US10871134
申请日：2004-06-18
申请人： Jacob R. Lorch , Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jacob R. Lorch , Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/182 , G06F11/187
摘要： A distributed computing system can be operated in a fault tolerant manner using a set of computing devices. A set of computing devices can tolerate a number of failures by implementing identical replicas of a state machine and selecting proposals. The set of computing devices participating in the distributed computing system by hosting replicas can be modified by adding or removing a computing device from the set, or by specifying particular computing devices for participation. Changing the participating computing devices in the set increases fault tolerance by replacing defective devices with operational devices, or by increasing the amount of redundancy in the system.
摘要翻译：分布式计算系统可以使用一组计算设备以容错方式操作。一组计算设备可以通过实现状态机的相同副本并选择提议来容忍许多故障。通过托管副本参与分布式计算系统的计算设备组可以通过从组中添加或移除计算设备，或通过指定特定的计算设备来参与来修改。通过用操作设备替换有缺陷的设备，或通过增加系统中的冗余量来改变设备中参与的计算设备来增加容错能力。

100. 发明申请

US20080010282A1 File metadata lease management 审中-公开
标题翻译：文件元数据租赁管理
公开(公告)号：US20080010282A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11482629
申请日：2006-07-07
申请人： John R. Douceur , Jonathan R. Howell
发明人： John R. Douceur , Jonathan R. Howell
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F16/1767
摘要： Each file in a file system has one or more associated metadata fields, and each metadata field is associated with a different lease. A computing device sends a request to a directory server for one or more leases that are needed by the computing device to perform an operation on a file. The directory server receives the request from the computing device and determines whether the operation can succeed. One or more leases to perform the operation are issued to the computing device if it is determined that the operation can succeed, and one or more leases that reveal failure are issued to the computing device if it is determined that the operation cannot succeed. The computing device receives the issued lease(s) and uses the received lease(s) to determine whether the computing device can perform the operation on the file.
摘要翻译：文件系统中的每个文件具有一个或多个关联的元数据字段，并且每个元数据字段与不同的租约相关联。计算设备向目录服务器发送计算设备需要的一个或多个租约以对文件执行操作的请求。目录服务器从计算设备接收请求，并确定操作是否成功。如果确定操作可以成功，则将一个或多个执行操作的租约发布到计算设备，并且如果确定操作不能成功，则向计算设备发出显示故障的一个或多个租约。计算设备接收已发出的租约并使用接收到的租约来确定计算设备是否可以对文件执行操作。

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