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    • 69. 发明专利
    • Method and apparatus for bump mapping that imprinted the environment in the graphics system
    • JP4658378B2
    • 2011-03-23
    • JP2001155079
    • 2001-05-24
    • 任天堂株式会社
    • エム レザー マーク
    • G06T15/04G06T15/60G06T19/00G09G5/00
    • G09G5/026G06T15/04G06T15/50G06T2215/12G09G5/06G09G5/363G09G5/397G09G2320/0252
    • A graphics system including a custom graphics and audio processor produces exciting 2D and 3D graphics and surround sound. The system includes a graphics and audio processor including a 3D graphics pipeline and an audio digital signal processor. Realistic looking surfaces on rendered images are generated by EMBM using an indirect-texture lookup to a "bump map" followed by an environment or light mapping. Apparatus and example methods for environment-mapped style of bump-mapping (EMBM) are provided that use a pre-completed bump-map texture accessed as an indirect texture along with pre-computed object surface normals (i.e., the Normal, Tangent and Binormal vectors) from each vertex of rendered polygons to effectively generate a new perturbed Normal vector per vertex. The perturbed new Normal vectors are then used to look up texels in an environment map which, for example, may be a spherical reflection map of the environment surrounding a rendered object or a texture map containing lighting or other data for creating more complex surface lighting effects. A specialized bump map texture data/coordinate processing "bump unit" is provided in the graphics pipeline for performing predetermined matrix multiplication operations on retrieved lookup data from the indirect-texture bump map. The bump unit utilizes a programmable 3x2 element multiplication matrix and scaling circuits that permit rotation of bump-mapped objects about multiple orthogonal axes. The bump unit is also provided with an output storage buffer for reusing computed coordinate data values in subsequent processing cycles.