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1. 发明授权

US4629008A Reversible percussive action machine 失效
标题翻译：可逆式打击机动作
公开(公告)号：US4629008A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-16
申请号：US617394
申请日：1984-06-05
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Alexei D. Terskov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Mikhail J. Bondar , Igor I. Reznikov , Vladimir I. Tarasenko
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Alexei D. Terskov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Mikhail J. Bondar , Igor I. Reznikov , Vladimir I. Tarasenko
IPC分类号： E21B7/26 , E02F5/18 , E21B4/14 , E21B11/02
CPC分类号： E21B4/145
摘要： A reversible percussive action machine comprises a housing which accommods a hammer capable of reciprocating motions under the action of a pressurized fluid, and a fluid valving member for controlling the distribution of fluid with parts for fixing it in two fluid control positions to assure either the forward or rearward percussive action of the machine. To fix the fluid valving member to provide for the forward percussive action of the machine, a spring-loaded insert which is movably secured relative to the valving member and engageable with a stop made in the housing is used. To fix the fluid valving member in a position to provide for the rearward percussive action of the machine, a stop made on the inside wall of the housing and a stop made in the valving member to engage with the stop of the housing is used. The insert is fashioned as a cup accommodating an element imparting a spring action on the cup relative to the fluid valving member.
摘要翻译：可逆式冲击作用机器包括容纳能够在加压流体的作用下往复运动的锤的壳体和用于控制流体分布的流体阀构件，用于将其固定在两个流体控制位置中以确保向前或机器的后向冲击动作。为了固定流体阀门构件以提供机器的向前冲击动作，使用弹簧加载的插入件，其相对于阀构件可移动地固定并且可与壳体中制成的止动件接合。为了将流体阀构件固定在提供机器的向后冲击动作的位置，使用在壳体的内壁上形成的止动件和在阀构件中制成的与壳体的止动件接合的止动件。插入件被形成为容纳相对于流体阀构件在杯上赋予弹簧作用的元件的杯。

2. 发明授权

US4174758A Percussive action pneumatic device for drilling holes in soil 失效
标题翻译：冲击式气动装置，用于在土壤中钻孔
公开(公告)号：US4174758A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-20
申请号：US866864
申请日：1978-01-04
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Evgeny N. Cherednikov
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Evgeny N. Cherednikov
IPC分类号： E21B7/26 , E21B11/02
CPC分类号： E21B7/26 , Y10T403/7007
摘要： The percussive action pneumatic device for drilling holes in a soil by cocting same has a cylinder-shaped housing with a conically pointed head portion. This pointed head portion of the housing is engaged in the internal surface of the tail portion of a hollow tip with a pointed end. A transverse partition is provided internally of the hollow tip, in the tail portion thereof, the head portion of the housing is detachably connectable with the transverse partition.
摘要翻译：用于通过压实在土壤中钻孔的冲击动作气动装置具有带圆锥形头部的圆柱形壳体。壳体的尖头部分与具有尖端的中空尖端的尾部的内表面接合。横向隔板设置在中空末端的内部，在其尾部，壳体的头部可拆卸地与横向隔板连接。

