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1. 发明授权

US08833077B2 Systems and methods for low temperature heat sources with relatively high temperature cooling media 有权
标题翻译：具有较高温度的冷却介质的低温热源的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08833077B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-16
申请号：US13475541
申请日：2012-05-18
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K25/06
CPC分类号： F01K25/06
摘要： Methods and systems for implementing a thermodynamic cycle using heat source streams having initial temperatures between about 200° F. and about 500° F. and coolant stream having relatively high temperatures greater than or equal to about 80° F., where the methods and systems have overall energy extraction efficiencies that are at least 40% higher than a corresponding Rankine cycle.
摘要翻译：使用具有约200°F至约500°F之间的初始温度的热源流实现热力循环的方法和系统以及具有大于或等于约80°F的相对较高温度的冷却剂流，其中方法和系统总体能量提取效率比相应的兰金循环高至少40％。

2. 发明授权

US08584462B2 Process and power system utilizing potential of ocean thermal energy conversion 有权
标题翻译：利用海洋热能转换潜力的过程和电力系统
公开(公告)号：US08584462B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-19
申请号：US13188063
申请日：2011-07-21
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F03G7/04 , F03G7/00 , F01K27/00 , F01K13/00 , F01K25/06
CPC分类号： F03G7/05 , Y02E10/34
摘要： Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems and methods utilizing the systems are disclosed for producing a useable form of energy utilizing warm surface seawater and cold seawater from depths up to 2 miles below the surface and utilizing a multi-component working fluid. The systems and methods are designed to maximize energy conversion per unit of cold seawater, the limited resource, achieving relative net outputs compared to a Rankine cycle using a single component fluid by at least 20% and even as high as about 55%.
摘要翻译：公开了利用该系统的海洋热能转换（OTEC）系统和方法，用于利用从表面深度高达2英里的深度和使用多组分工作流体的温表面海水和冷海水生产可用形式的能量。这些系统和方法旨在使每单位冷海水的能量转化最大化，资源有限，与使用单一成分流体至少20％甚至高达约55％的兰金循环相比实现相对净产量。

3. 发明授权

US08534070B2 Power systems designed for the utilization of heat generated by solar-thermal collectors and methods for making and using same 有权
标题翻译：设计用于利用太阳能热收集器产生的热量的电力系统及其制造和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US08534070B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-17
申请号：US12698231
申请日：2010-02-02
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： B60K16/00 , F01K25/06
CPC分类号： F01K25/10 , F01K3/00 , Y02E10/46
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention disclose systems and methods for the efficient conversion of solar energy into a useable form of energy using a solar collector subsystem and a heat conversion subsystem. The systems and methods transfer solar energy directly to an intermediate solution and a working solution and indirectly to and between a basic rich solution, a condensing solution, a lean solution and a rich vapor solution. The systems and methods also include condensing the basic rich solution using an external coolant. The systems and methods support a closed thermodynamic cycle.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例公开了使用太阳能收集器子系统和热转换子系统将太阳能有效地转换成可用形式的能量的系统和方法。系统和方法将太阳能直接转移到中间溶液和工作溶液中，并间接地与基本富溶液，冷凝溶液，贫溶液和富蒸气溶液之间和之间传输。系统和方法还包括使用外部冷却剂冷凝基本富含溶液。系统和方法支持闭合的热力循环。

4. 发明授权

US08281592B2 Direct contact heat exchanger and methods for making and using same 有权
标题翻译：直接接触热交换器及其制造和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US08281592B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-09
申请号：US12533949
申请日：2009-07-31
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K25/08 , F01K25/00 , F01K7/00
CPC分类号： F28C3/04 , F24T10/20 , Y02E10/14
摘要： A direct heat exchange method and apparatus for recovering heat from a liquid heat source is disclosed, where the method includes contacting a liquid heat source stream with a multi-component hydrocarbon fluid, where the hydrocarbon fluid compositions has a linear or substantially linear temperature versus enthalpy relationship over the temperature range of the direct heat exchange apparatus.
摘要翻译：公开了用于从液体热源回收热量的直接热交换方法和装置，其中所述方法包括使液体热源流与多组分烃流体接触，其中烃流体组合物具有线性或基本上线性的温度对焓在直接热交换装置的温度范围内的关系。

5. 发明授权

US08087248B2 Method and apparatus for the utilization of waste heat from gaseous heat sources carrying substantial quantities of dust 有权
标题翻译：用于从携带大量灰尘的气体热源利用废热的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08087248B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-03
申请号：US12246360
申请日：2008-10-06
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K7/34
CPC分类号： C04B7/36 , C04B7/475 , F01K13/00 , F05B2230/31 , F05C2253/12 , F28D9/04 , F28D21/001 , F28D21/0014 , Y02P40/123
摘要： An apparatus, system and method for transferring heat from a hot flue gas stream from a cement plant including large particles and dust to a working fluid of a power plant via a high temperature heat transfer fluid without exposing all or most of the equipment to the erosive force of the particles and dust is disclosed where the apparatus includes a cement plant, a particle separation and heat transfer system and a power plant.
摘要翻译：一种用于将来自包括大颗粒和灰尘的水泥厂的热烟气流经由高温传热流体传递到发电厂的工作流体的设备，系统和方法，而不将所有或大部分设备暴露于侵蚀公开了装置包括水泥厂，颗粒分离和传热系统以及发电厂的颗粒和灰尘的力。

