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1. 发明授权

EP0308222B1 Point location determination at or close to the surface of the sea 失效
标题翻译：确定上或附近海面的一个点的位置。
公开(公告)号：EP0308222B1
公开(公告)日：1995-01-18
申请号：EP88308538.3
申请日：1988-09-15
申请人： HORIZON EXPLORATION LIMITED
发明人： Norton, John Philemon Jr. , Court, Ian Nigel , Hall, Michael Anthony
IPC分类号： G01S5/18 , G01V1/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/3835 , G01S5/30

2. 发明授权

EP0101281B1 Underwater seismic testing 有权
标题翻译：水下地震测试
公开(公告)号：EP0101281B1
公开(公告)日：1988-10-12
申请号：EP83304568.5
申请日：1983-08-08
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V1/38 , G01V13/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01V13/00 , Y02A90/36
摘要： A method of marine seismic investigation involves positioning or deploying at a predetermined point close to or within a multi-element seismic source array a calibration source which is an acoustic pressure wave point source which has a far-field seismic signature of broad bandwidth. The radiated pressure wave field of the calibration source (3) is weaker than that of the main source (2). The two sources are fired at separate instants within a predetermined time range, preferably with the calibration source (3) being fired about two seconds before the main source (2). The reflected response of the sub-surface strata is recorded and processed to generate seismic data. In one embodiment, the response is recorded with two hydrophone arrays - a short high-resolution array (4) and a conventional main array (5). The method can be used to determine the far-field signature of the main source array (2). It can also be used to obtain a high-resolution shallow seismic section simultaneously with a deep seismic section. Apparatus suitable for the method is described, and also a method of conducting an underwater seismic survey.

3. 发明公开

EP0308222A2 Point location determination at or close to the surface of the sea 失效
标题翻译： Ermittlung der Position eines Punktes auf oder in derNähederMeeresoberfläche。
公开(公告)号：EP0308222A2
公开(公告)日：1989-03-22
申请号：EP88308538.3
申请日：1988-09-15
申请人： HORIZON EXPLORATION LIMITED
发明人： Norton, John Philemon Jr. , Court, Ian Nigel , Hall, Michael Anthony
IPC分类号： G01S5/18 , G01V1/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/3835 , G01S5/30
摘要： This application discloses a method of determining the relative positions of a plurality of points located substantially in a common plane at or close to the surface of the sea, which method comprises deploying at each of said points an acoustic element comprising an acoustic transmitter and/or an acoustic receiver; sequentially actuating at predetermined time intervals at least a predetermined number of the acoustic transmitters and observing the responses of at least a predetermined number of the acoustic receivers in response thereto, such that all of the acoustic elements are operated at least once, whether in the transmit or receive mode or in both said modes; and subjecting the observed responses to signal processing to derive the spacing between each receiving element and each transmitting element, and hence to derive the relative positions of said points.
摘要翻译：本申请公开了一种确定基本上位于或接近海面的共同平面中的多个点的相对位置的方法，该方法包括在每个所述点处部署包括声发射器的声学元件和/或声学接收器; 以预定时间间隔依次致动至少预定数量的声发射器，并响应于此响应于观察至少预定数量的声接收器的响应，使得所有声学元件至少被操作一次，无论是在发射或接收模式或两种所述模式; 并且将观察到的响应进行信号处理以得出每个接收元件和每个发射元件之间的间隔，并因此导出所述点的相对位置。

4. 发明公开

EP0134715A3 Underwater seismic testing 有权
标题翻译：水下地震测试
公开(公告)号：EP0134715A3
公开(公告)日：1985-11-13
申请号：EP84305721
申请日：1984-08-22
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V01/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/3808 , G01V2210/20 , G01V2210/51
摘要： A method of underwater seismic testing is disclosed which does not require the use of long hydrophone streamers and which dispenses with the conventional CDP stack technique. The method enables signals processing to commence as soon as the first shot has been fired. The method involves traversing the region of interest with a survey vessel while firing a single seismic source repeatedly and observing the sub-sea response to the repeated shots using a single seismic receiver to provide thereby single-trace data which is then processed to generate the required sub-sea geological data. The signal processing may be effected in two stages, the first being deconvolution and the second being "3-D" imaging, preferably using the Kirchoff integral formulation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种水下地震测试方法，其不需要使用长水听器拖缆并且不需要传统的CDP堆叠技术。该方法使信号处理在第一次发射后立即开始。该方法涉及利用勘测船横跨感兴趣的区域，同时重复发射单个地震源，并且使用单个地震接收器观测对重复发射的海底响应，从而提供单迹数据，然后处理该单迹数据以产生所需的海底地质资料。信号处理可以分两个阶段进行，第一阶段是去卷积，第二阶段是“3-D”成像，优选使用基尔霍夫积分公式。