3. 发明授权

US4776407A Clamping attachment to a device for driving rod elements of low rigidity into the ground 失效
标题翻译：夹紧装置，用于将低刚度的杆件驱动到地面上
公开(公告)号：US4776407A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-11
申请号：US897396
申请日：1986-07-02
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Boris B. Danilov , Boris N. Smolyanitsky , Alexei D. Terskov , Vladimir P. Boginsky , Jury N. Syryamin
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Boris B. Danilov , Boris N. Smolyanitsky , Alexei D. Terskov , Vladimir P. Boginsky , Jury N. Syryamin
IPC分类号： E21B19/06 , B25D17/08 , E02D7/00 , E02D7/02 , E02D7/20 , E02D13/00 , E21B1/02 , F02D39/04 , E21B1/00
CPC分类号： E02D13/00 , E02D7/20
摘要： A clamping attachment to a device for driving elongated rod elements of lowigidity into the ground comprises a housing (1) having a through tapered interior (2) and shoulders (7) on the outer surface. The interior (2) of the housing accommodates two spring-biased wedging elements (3) with slots (4). The slots (4) receive ends of arms (9) secured on the shoulders (7). Interposed between the spring (12) and wedging elements (3) is a washer plate (14). End faces (16, 17) of the wedging elements (3) and washer plate (14) are tapered. Contact surfaces (10, 11) of the slots (4,) and arms (9) are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the clamping attachment.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SU85 / 00073 Sec。 371日期：1986年7月2日 102（e）日期1986年7月2日PCT提交1985年8月22日PCT公布。第WO86 / 03534号公报日期1986年6月19日。用于将低刚性的细长杆元件驱动到地面中的装置的夹紧附件包括在外表面上具有贯穿锥形内部（2）和肩部（7）的壳体（1）。壳体的内部（2）容纳两个具有槽（4）的弹簧偏压楔形元件（3）。槽（4）接收固定在肩部（7）上的臂（9）的端部。弹簧（12）和楔入元件（3）之间是垫圈板（14）。楔形元件（3）和垫圈板（14）的端面（16,17）是锥形的。槽（4）和臂（9）的接触表面（10,11）相对于夹紧附件的纵向轴线倾斜。

4. 发明授权

US4690225A Percussive tool 失效
标题翻译：打击乐器
公开(公告)号：US4690225A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-01
申请号：US777880
申请日：1985-09-20
申请人： Konstantin K. Tupitsyn , Sergei K. Tupitsyn , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Veniamin V. Kamensky , Sergei A. Chufistov
发明人： Konstantin K. Tupitsyn , Sergei K. Tupitsyn , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Veniamin V. Kamensky , Sergei A. Chufistov
IPC分类号： B25D9/04 , E02D7/02 , E02D7/10 , E21B1/26 , E21B1/32 , E21B4/14 , E21B4/20 , E21C37/00 , B25D9/02
CPC分类号： E02D7/10 , B25D9/04 , E02D7/02 , E21B4/145 , E21B4/20 , E21C3/26
摘要： A percussive tool comprises a percussion mechanism and a pressure pulser. The percussion mechanism has a hollow housing with a piston hammer arranged thereinside to form two chambers of variable volume. The pressure pulser has a hollow housing and a fluid displacer defining inside the housing a working chamber adapted to alternately communicate with a source of gaseous fluid and the interior of the percussion mechanism. The fluid displacer is intended for forced displacement inside the housing to transmit to the chambers of the percussion mechanism a pulsed pressure of the gaseous fluid which causes the piston hammer to reciprocate. The interior of the percussion mechanism is isolated from the outside, whereas the working chamber of the pressure pulser communicates with at least one of the chambers of the percussion mechanism, the chambers of the percussion mechanism continuously intercommunicating by way of a restrictor passage.
摘要翻译：冲击工具包括打击机构和压力脉冲发生器。冲击机构具有中空壳体，其中设置有活塞锤，以形成可变容积的两个腔室。压力脉冲发生器具有中空壳体和流体置换器，其在壳体内部限定适于与气态流体源和冲击机构的内部交替连通的工作室。流体置换器旨在用于在壳体内的强制位移，以将撞击机构的腔室传递给导致活塞锤往复运动的气态流体的脉冲压力。冲击机构的内部与外部隔离，而压力脉冲器的工作室与冲击机构的至少一个室连通，冲击机构的腔室通过限流器通道连续相互连通。

