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1. 发明公开

EP4236188A3 COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHOD SUITABLE FOR INCREASING THE SECURITY OF INSTANT OFF-LINE BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4236188A3
公开(公告)日：2023-09-13
申请号：EP23163310.8
申请日：2019-03-25
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： WRIGHT, Craig Steven , TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： H04L9/00 , H04L9/32 , G06Q20/06 , G06Q20/10 , G06Q20/36
摘要： This specification describes a system and method that enables bitcoin signed transactions to be accepted as a payment for goods and services instantly and off-line, without the need to wait for confirmation that the transaction is included in a valid block, or even for confirmation that a transaction has been received by the network. Building on the concept of a one-time signature implemented within bitcoin script, this method involves a payer providing the payee with a special compensation key at the point-of-sale which can be used to claim a time-locked deposit output when combined with a 'revealed' private key, if (and only if) a double-spend is perpetrated by the payee. The validity of this compensation key is guaranteed via a novel type of zero-knowledge-proof, which is highly efficient: the proof can be generated in ~ 5 milliseconds and can be verified in ~30 milliseconds. The use of this system in a retail setting would allow vendors to accept instant cryptocurrency payments off-line for high value items without aggregated risk of loss, and without the need to trust a third party service.

2. 发明公开

EP4235551A3 SECURE OFF-CHAIN BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4235551A3
公开(公告)日：2023-09-13
申请号：EP23163277.9
申请日：2018-05-11
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： G06Q20/38 , G06Q20/02
摘要： A computer-implemented method including: i) attaching a digital asset of a first party to an exchange platform by: a) computing a first shared key associated with the digital asset using a key of the first party and a first key of the exchange platform; and b) depositing the digital asset to a blockchain network by: 1) generating a funding transaction payable to any party from the digital asset using the first shared key; and 2) broadcasting the funding transaction to the blockchain network; and ii) reassociating the digital asset from the first party to the second party by: a) computing a second key of the exchange platform using a key of the second party such that: 1) the key of the first party becomes invalid; and 2) a second shared key associated with the digital asset that is computed from the key of the second party and the second key of the exchange platform is equal to the first shared key associated with the digital asset; and b) replacing the first key of the exchange platform with a second key of the exchange platform.

3. 发明公开

EP4398141A3 COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXCHANGE OF DATA 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4398141A3
公开(公告)日：2024-09-18
申请号：EP24177821.6
申请日：2019-03-18
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： TREVETHAN, Thomas , WRIGHT, Craig Steven
IPC分类号： H04L9/32 , H04L9/00 , G06F21/64
CPC分类号： H04L9/3218 , H04L9/50 , G06F21/64 , H04L2209/5620130101 , H04L9/008 , H04L9/3252
摘要： The invention relates to efficient zero knowledge verification of composite statements that involve both arithmetic circuit satisfiability and dependent statements about the validity of public keys (key-statement proofs) simultaneously. The method enables a prover to prove this particular statement in zero-knowledge.
More specifically, the invention relates to a computer-implemented method for enabling zero-knowledge proof or verification of a statement (S) in which a prover proves to a verifier that a statement is true while keeping a witness (W) to the statement a secret. The invention also relates to the reciprocal method employed by a verifier who verifies the proof.
The method includes the prover sending to the verifier a statement (S) having an arithmetic circuit with m gates and n wires configured to implement a function circuit and determine whether for a given function circuit output (h) and an elliptic curve point (P), the function circuit input (s) to a wire of the function circuit is equal to the corresponding elliptic curve point multiplier (s). The prover also sends individual wire commitments and/or a batched commitment for wires of the circuit, an input for a wire in the arithmetic circuit; and a function circuit output (h). The prover receives from the verifier a challenge value (x) and responding with an opening or additionally sends a proving key (PrK) to the verifier. The statement and the data enables the verifier to determine that the circuit is satisfied and calculate the elliptic curve point (P) and validate the statement, thus determining that the prover holds the witness (W) to the statement.

