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1. 发明授权

US5844705A Wireless communications systems employing free-space optical communications links 失效
标题翻译：采用自由空间光通信链路的无线通信系统
公开(公告)号：US5844705A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US799885
申请日：1997-02-13
申请人： Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04B10/02 , H04B10/08 , H04B10/10 , H04B10/105 , H04B10/12 , H04B10/22 , H04Q7/22 , H04Q7/38 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/25752 , H04B10/0773 , H04B10/1125 , H04B2210/078
摘要： The cells of a wireless communications system can be subdivided into smaller subcells, in each of which the available radio frequencies can be re-used to allow denser use of the system. To avoid having to run hard-wired communications links to broadcast antennas of the subcells, substantially unguided, free-space, optical communication is used between the antenna that formerly served the cell and the subcell antennas. The existing hard-wired connection from the central antenna to the remainder of the wireless communications system infrastructure continues to be used for communication to and from the cell.
摘要翻译：无线通信系统的小区可以被细分为更小的子小区，其中每个小区可以重新使用可用的无线电频率以允许更密集地使用系统。为了避免必须对子电台的广播天线运行硬连线的通信链路，在以前为小区服务的天线和子小区天线之间使用基本上无指导的自由空间光通信。从中央天线到无线通信系统基础设施的其余部分的现有硬连接连续地用于与小区通信。

2. 发明授权

US6154297A Optical transceiver using common optical path for transmission and reception 失效
标题翻译：光收发器使用通用光路传输和接收
公开(公告)号：US6154297A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-28
申请号：US818690
申请日：1997-03-19
申请人： Joel I. Javitt , Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Joel I. Javitt , Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04B10/10 , H04B10/105 , H04B10/22 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/11
摘要： An optical transceiver that is particularly adapted for free-space optical telecommunication uses the same optical path for received and transmitted light to a large extent to avoid duplication of optical elements. Received light is split so that different portions can be sent to physically spaced photodetectors, one of which is for detecting optically received information, and others of which are for detecting misalignment of the transceiver. In this way, the alignment detectors do not interfere with light reception by the information detector.
摘要翻译：特别适用于自由空间光通信的光收发器在很大程度上对接收和发射光使用相同的光路以避免光学元件的重复。接收的光被分离，使得不同的部分可以被发送到物理间隔的光电探测器，其中一个用于检测光学接收的信息，并且其他的部分用于检测收发器的未对准。以这种方式，对准检测器不会妨碍信息检测器的光接收。

3. 发明授权

US6031648A Automatic gain control for free-space optical telecommunications links 失效
标题翻译：自由空间光通信链路的自动增益控制
公开(公告)号：US6031648A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US847072
申请日：1997-05-01
申请人： Joel I. Javitt , Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Joel I. Javitt , Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04B10/02 , H04B10/10 , H04B10/105 , H04B10/148 , H04B10/18 , H04B10/22 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/60
摘要： Free-space optical transmission of analog information is facilitated by transmitting constant-amplitude pilot information with the other information. The amount of attenuation of the pilot information at the receiver is detected and used to control the amount by which received information is amplified. In this way the deleterious effects of free-space optical attenuation are substantially eliminated. The pilot information may be transmitted either via its own separate light frequency or wavelength, or as a distinguishable part of a larger quantity of information that is used to modulate one light frequency or wavelength.
摘要翻译：通过将恒定幅度导频信息与其他信息进行传输，便于模拟信息的自由空间光传输。检测接收机导频信息的衰减量，并用于控制接收信息被放大的量。以这种方式，基本上消除了自由空间光衰减的有害影响。导频信息可以经由其单独的光频率或波长或作为用于调制一个光频率或波长的较大量的信息的可区分部分来传输。