5. 发明授权

US4570723A Machine for driving holes in the ground 失效
标题翻译：用于在地面上打孔的机器
公开(公告)号：US4570723A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-18
申请号：US610836
申请日：1984-05-16
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Andron T. Karavaev , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Alexei D. Terskov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Igor I. Reznikov , Vladimir I. Tarasenko
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Andron T. Karavaev , Vladimir D. Plavskikh , Alexei D. Terskov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Igor I. Reznikov , Vladimir I. Tarasenko
IPC分类号： E02F5/18 , E21B4/14 , E21B7/26 , E21B10/26 , E21B10/40 , B25F5/02
CPC分类号： E21B10/40 , E21B10/26 , E21B4/145 , E21B7/26
摘要： A machine for driving holes in the ground comprises a cylindrical housing, hammer disposed inside the housing, and an air distribution mechanism. Longitudinal recesses and projections are provided on a portion of the outer surface of the housing at its head end section. The diameter of the cylindrical part of the housing is greater than the diameter of a circle described about the bottoms of the recesses and smaller than the diameter of a circle described about the tops of the projections.
摘要翻译：用于在地面上驱动孔的机器包括圆柱形壳体，设置在壳体内的锤和空气分配机构。在外壳的外表面的其头端部分的一部分设有纵向凹凸。壳体的圆柱形部分的直径大于围绕凹部底部描述的圆的直径，并且小于围绕突起的顶部描述的圆的直径。

6. 发明授权

US4722403A Annular air-hammer apparatus for drilling holes 失效
标题翻译：用于钻孔的环形气锤装置
公开(公告)号：US4722403A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-02
申请号：US893285
申请日：1986-08-05
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Boris B. Danilov , Boris N. Smolyanitsky , Vladimir P. Boginsky , Jury N. Syryamin , David I. Kogan , Oleg V. Smirnov , Yacheslav N. Saveliev
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Boris B. Danilov , Boris N. Smolyanitsky , Vladimir P. Boginsky , Jury N. Syryamin , David I. Kogan , Oleg V. Smirnov , Yacheslav N. Saveliev
IPC分类号： E21B4/14 , E21B21/12 , E21B21/00 , E21B1/00
CPC分类号： E21B4/14 , E21B21/12
摘要： The annular air-hammer apparatus for drilling holes comprises a shell hav fitted co-axially therein a chips-receiving sleeve, a hollow cylindrical case, and a ring-shaped hammer capable of reciprocating back and forth. The lower part of the shell accommodates a rock-cutting tool capable of moving axially with at least one blow-off passage formed by at least a single longitudinal groove made on the outer cylindrical surface of the rock-cutting tool. With the rock-cutting tool in its uppermost position, the blow-off passage communicates with an outlet space provided between the shell and the case.
摘要翻译：用于钻孔的环形空气锤装置包括：壳体，其与其同轴地嵌合有芯片接收套筒，中空圆柱形壳体和能够前后往复运动的环形锤。壳体的下部容纳能够在至少一个由至少一个在该切削工具的外圆柱形表面上形成的纵向槽形成的吹出通道的轴向移动的切割工具。当岩石切割工具处于其最高位置时，吹出通道与设置在壳体和壳体之间的出口空间连通。

7. 发明授权

US4637476A Percussive action machine for making holes in the ground 失效
标题翻译：打击机动作机在地面上打孔
公开(公告)号：US4637476A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US720285
申请日：1985-04-04
申请人： Konstantin S. Gurkov , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Gennady A. Tkachenko , Ivan P. Leonov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
发明人： Konstantin S. Gurkov , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Gennady A. Tkachenko , Ivan P. Leonov , Vladimir V. Klimashko
IPC分类号： E21B4/14 , E21B1/00
CPC分类号： E21B4/145
摘要： A percussive action machine includes a housing in which a hammer is movably secured to define a forward stroke chamber and a return stroke chamber. The hammer is provided with an air-distributor fashioned as a sleeve having holes. The hammer is further provided with a device for alternately communicating the return stroke chamber with the forward stroke chamber and with the outside, the device having the form of at least one bore arranged inside the hammer in line with its axis. Communicating with this bore is a tubular control valve extending through the forward stroke chamber and having in its wall at least one hole wherethrough the return stroke chamber alternately communicates with the forward stroke chamber and with the outside.
摘要翻译：冲击动作机器包括壳体，其中锤子可移动地固定以限定向前行程室和返回行程室。锤子设有一个空气分配器，它形成为具有孔的套筒。锤子还设置有用于将返回行程室与前行程室和外部交替地连通的装置，该装置具有布置在锤内与其轴线一致的至少一个孔的形式。与该孔相通的是管状控制阀，其延伸穿过前行程室，并且在其壁上具有至少一个孔，通过返回行程室与前行程室和外部交替连通。