4. 发明公开

EP4235549A3 RAPID DISTRIBUTED CONSENSUS ON BLOCKCHAIN 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4235549A3
公开(公告)日：2023-09-27
申请号：EP23163313.2
申请日：2018-04-09
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： FLETCHER, John , TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： G06Q20/06 , G06Q20/36 , G06Q20/38 , H04L9/32 , G06F21/64
摘要： There may be provided a computer-implemented method. It may be implemented using a blockchain network such as, for example, the Bitcoin network. The computer-implemented method includes i) joining, by a node, a group through transfer of tokens to a public group address to become a group member, the group being associated with a threshold signature scheme for which the node controls a private key share, the transfer of tokens being made on a proof-of-work blockchain network; and ii) cooperating, by the node, with other nodes of the group to achieve a distributed consensus as to the correctness of work product of a proposer in response to a challenge, by a challenger, of that work product, the challenge responsive to a request made by a requester, , wherein achieving the distributed consensus includes: a) deploying a ghost chain to achieve the distributed consensus resolving the challenge, the ghost chain being a proof-of-stake blockchain in which miners of the ghost chain are members of the group; and c) terminating the ghost chain upon resolution of the challenge.

5. 发明公开

EP4235551A2 SECURE OFF-CHAIN BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4235551A2
公开(公告)日：2023-08-30
申请号：EP23163277.9
申请日：2018-05-11
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： G06Q20/38 , G06Q20/02
摘要： A computer-implemented method including: i) attaching a digital asset of a first party to an exchange platform by: a) computing a first shared key associated with the digital asset using a key of the first party and a first key of the exchange platform; and b) depositing the digital asset to a blockchain network by: 1) generating a funding transaction payable to any party from the digital asset using the first shared key; and 2) broadcasting the funding transaction to the blockchain network; and ii) reassociating the digital asset from the first party to the second party by: a) computing a second key of the exchange platform using a key of the second party such that: 1) the key of the first party becomes invalid; and 2) a second shared key associated with the digital asset that is computed from the key of the second party and the second key of the exchange platform is equal to the first shared key associated with the digital asset; and b) replacing the first key of the exchange platform with a second key of the exchange platform.

6. 发明公开

EP4221074A1 CONTROLLED CRYPTOGRAPHIC PRIVATE KEY RELEASE 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4221074A1
公开(公告)日：2023-08-02
申请号：EP23164206.7
申请日：2018-06-22
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： FLETCHER, John , TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： H04L9/08 , G06F21/64 , H04L9/32 , H04L9/00
摘要： A computer-implemented method includes: storing an encryption public key that is associated with a group of nodes, each node in the group associated with a private key share, the private key shares associated with a threshold private key reconstruction scheme for the group to allow an encryption private key associated with the encryption public key to be determined from at least a threshold of the private key shares; iteratively obtaining a plurality of indicators provided by a plurality of nodes of the group, each of the indicators representing one of an encryption private key share or a dummy signal; and identifying the encryption private key by iteratively: i) selecting a subset of the indicators; ii) calculating a possible shared secret; and iii) evaluating each possible shared secret against the encryption public key to determine whether the possible shared secret is the encryption private key. The invention is suited for implementation on a blockchain.

7. 发明公开

EP4235549A2 RAPID DISTRIBUTED CONSENSUS ON BLOCKCHAIN 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4235549A2
公开(公告)日：2023-08-30
申请号：EP23163313.2
申请日：2018-04-09
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： FLETCHER, John , TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： G06Q20/06 , G06Q20/36 , G06Q20/38 , H04L9/32 , G06F21/64
摘要： There may be provided a computer-implemented method. It may be implemented using a blockchain network such as, for example, the Bitcoin network. The computer-implemented method includes i) joining, by a node, a group through transfer of tokens to a public group address to become a group member, the group being associated with a threshold signature scheme for which the node controls a private key share, the transfer of tokens being made on a proof-of-work blockchain network; and ii) cooperating, by the node, with other nodes of the group to achieve a distributed consensus as to the correctness of work product of a proposer in response to a challenge, by a challenger, of that work product, the challenge responsive to a request made by a requester, , wherein achieving the distributed consensus includes: a) deploying a ghost chain to achieve the distributed consensus resolving the challenge, the ghost chain being a proof-of-stake blockchain in which miners of the ghost chain are members of the group; and c) terminating the ghost chain upon resolution of the challenge.