4. 发明授权

US5966229A Free-space optical communications system with open loop transmitter control 失效
标题翻译：具有开环变送器控制的自由空间光通信系统
公开(公告)号：US5966229A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US877667
申请日：1997-06-18
申请人： Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Jeevan Prakash Dodley , Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04B10/10 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/1121
摘要： An optical transmitter is provided for use in a free-space optical communications system. The transmitter has a laser source with a tunable wavelength and adjustable power. A beam splitter divides the output beam from the laser source. A first portion of the divided beam is transmitted to a remote receiver through the atmosphere. A second portion of the divided beam is passed through a local optical path to a local receiver. The local optical path may be either a portion of the atmosphere local to the transmitter or may be an atmospheric spectral attenuation simulator. Processing circuitry receives signals from the local receiver that indicate the amount of attenuation of the second portion of the beam in the local optical path. The processing circuitry may adjust the wavelength and power output of the laser source to optimize transmission of the first portion of the beam to the receiver based on the amount of the attenuation measured in the local optical path. The processing circuitry may also adjust the wavelength and power of the laser source based on weather data received from a weather data source.
摘要翻译：提供一种用于自由空间光通信系统的光发射机。发射机具有可调波长和可调功率的激光源。分束器将来自激光源的输出光束分开。分割光束的第一部分通过大气传输到远程接收器。分割光束的第二部分通过本地光路传递到本地接收器。局部光路可以是发射机局部的大气的一部分，也可以是大气光谱衰减模拟器。处理电路从本地接收机接收指示本地光路中的光束的第二部分的衰减量的信号。处理电路可以调整激光源的波长和功率输出，以基于在局部光路中测量的衰减量来优化波束的第一部分到接收机的传输。处理电路还可以基于从天气数据源接收的天气数据来调整激光源的波长和功率。

5. 发明授权

US5864625A Methods and apparatus for secure optical communications links 失效
标题翻译：用于安全光通信链路的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5864625A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US819465
申请日：1997-03-17
申请人： Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04B10/04 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/10 , H04B10/105 , H04B10/12 , H04B10/142 , H04B10/152 , H04B10/22 , H04L9/08 , H04L9/16 , H04L9/38 , H04K1/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/85 , H04L9/0891
摘要： Methods and apparatus for providing a secure optical communications link are disclosed. Communications information is encrypted with a security key. An optical beam is then modulated with both the security key and the encrypted communications information, with different modulation schemes being used for each. The dual-modulated optical beam is then transmitted to a receiver. At the receiver, the optical beam is split into first and second optical beams. First and second demodulators are then employed to demodulate the optical beams to recover the encrypted communications information and its data rate, and the security key and its data rate. The encrypted communications information, the security key, and the data rate information are then sent to decryption and timing circuitry which decrypts the encrypted communications information to obtain the original unencrypted communications information.
摘要翻译：公开了提供安全光通信链路的方法和装置。通信信息用安全密钥加密。然后用安全密钥和加密的通信信息对光束进行调制，其中使用不同的调制方案。然后将双调制光束发射到接收机。在接收机处，光束被分成第一和第二光束。然后采用第一和第二解调器来解调光束以恢复加密的通信信息及其数据速率，以及安全密钥及其数据速率。然后将加密的通信信息，安全密钥和数据速率信息发送到解密和定时电路，其解密加密的通信信息以获得原始的未加密的通信信息。

6. 发明授权

US6016212A Optical receiver and demultiplexer for free-space wavelength division multiplexing communications systems 失效
标题翻译：用于自由空间波分复用通信系统的光接收机和解复用器
公开(公告)号：US6016212A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-18
申请号：US848370
申请日：1997-04-30
申请人： Gregory M. Durant , Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Gregory M. Durant , Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04J14/00 , H04B10/10 , H04B10/105 , H04B10/22 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/11 , H04J14/02
摘要： A free-space wavelength division multiplexing system is provided having a demultiplexer and receiver arrangement. The demultiplexer and receiver arrangement may be based on a rotatable interference filter. A desired wavelength can be selected by adjusting the angle of the interference filter with respect to the incoming light beam. Alternatively, the demultiplexer and receiver arrangement may be based on a diffraction grating. Multiple wavelengths of light are diffracted at different angles, which spatially separates each wavelength in the system. A corresponding multiple-element linear photodetector array is used to receive the spatially separated optical signals.
摘要翻译：提供了具有解复用器和接收机布置的自由空间波分复用系统。解复用器和接收机布置可以基于可旋转的干涉滤波器。可以通过调整干涉滤光器相对于入射光束的角度来选择期望的波长。或者，解复用器和接收机布置可以基于衍射光栅。多个波长的光以不同的角度衍射，空间上分离系统中的每个波长。使用相应的多元线性光电检测器阵列来接收空间分离的光信号。