5. 发明公开

EP0134715A2 Underwater seismic testing 有权
标题翻译： Verfahren zum seismischenUnterwasserprüfen。
公开(公告)号：EP0134715A2
公开(公告)日：1985-03-20
申请号：EP84305721.7
申请日：1984-08-22
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V1/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/3808 , G01V2210/20 , G01V2210/51
摘要： A method of underwater seismic testing is disclosed which does not require the use of long hydrophone streamers and which dispenses with the conventional CDP stack technique. The method enables signals processing to commence as soon as the first shot has been fired. The method involves traversing the region of interest with a survey vessel while firing a single seismic source repeatedly and observing the sub-sea response to the repeated shots using a single seismic receiver to provide thereby single-trace data which is then processed to generate the required sub-sea geological data. The signal processing may be effected in two stages, the first being deconvolution and the second being "3-D" imaging, preferably using the Kirchoff integral formulation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种水下地震测试的方法，其不需要使用长的水听器拖缆并且不需要传统的CDP堆叠技术。该方法使信号处理在第一次触发被触发后立即开始。该方法涉及在用一个地震探测器反复射击一个地震源的同时遍历感兴趣区域，并使用单个地震接收机观察对重复拍摄的海底响应，从而提供单轨迹数据，然后将其进行处理以产生所需的海底地质资料。信号处理可以分为两个阶段进行，第一个是去卷积，第二个是“3-D”成像，优选使用Kirchoff积分公式。

6. 发明公开

EP0048623A3 Underwater seismic testing 失效
标题翻译：水下地震测试
公开(公告)号：EP0048623A3
公开(公告)日：1982-06-30
申请号：EP81304347
申请日：1981-09-22
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V01/04 , G01V13/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/006 , G01V1/04 , Y02A90/36
摘要： The invention relates to a method of estimating the acoustic signatures of seismic sources, used in underwater seismic surveying, in order to obtain more accurate data on their wave form in the far field. The pressure response produced by an array of sources is sampled by a hydrophone array larger in size than that of the array of sources and positioned relatively far from the array of sources; the individual response of each of the hydrophones in the hydrophone array is measured separately, and the wave form of the source array signature is calculated from these measurements. The hydrophone responses can be analysed in order to give a numerical reconstruction of the configuration of the source array together with its reflected image at the water-air boundary, or they can be extrapolated directly to the location of interest in the far field.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种估计水下地震勘测中使用的地震源的声学特征的方法，以便在远场获得更准确的波形数据。由源阵列产生的压力响应由尺寸大于源阵列的水听器阵列采样，并且定位成相对远离源阵列; 单独测量水听器阵列中每个水听器的单独响应，并从这些测量中计算源阵列特征的波形。可以分析水听器响应，以便对源阵列的配置及其在水 - 空气边界处的反射图像进行数值重建，或者它们可以直接外推到远场中的感兴趣位置。

7. 发明授权

EP0031196B1 Underwater seismic source and its use 有权
标题翻译：水下地震源及其使用
公开(公告)号：EP0031196B1
公开(公告)日：1984-07-25
申请号：EP80303749.8
申请日：1980-10-23
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V1/13 , G01V1/387 , G01V1/133
CPC分类号： G01V1/006 , G01V1/387 , Y02A90/36
摘要： The invention provides a sound source for use in underwater seismic testing, the source comprising a substantially linear array of a predetermined number of air guns of differing volumes. The spacing between the guns is determined by a "weighted centroid distribution", this being determined by selecting a predetermined mathematical window function which is positive at all points within the window and which approximates to the Fourier transform of a single square wave, the width of the window being selected to correspond to the desired length of the array, and then dividing the area under the curve into areas which are the same in number as the air guns, and the relative proportion between the areas under the curve being the same as the relative effective weights of the individual air guns in the array. The centroid of each such area is then determined, and the positioning of the air guns is proportional to the separation of the centroids measured on the x-axis of the function. The mathematical window function may be a Hanning or a sinc function, for example. The effective weights (i.e. the primary pressure amplitude responses) of the air guns preferably increase symmetr-ically from the ends of the array towards the mid-point thereof.