8. 发明授权

US4440240A Method of making holes in the soil and apparatus for performing this method 失效
标题翻译：在土壤中制作孔的方法和用于执行该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US4440240A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US264684
申请日：1981-05-18
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir P. Gileta , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Khaim B. Tkach , Vladimir A. Bakunin , Valery Y. Frenkel , Valery A. Kozlov , Jury B. Reifisov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Mikhail J. Bondar , Vladimir F. Drobyazko , Stanislav B. Stazhevsky , Gerald I. Ratskevich , Alexandr A. Fedorov , Anatoly S. Polyakov , Leonid M. Bobylev , Evgeny N. Tsvetkov , Anatoly M. Petreev
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir P. Gileta , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Khaim B. Tkach , Vladimir A. Bakunin , Valery Y. Frenkel , Valery A. Kozlov , Jury B. Reifisov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Mikhail J. Bondar , Vladimir F. Drobyazko , Stanislav B. Stazhevsky , Gerald I. Ratskevich , Alexandr A. Fedorov , Anatoly S. Polyakov , Leonid M. Bobylev , Evgeny N. Tsvetkov , Anatoly M. Petreev
IPC分类号： E02F5/18 , E21B7/20 , E21B7/26 , E21B11/02
CPC分类号： E21B7/265 , E21B7/205
摘要： The method of making holes in the soil includes driving a capsule into theoil by percussive action and filling the capsule with the soil. Then the driving of the capsule into the soil by percussive action is continued, with the soil passing therethrough. The capsule is then withdrawn from the hole, and the soil that has passed through the capsule is also removed from the hole, whereafter the soil is removed from the capsule itself. The apparatus for making holes, performing the disclosed method, comprises a capsule capable of receiving the soil therein, having an open soil intake end, its opposite end being a partly open one. The capsule incorporates a percussive mechanism.
摘要翻译：在土壤中形成孔的方法包括通过冲击作用将胶囊推入土壤，并用土壤填充胶囊。然后继续通过冲击作用将胶囊推入土壤，土壤通过。然后将胶囊从孔中取出，并且已经通过胶囊的土壤也从孔中除去，之后将土壤从胶囊本身中取出。用于制造孔的装置，执行所公开的方法，包括能够接收其中的污物的胶囊，具有开放的土壤进入端，其相对端是部分敞开的。胶囊包含冲击机制。