8. 发明公开

EP4340295A3 COMPUTER IMPLEMENTED METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TRANSFERRING ACCESS TO A DIGITAL ASSET 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4340295A3
公开(公告)日：2024-05-01
申请号：EP24154980.7
申请日：2019-03-26
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： WRIGHT, Craig Steven , FLETCHER, John , TREVETHAN, Thomas
IPC分类号： H04L9/00 , H04L9/08 , H04L9/30 , H04L9/32
CPC分类号： H04L9/085 , H04L9/3066 , H04L9/3236 , H04L9/3247 , H04L2209/5620130101 , H04L9/50
摘要： A method of transferring access to a digital asset comprises providing each of a plurality of participants with a respective share of a second private key of a second private-public key pair of a cryptography system, and splitting the respective share of one of the participants is into a plurality of sub-shares before deleting it. A first blockchain transaction is received from a first participant of the participants by each of a plurality of second participants of the participants, wherein the first participant has a first private key of a first private-public key pair of the cryptography system, and wherein the first blockchain transaction is signed with the first private key. A plurality of the second participants verify that the first blockchain transaction has been signed with the first private key, and apply a respective the share of the second private key to the first blockchain transaction to generate a respective share of a first secret value, wherein the first secret value is a second blockchain transaction signed with the second private key, wherein the first secret value is accessible to a first threshold number of the shares of the first secret value and is inaccessible to less than the first threshold number of shares of the first secret value. At least the first threshold number of the shares of the first secret value are combined, from the first participant and a plurality of the second participants, to generate the first secret value.

9. 发明公开

EP4060544A1 BLOCKCHAIN FOR GENERAL COMPUTATION 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4060544A1
公开(公告)日：2022-09-21
申请号：EP22160308.7
申请日：2018-06-04
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： TREVETHAN, Thomas , WRIGHT, Craig Steven
IPC分类号： G06F21/64 , G06Q20/38 , H04L9/08 , H04L9/32 , H04L9/00
摘要： There may be provided a computer-implemented method. It may be implemented using a blockchain network such as, for example, the Bitcoin network. The computer-implemented method includes: i) monitoring a computational task distribution system to detect a challenge to a proposer string provided by a proposer computer system in response to a request made by a requester computer system, the request specifying a computational task and a first digital asset associated with the request, the proposer string indicated by a hash of a solution to the computational task, the proposer string specifying a second digital asset referenced in an input to a proposer transaction associated with the proposer string; and ii) as a result of detecting the challenge, at least: a) resolving the challenge using a first blockchain network by at least selecting a solution from a set of solutions provided to the first blockchain network, the set of solutions at least including the proposer string; and b) distributing digital assets from the first digital asset and the second digital asset to one or more parties of the computational task distribution system based at least in part on the solution.

10. 发明公开

EP4398141A2 COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXCHANGE OF DATA 审中-实审
公开(公告)号：EP4398141A2
公开(公告)日：2024-07-10
申请号：EP24177821.6
申请日：2019-03-18
申请人： nChain Licensing AG
发明人： TREVETHAN, Thomas , WRIGHT, Craig Steven
IPC分类号： G06F21/64
CPC分类号： H04L9/3218 , H04L9/50 , G06F21/64 , H04L2209/5620130101 , H04L9/008 , H04L9/3252
摘要： The invention relates to efficient zero knowledge verification of composite statements that involve both arithmetic circuit satisfiability and dependent statements about the validity of public keys (key-statement proofs) simultaneously. The method enables a prover to prove this particular statement in zero-knowledge.
More specifically, the invention relates to a computer-implemented method for enabling zero-knowledge proof or verification of a statement (S) in which a prover proves to a verifier that a statement is true while keeping a witness (W) to the statement a secret. The invention also relates to the reciprocal method employed by a verifier who verifies the proof.
The method includes the prover sending to the verifier a statement (S) having an arithmetic circuit with m gates and n wires configured to implement a function circuit and determine whether for a given function circuit output (h) and an elliptic curve point (P), the function circuit input (s) to a wire of the function circuit is equal to the corresponding elliptic curve point multiplier (s). The prover also sends individual wire commitments and/or a batched commitment for wires of the circuit, an input for a wire in the arithmetic circuit; and a function circuit output (h). The prover receives from the verifier a challenge value (x) and responding with an opening or additionally sends a proving key (PrK) to the verifier. The statement and the data enables the verifier to determine that the circuit is satisfied and calculate the elliptic curve point (P) and validate the statement, thus determining that the prover holds the witness (W) to the statement.

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