8. 发明公开

EP0101281A2 Underwater seismic testing 有权
标题翻译：安排在水下地震测试。
公开(公告)号：EP0101281A2
公开(公告)日：1984-02-22
申请号：EP83304568.5
申请日：1983-08-08
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V1/38 , G01V13/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01V13/00 , Y02A90/36
摘要： A method of marine seismic investigation involves positioning or deploying at a predetermined point close to or within a multi-element seismic source array a calibration source which is an acoustic pressure wave point source which has a far-field seismic signature of broad bandwidth. The radiated pressure wave field of the calibration source (3) is weaker than that of the main source (2). The two sources are fired at separate instants within a predetermined time range, preferably with the calibration source (3) being fired about two seconds before the main source (2). The reflected response of the sub-surface strata is recorded and processed to generate seismic data. In one embodiment, the response is recorded with two hydrophone arrays - a short high-resolution array (4) and a conventional main array (5). The method can be used to determine the far-field signature of the main source array (2). It can also be used to obtain a high-resolution shallow seismic section simultaneously with . a deep seismic section. Apparatus suitable for the method is described, and also a method of conducting an underwater seismic survey.

9. 发明公开

EP0031196A1 Underwater seismic source and its use 有权
标题翻译： Seismische Unterwasser-Quelle和ihre Verwendung。
公开(公告)号：EP0031196A1
公开(公告)日：1981-07-01
申请号：EP80303749.8
申请日：1980-10-23
申请人： Horizon Exploration Limited
发明人： Newman, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V1/13 , G01V1/387 , G01V1/133
CPC分类号： G01V1/006 , G01V1/387 , Y02A90/36
摘要： The invention provides a sound source for use in underwater seismic testing, the source comprising a substantially linear array of a predetermined number of air guns of differing volumes. The spacing between the guns is determined by a "weighted centroid distribution", this being determined by selecting a predetermined mathematical window function which is positive at all points within the window and which approximates to the Fouriertransform of a single square wave, the width of the window being selected to correspond to the desired length of the array, and then dividing the area under the curve into areas which are the same in number as the air guns, and the relative proportion between the areas under the curve being the same as the relative effective weights of the individual air guns in the array. The centroid of each such area is then determined, and the positioning of the air guns is proportional to the separation of the centroids measured on the x-axis of the function. The mathematical window function may be a Hanning or a sinc function, for example. The effective weights (i.e. the primary pressure amplitude responses) of the airguns preferably increase symmetr-ically from the ends of the array towards the mid-point thereof.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于水下地震测试的声源，该源包括具有不同体积的预定数量的气枪的基本线性阵列。枪之间的间距由“加权质心分布”确定，这是通过选择一个预定的数学窗口函数来确定的，这个预定的数学窗口函数在窗口内的所有点都是正的，并且近似于单个方波的傅立叶变换，选择窗口以对应于阵列的期望长度，然后将曲线下面积除以与气枪数量相同的区域，并且曲线下面积之间的相对比例与阵列中各个气枪的相对有效重量。然后确定每个这样的区域的质心，并且气枪的定位与在功能的x轴上测量的质心的分离成比例。例如，数学窗口函数可以是汉宁或sinc函数。气枪的有效重量（即初级压力振幅响应）优选地从阵列的端部朝向其中点对称地增加。

10. 发明公开

EP0308222A3 Point location determination at or close to the surface of the sea 失效
标题翻译：在或接近海面的点位置确定
公开(公告)号：EP0308222A3
公开(公告)日：1990-12-05
申请号：EP88308538.3
申请日：1988-09-15
申请人： HORIZON EXPLORATION LIMITED
发明人： Norton, John Philemon Jr. , Court, Ian Nigel , Hall, Michael Anthony
IPC分类号： G01S5/18 , G01V1/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/3835 , G01S5/30
摘要： This application discloses a method of determining the relative positions of a plurality of points located substantially in a common plane at or close to the surface of the sea, which method comprises deploying at each of said points an acoustic element comprising an acoustic transmitter and/or an acoustic receiver; sequentially actuating at predetermined time intervals at least a predetermined number of the acoustic transmitters and observing the responses of at least a predetermined number of the acoustic receivers in response thereto, such that all of the acoustic elements are operated at least once, whether in the transmit or receive mode or in both said modes; and subjecting the observed responses to signal processing to derive the spacing between each receiving element and each transmitting element, and hence to derive the relative positions of said points.

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