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1. 发明授权

US5330658A Solution decontamination method using precipitation and flocculation techniques 失效
标题翻译：溶液去污方法采用沉淀和絮凝技术
公开(公告)号：US5330658A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-19
申请号：US32362
申请日：1993-03-17
申请人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , Ching-Yu Lin , Francis Talko
发明人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , Ching-Yu Lin , Francis Talko
IPC分类号： B01D21/01 , C02F1/52 , C02F1/62 , C02F1/66 , C02F1/70 , C02F1/72 , C02F9/00 , C02F1/56
CPC分类号： C02F9/00 , C02F1/5236 , C02F1/66 , C02F1/70 , C02F1/72 , C02F2101/006 , C02F2101/20 , C02F2103/06 , Y10S210/912 , Y10S210/913 , Y10S210/914
摘要： Solutions such as for example groundwater, drinking water, extracting solutions and effluents contaminated with metals, radioactive species and organics, singly or in combination, are treated by first removing undesirable oxidizing agents from the contaminated solution. Then the contaminated solution is separately treated with aqueous solutions of ferrous sulfate and hydroxide, which precipitate substantially all of the contaminants. Next, the precipitate is treated with a flocculant and/or a coagulant to form an easily dewaterable and separable solid. The solid contaminants are readily removed from the cleansed solution. The process utilizes a novel combination of steps which maximizes contaminant removal, minimizes waste volume, and produces a recyclable solution and a manageable waste stream. The preferred hydroxide solutions are sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide.
摘要翻译：通过首先从受污染的溶液中除去不需要的氧化剂，来处理诸如地下水，饮用水，被金属污染的提取液和废水，放射性物质和有机物的单独或组合的解决方案。然后将污染的溶液用硫酸亚铁和氢氧化物的水溶液分开处理，这些溶液基本上沉淀出所有的污染物。接下来，用絮凝剂和/或凝结剂处理沉淀物以形成易于脱水和可分离的固体。固体污染物容易从清洁溶液中除去。该方法采用了新的组合步骤，使污染物去除最大化，最大限度地减少废物体积，并产生可循环利用的溶液和可管理的废物流。优选的氢氧化物溶液是氢氧化钠，氢氧化钙和氢氧化铵。

2. 发明授权

US4923577A Electrochemical-metallothermic reduction of zirconium in molten salt solutions 失效
标题翻译：熔融盐溶液中锆的电化学 - 金属热还原
公开(公告)号：US4923577A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US242564
申请日：1988-09-12
申请人： David F. McLaughlin , Francis Talko
发明人： David F. McLaughlin , Francis Talko
IPC分类号： C22B34/10 , C22B34/12 , C22B34/14 , C25C3/26
CPC分类号： C22B34/10 , C22B34/1272 , C22B34/14 , C25C3/26
摘要： This is a method of reducing zirconium chloride to a metal product by introducing zirconium chloride into a molten salt bath containing at least one alkali metal chloride and at least one alkaline earth metal chloride; and electrochemically reducing alkaline earth metal chloride to a metallic alkaline earth metal in the molten salt bath, with the reduced alkaline earth metal reacting with the zirconium chloride to produce zirconium metal. By using this electrochemical-metallothermic reduction, zirconium metal is produced and insoluble subchlorides of zirconium in the metal product are generally avoided.Preferably, the molten salt in the molten salt bath consists essentially of a mixture of lithium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride and zirconium or hafnium chloride. The method is especially useful as part of a distillation system for separating hafnium from zirconium, possibly after the zirconium chloride is removed from the distillation system, but especially where the distillation system has an alkali metal chloride and alkaline earth metal chloride recirculating solvent and the electrochemical-metallothermic reduction is used to strip the solvent of zirconium chloride.This process can also be used for hafnium and titanium, especially when a powder metal product is desired.
摘要翻译：这是通过将氯化锆引入含有至少一种碱金属氯化物和至少一种碱土金属氯化物的熔盐浴中而将氯化锆还原成金属产物的方法; 并在熔融盐浴中将碱土金属氯化物电化学还原成金属碱土金属，还原的碱土金属与氯化锆反应生成锆金属。通过使用这种电化学 - 金属热还原，可以生产锆金属，通常避免金属产物中锆的不溶性三氯甲烷。优选地，熔融盐浴中的熔融盐基本上由氯化锂，氯化钾，氯化镁和锆或氯化铪的混合物组成。该方法作为用于从锆中分离铪的蒸馏系统的一部分特别有用，可能在从蒸馏系统中除去氯化锆之后，特别是在蒸馏系统具有碱金属氯化物和碱土金属氯化物再循环溶剂以及电化学 - 金属热还原用于剥离氯化锆的溶剂。该方法也可用于铪和钛，特别是当需要粉末金属产品时。

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