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    • 4. 发明公开
    • Improvements in or relating to a process for producing beta-lactam compounds
    • Verfahren zur Herstellung von beta-Lactam-Verbindungen。
    • EP0123442A1
    • 1984-10-31
    • EP84302005.8
    • 1984-03-26
    • THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME DU LAC
    • Miller, Marvin Joseph
    • C07D205/08
    • C07D205/08C07D205/085Y02P20/55
    • There is described a process for preparing a compound of Formula (IV):
      or an addition salt thereof, in which R is amino, a protected amino group, hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, protected carboxy, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl substituted by hydroxy, halogen, methoxy, amino, protected amino, protected carboxy, or cyano; R' is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxycarbonyl, protected carboxy, carboxy, phenyl, substituted phenyl substituted by C 1 -C 4 alkyl, hydroxy, halogen, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, amino, protected amino, carboxy, protected carboxy, or cyano, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl substituted by hydroxy, halogen, methoxy, amino, protected amino, carboxy, protected carboxy or cyano; and Z is hydrogen, an acyl group or sulfo group of the formula-SO - 3 M + in which M + is an alkali metal cation or tri- or tetrasubstituted ammonium ion);
      which comprises

      a) ring closure of.a compound of Formula (III):
      in which R, R 1 are as defined above for Formula (IV), Z is acyl or SO 3 - M + , and Y is hydroxy, bromo or chloro, to provide a compound of Formula (IV) in which Z is acyl or SO 3 M+; or,
      b) acylating or treating with pyridine-SO 3 , a compound of Formula (IV) in which Z is hydrogen to produce a compound of Formula (IV) in which Z is other than hydrogen; or
      c) exposing a compound of Formula (IV), in which Z is acyl other than pivaloyl to solvolytic conditions to produce a compound of Formula (IV) in which Z is hydrogen;
      d) and, if desired, removing any protecting groups present and forming an addition salt thereof; and certain compounds per se resulting therefrom.
    • 描述了制备式(IV)化合物的方法:其中R为氨基,被保护的氨基,氢,C 1 -C 4烷基,C 1 -C 4烷氧基羰基,羧基 被保护的羧基或被羟基,卤素,甲氧基,氨基,保护的氨基,被保护的羧基或氰基取代的C 1 -C 4烷基; R 1是氢,C 1 -C 4烷基,C 1 -C 4烷氧基羰基,保护的羧基,羧基,苯基,被C 1 -C 4烷基取代的取代苯基,羟基,卤素,C 1 -C 4烷氧基,氨基,被保护的氨基, 羧基或氰基,或被羟基,卤素,甲氧基,氨基,保护的氨基,羧基,保护的羧基或氰基取代的C 1 -C 4烷基; 并且Z是氢,式-SO 3 M +的酰基或磺基,其中M +是碱金属阳离子或三取代或四取代的铵离子),其包括:a)环 封闭式(III)化合物:其中R 1,R 1如对式(IV)所定义,Z是酰基或SO 3 - ,M +,Y是羟基, 溴或氯,得到其中Z为酰基或SO 3 M +的式(Ⅳ)化合物; 或b)用吡啶-SO 3,其中Z是氢的式(Ⅳ)化合物进行酰化或处理,得到其中Z不是氢的式(Ⅳ)化合物; 或c)将式(Ⅳ)化合物(其中Z是除新戊酰以外的酰基)暴露于溶剂分解条件以制备其中Z为氢的式(Ⅳ)化合物; d),并且如果需要,除去存在的并形成其加成盐的任何保护基团;以及由其产生的某些化合物本身。
    • 9. 发明公开
    • METHODS AND APPARATUS TO OBTAIN SUSPENDED PARTICLE INFORMATION
    • 方法和设备有关暂停的获取信息
    • EP2350258A1
    • 2011-08-03
    • EP09822774.7
    • 2009-10-23
    • The University of Notre Dame du Lac
    • RUGGIERO, StevenTANNER, Carol
    • C12M1/34
    • G01N15/0205G01N21/00G01N21/31G01N21/39G01N21/4785G01N21/51G01N21/59G01N2015/0294G01N2021/4707G01N2201/06113G01N2201/105G02B21/0096G02B21/18
    • Example methods and apparatus for obtaining suspended particle information are disclosed. A disclosed example method includes emitting light from a light source, dividing the light source into a first path and a second path, and directing the first path to a first container comprising a plurality of particles in a suspension material. The example method also includes directing the second path to a second container containing a suspension material devoid of particles, retrieving a first transmission value of the first path through the first container, and retrieving a second transmission value of the second path through the second container. The example method further includes directing the first and second paths to the second and first containers, respectively, retrieving a third transmission value of the first path a through the second container, retrieving a fourth transmission value of the second path through the first container, and calculating a ratio of the first and second transmission values to the third and fourth transmission values to determine an indication of transmissivity for a given wavelength.