9. 发明授权

US4194435A Percussion mechanism 失效
标题翻译：打击乐机制
公开(公告)号：US4194435A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-25
申请号：US811836
申请日：1977-06-30
申请人： Viktor A. Gaun , Anatoly V. Belousov , Vadim D. Petukhov , Gennady I. Suxov , Nikolai A. Belyaev , Vitaly K. Alyabiev , Klimenty E. Rassomakhin
发明人： Viktor A. Gaun , Anatoly V. Belousov , Vadim D. Petukhov , Gennady I. Suxov , Nikolai A. Belyaev , Vitaly K. Alyabiev , Klimenty E. Rassomakhin
IPC分类号： B25D9/16 , E02D7/10 , E21B1/30 , E21B4/14 , F01L21/02
CPC分类号： B25D9/16 , E02D7/10 , E21B4/14 , E21B4/145 , Y10T137/7861 , Y10T137/7896
摘要： The fluid-actuated percussion mechanism includes a housing with an internalylindrical space wherein a reciprocating piston, which divides the space into a working stroke chamber and an idle stroke chamber, is received. The mechanism further includes fluid distributing means and a distribution unit mounted in the housing for placing the chambers and a source of the working fluid in communication. The housing also accommodates a work-performing member adapted to receive impacts from the piston. The distribution unit includes at the inlet of at least one of the chambers a valve made in the form of a resilient annular element. The surface of the distribution unit has valve seats made in it, the number of which corresponds to that of the inlets for supplying the working fluid into the chambers. The resilient valve element is taut about the surface of the distribution unit in opposition to the inlets and encircles the periphery of the unit. The internal surface of the resilient element with the valve seat and the external surface of the resilient element with the housing each define at least one inlet passage for supplying the working fluid to the inlets.The disclosed structure of the valve, of the distribution unit and of the housing enables an increase in the total flow area of the passages through which the working fluid is supplied to the inlets of the chambers and thus an increase in the power output of the percussion mechanism.
摘要翻译：流体致动的冲击机构包括具有内部圆柱形空间的壳体，其中容纳将空间分成工作行程室和空转行程室的往复活塞。该机构还包括流体分配装置和安装在壳体中的分配单元，用于放置室和工作流体源连通。壳体还容纳适于接收活塞冲击的工作执行构件。分配单元在至少一个室的入口处包括以弹性环形元件形式制成的阀。分配单元的表面具有在其中制成的阀座，其数量对应于用于将工作流体供应到室中的入口的数量。弹性阀元件与分配单元的表面相对于入口张紧并且环绕单元的周边。具有阀座的弹性元件的内表面和具有壳体的弹性元件的外表面限定了用于将工作流体供应到入口的至少一个入口通道。所公开的阀门，分配单元和壳体的结构使得能够增加通道的总流动面积，通过该通道将工作流体供应到室的入口，从而增加了冲击的功率输出机制。

10. 发明授权

US5057198A Method and electrolyzer for softening water 失效
标题翻译： SOFTENING水的方法和电解液
公开(公告)号：US5057198A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-15
申请号：US460902
申请日：1990-02-08
申请人： Gely R. Bochkarev , Alexandr V. Beloborodov , Galina I. Pushkareva
发明人： Gely R. Bochkarev , Alexandr V. Beloborodov , Galina I. Pushkareva
IPC分类号： C02F1/00 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/461 , C02F1/469
CPC分类号： C02F1/4602 , C02F1/4604 , C02F1/4618 , C02F1/001 , C02F1/469 , C02F2001/46119 , C02F2001/46157 , C02F2201/4611 , C02F2201/46115 , C02F2301/024
摘要： The invention relates to the field of water purification. A method for sening water by way of its electrochemical treatment involves causing water to pass in the form of two streams through anode and cathode chambers of a membrane electrolyzer. According to the invention, the water stream being fed to the anode chamber is preliminarily softened before supplying it to the anode chamber, and this stream is in the form of catholyte after the separation of precipitating hardness salts therefrom, anolyte being used as the end product. An electrolyzer for softening water has a casing divided by membranes into anode and cathode chambers, respectively. According to the invention, anodes are spaced from the membrane, and perforation holes of a cathode are in the form of slits extending about perpendicularly with respect to the water flow direction, and projections are provided on the surface of the cathode facing towards the interior of the cathode chamber inbetween the slits, the leading faces of the projections in the flow direction being inclined at an agle of 20.degree. to 40.degree. with respect to the surface of the membranes.The invention may be used in any fields where water softening is required.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SU89 / 00124 Sec。 371日期1990年2月8日 102（e）1990年2月8日PCT PCT 1989年5月19日PCT公布。公开号WO89 / 11453 日期为1989年11月30日。本发明涉及水净化领域。通过其电化学处理软化水的方法包括使水以两股流的形式通过膜式电解器的阳极和阴极室。根据本发明，供给阳极室的水流在将其供给到阳极室之前被预先软化，并且在从其中分离出沉淀硬度盐之后，该物流为阴极电解液的形式，阳极电解液用作最终产物。用于软化水的电解槽具有分别由膜分成阳极室和阴极室的壳体。根据本发明，阳极与膜间隔开，并且阴极的穿孔是相对于水流方向垂直延伸的缝隙的形式，并且在阴极的表面上设置突起，面向内部阴极室在狭缝之间，突起的流动方向的前表面相对于膜的表面倾斜20°至40°的角度。本发明可用于需要水软化的任何领域。

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