7. 发明授权

US07079768B2 Dynamic passive optical network (PON) using a distributed optical cross connect and dense wavelength division multiplexing 有权
公开(公告)号：US07079768B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-18
申请号：US09820513
申请日：2001-03-29
申请人： Alex Ruan , Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Alex Ruan , Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0062 , H04J14/0226 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0232 , H04J14/0247 , H04J14/0252 , H04J14/0282 , H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0286 , H04Q11/0067 , H04Q2011/0039 , H04Q2011/0086
摘要： A rapid and reconfigurable deployment of services in a CATV system is enabled by the use of dynamic passive optical networks (DPONs) in accordance with the present invention. By delivering a number of wavelengths to the PON and using various dynamically reconfigurable groupings of the wavelengths to support differing subsets of users, the maximum capabilities of a static PON architecture are greatly exceeded. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the dynamic PON device accepts M wavelengths on a single optical fiber. The output of the dynamic PON device includes N output ports. Each of the M signals can be delivered to none, some or all of the N output ports. At its input, the DPON includes an optical amplifier for amplifying the multi-wavelength input signal to a desired power level prior to splitting. A 1:N channel power splitter couples to the output of the optical amplifier. Each of the power splitter outputs contains all M wavelength channels of the optical fiber. Each of the N outputs of the power splitter is fed into an optical demultiplexer unit where each of the M optical signals appears on a (single) output fiber of the demultiplexer. The output ports of the M×M cross-connects are coupled to N optical multiplexers. More specifically, the output ports of the cross-connect are connected by grouping the output ports into M/N groups. The first of those groups is connected to the first optical multiplexer, the second of the groups to the second of the optical multiplexers and so on. In this manner, each cross-connect will have connectivity to all of the multiplexers via the M/N ports connected to each of the N optical multiplexers. In networks not employing DWDM, each of the M incoming wavelengths to the DPON would be split N times by a power splitter. The optical demultiplexers are not utilized. The outputs of all of the power splitters are then connected to the cross-connect fabric and the multiplexers as previously described.

8. 发明授权

US06205321B1 Pager having voice synthesis capability and method for using the same 失效
标题翻译：具有语音合成能力的寻呼机及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US06205321B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-20
申请号：US08775914
申请日：1997-01-02
申请人： Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04Q710
CPC分类号： H04W84/025
摘要： A method and system for retrieving pages from a remote location. In one embodiment, pager users can access their pagers from a remote location, via a public switched telephone network, to retrieve messages (i.e. numeric, alphanumeric and voice messages) and/or perform any other pager operation by engaging in an interactive wireless dialogue with the pager via a public switched telephone network and the paging system, wherein the pager uses digital voice encoding techniques to provide verbal feedback to the remote user. The remote can dial the number of the individual pager from a remote location and enter a preprogrammed command sequence to initiate wireless dialogue with the pager. Once the wireless dialogue is initiated, the remote user can enter other pre-programmed commands to control the operation of the pager from the remote location (e.g. to retrieve messages sent to the pager). The pre-programmed commands can be part of a command set such as a DTMF command set.
摘要翻译：一种用于从远程位置检索页面的方法和系统。在一个实施例中，寻呼机用户可以经由公共交换电话网络从远程位置访问他们的寻呼机，以通过参与与...的交互式无线对话来检索消息（例如数字，字母数字和语音消息）和/或执行任何其他寻呼机操作通过公共交换电话网络和寻呼系统的寻呼机，其中寻呼机使用数字语音编码技术向远程用户提供口头反馈。遥控器可以从远程位置拨打单个寻呼机的号码，并输入预编程命令序列，以启动与寻呼机的无线对话。一旦无线对话被启动，远程用户可以输入其他预先编程的命令来控制来自远程位置的寻呼机的操作（例如，以检索发送到寻呼机的消息）。预编程的命令可以是诸如DTMF命令集之类的命令集的一部分。

9. 发明授权

US5770850A Sensor array tracking and detection system having an alignment positioner 失效
标题翻译：具有对准定位器的传感器阵列跟踪和检测系统
公开(公告)号：US5770850A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US846937
申请日：1997-04-30
申请人： Donald John Bowen , Gregory M. Durant , Christopher L. Rutledge
发明人： Donald John Bowen , Gregory M. Durant , Christopher L. Rutledge
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , G01J3/28 , G01S3/782 , H04B10/10 , H04B10/105 , H04B10/22 , G01J1/20
CPC分类号： G01J1/02 , G01J1/0266 , G01S3/782
摘要： A system is provided for tracking a free-space optical communications beam. The incoming beam is split by a beam splitter. One portion of the incoming beam is focused onto a high-speed photodetector. Another portion of the incoming beam is passed through a target pattern optical element. A resulting target pattern is formed on a two-dimensional active pixel sensor array. The alignment of the system can be adjusted based on the position of the target pattern on the sensor array.
摘要翻译：提供了一种跟踪自由空间光通信光束的系统。入射光束被分束器分开。入射束的一部分聚焦在高速光电检测器上。进入光束的另一部分通过目标图案光学元件。所得到的目标图案形成在二维有源像素传感器阵列上。可以基于传感器阵列上的目标图案的位置来调整系统的对准。

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