    • 用于获得悬浮颗粒信息的示例性方法和装置是游离缺失盘。 一种盘实施例游离缺失方法包括:从光源发射光,将所述光源为第一路径和第二路径,并且将所述第一路径的第一容器中的悬浮液材料,其包含颗粒的复数。 因此,该实施例的方法包括:引导所述第二路径的第二容器含悬浮材料不含颗粒的,通过所述第一容器取出所述第一路径的第一传输值,并通过第二容器取出所述第二路径的第二传输值。 该示例性方法还包括将所述第一和第二路径的第二和第一容器,分别通过第二容器取出所述第一路径的第三传输值,通过所述第一容器取出所述第二路径的第四传输值,以及计算 所述第一和第二传输值与第三和第四传输值的比率,以在透射率的指示对于给定的波长确定性矿。
    • 10. 发明公开
    • Combustion synthesis to bond metal inserts to c-c composite surfaces
    • Verbrennungssynthese zum Binden vonMetalleinsätzenin C-C-Verbundwerkstoffoberflächen
    • EP2179975A1
    • 2010-04-28
    • EP09173568.8
    • 2009-10-20
    • Honeywell International Inc.The University of Notre Dame du Lac
    • Simpson, Allen H.La Forest, Mark L.Mukasyan, Alexander
    • C04B37/02F16D65/12F16D69/02
    • C04B37/025C04B2237/083C04B2237/385C04B2237/403F16D69/02F16D2065/1368
    • Method of joining a carbon-carbon composite piece 30 together with a metal insert 20, e.g. in the manufacture of aircraft brake discs 10. The method includes the steps of: providing a carbon-carbon composite piece 30 and a metal insert 20, wherein the metal insert 20 has a surface that is complementary to a surface of said carbon-carbon composite piece 30; providing a layer of a mixture of titanium powder and carbon powder on the first complementary mating surface; arranging the powder layer such that a second complementary mating surface is matched to the complementary mating surface, thereby forming a construct of the carbon-carbon composite piece 30, the powder layer, and the metal insert 20; placing the construct into a press and applying pressure to the construct to press together the carbon-carbon composite piece and the metal insert joined at their complementary surfaces; and applying an electrical current to the powder in the construct to initiate a metal-carbon reaction, thereby bonding the carbon-carbon composite piece 30 together the metal insert 20. The titanium powder particles may be from 25 to 100 microns in diameter, and the carbon powder (e.g., graphite particles) may be 0.1 to 1 microns in diameter.
    • 将碳 - 碳复合片30与金属插入件20连接的方法,例如, 制造飞机制动盘10.该方法包括以下步骤:提供碳 - 碳复合件30和金属嵌件20,其中金属插入件20具有与所述碳 - 碳复合材料的表面互补的表面 片30 在第一互补配合表面上提供钛粉末和碳粉末的混合物层; 布置粉末层,使得第二互补配合表面与互补配合表面匹配,从而形成碳 - 碳复合片30,粉末层和金属插入件20的构造; 将构件放置在压力机中并向构件施加压力以将碳 - 碳复合材料片和在其互补表面处接合的金属插入件压合在一起; 并将电流施加到构造体中的粉末以引发金属 - 碳反应,从而将碳 - 碳复合片30粘合在金属插入件20上。钛粉末颗粒的直径可以为25-100微米, 碳粉末(例如,石墨颗粒)的直径可以为0.1至1微米。