6. 发明申请

US20110259011A1 HEAT CONVERSION SYSTEM SIMULTANEOUSLY UTILIZING TWO SEPARATE HEAT SOURCE STREAM AND METHOD FOR MAKING AND USING SAME 有权
标题翻译：热转换系统同时使用两个单独的热源流程及其制造和使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20110259011A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-27
申请号：US12764281
申请日：2010-04-21
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K7/34 , F01K23/06
CPC分类号： F01K25/10 , F22B33/00
摘要： A system and method are disclosed for converting heat into a usable form of energy, where the system and method are designed to utilize at least two separate heat sources simultaneously, where one heat source stream has a higher initial temperature and a second heat source stream has a lower initial temperature, which is transferred to and a multi-component working fluid from which thermal energy is extracted.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于将热量转换为可用形式的能量的系统和方法，其中系统和方法被设计成同时利用至少两个单独的热源，其中一个热源流具有较高的初始温度，而第二个热源流具有转移到较低的初始温度和从其中提取热能的多组分工作流体。

7. 发明授权

US07398651B2 Cascade power system 有权
公开(公告)号：US07398651B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US10983970
申请日：2004-11-08
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K25/06
CPC分类号： F01K25/065
摘要： A cascade power system and a method are disclosed for using a high temperature flue gas stream to directly or indirectly vaporize a lean and rich stream derived from an incoming, multi-component, working fluid stream, extract energy from these streams, condensing a spent stream and repeating the vaporization, extraction and condensation cycle.

8. 发明授权

US06735948B1 Dual pressure geothermal system 失效
标题翻译：双压地热系统
公开(公告)号：US06735948B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-18
申请号：US10320345
申请日：2002-12-16
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K2506
CPC分类号： F01K25/065
摘要： a new thermodynamic cycle is disclosed for converting energy from a low temperature stream from an external source into useable energy using a working fluid comprising of a mixture of a low boiling component and a higher boiling component and including a higher pressure circuit and a lower pressure circuit. The cycle is designed to improve the efficiency of the energy extraction process by mixing the liquid stream from the high pressure circuit with the spent low pressure circuit stream forming a lean system that can be condensed at a low pressure. The new thermodynamic process and the system for accomplishing it are especially well-suited for streams from low-temperature geothermal sources.
摘要翻译：公开了一种新的热力循环，用于使用包含低沸点组分和较高沸点组分的混合物的工作流体将来自外部来源的低温流的能量转换为可用能量，并且包括较高压力回路和较低压力回路。该循环旨在通过将来自高压回路的液体流与废低压回路流混合，从而提高能量提取过程的效率，从而形成可在低压下冷凝的贫系统。新的热力学过程及其完成系统特别适用于低温地热源的流。

9. 发明授权

US5450821A Multi-stage combustion system for externally fired power plants 失效
标题翻译：外燃式发电厂多级燃烧系统
公开(公告)号：US5450821A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-19
申请号：US127167
申请日：1993-09-27
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F23C10/00 , F01K3/24 , F22B35/00 , F23C6/04 , F23C10/22 , F23J7/00 , F23J15/00 , F23J15/04 , F23L15/04 , F23B7/00
CPC分类号： F23J7/00 , F01K3/24 , F23C6/042 , F23J15/04 , F23L15/04 , F23C2201/30 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A multi-stage combustion apparatus and method for use with externally fired power plants that allows the temperature of the heat released at any stage to be matched to the thermal characteristics of the working fluid from the power plant.
摘要翻译：一种用于外部燃烧发电厂的多级燃烧装置和方法，其允许在任何阶段释放的热量的温度与来自发电厂的工作流体的热特性相匹配。

10. 发明授权

US5095708A Method and apparatus for converting thermal energy into electric power 失效
标题翻译：将热能转换为电力的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5095708A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US677650
申请日：1991-03-28
申请人： Alexander I. Kalina
发明人： Alexander I. Kalina
IPC分类号： F01K25/06 , F01K25/10 , F02C6/18
CPC分类号： F01K25/065
摘要： A method and apparatus for converting thermal energy into electric power. A high pressure gaseous working stream is expanded, producing a spent stream. The spent stream is condensed, producing a condensed stream. The condensed stream forms first and second partially evaporated streams, which in turn form first and second vapor streams and first and second liquid streams. A rich stream is generated from the first vapor stream. A lean stream is generated from combining the second vapor stream with a mixing stream. The resulting rich and lean streams are passed through a boiler where they are evaporated. After exiting the boiler, the evaporated rich stream is combined with the evaporated lean stream generating the high pressure gaseous working stream, completing the cycle.

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