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    • 2. 发明申请
    • Anodizing Electrolytes Using A Dual Acid System For High Voltage Electrolytic Capacitor Anodes
    • 用高电压电解电容阳极的双酸性阳极氧化电解质
    • US20070221507A1
    • 2007-09-27
    • US11677342
    • 2007-02-21
    • Yanming LiuDavid GoadDavid BudekChristina Scheuer
    • Yanming LiuDavid GoadDavid BudekChristina Scheuer
    • C25D9/00
    • C25D11/26A61N1/3975C25D11/024C25D11/08H01G9/0032
    • An improved formation electrolyte and method for anodizing valve metal anodes used in electrolytic capacitors, particularly for high voltage sintered tantalum powder anode, is described. The anodizing electrolyte composition is comprised of 1) a phosphorus oxyacid and/or its salt, such as phosphoric acid and ammonium phosphate; 2) a weak inorganic acid/salt (such as boric acid, ammonium borate) or a weak carboxylic acid/salt; 3) water; and 4) a protic solvent or a mixture of two or more protic solvents. The weak mono-carboxylic acid/salt has 2 to 7 carbon atoms and the weak di- or poly-carboxylic acid/salt has 3 to 13 carbon atoms. The present electrolytes have high anodizing breakdown voltage capability and the formed dielectric oxides have improved oxide quality including good oxide hydration resistant ability, and result in more stable capacitor performance. These properties are particularly important for critical applications such as implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). Significantly, this means that fewer capacitors are needed to meet an ICD's operating voltage.
    • 描述了用于阳极氧化用于电解电容器中的阀金属阳极,特别是用于高压烧结钽粉末阳极的改进的地层电解质和方法。 阳极氧化电解质组合物包括1)磷酸和/或其盐如磷酸和磷酸铵; 2)弱无机酸/盐(如硼酸,硼酸铵)或弱羧酸/盐; 3)水; 和4)质子溶剂或两种或更多种质子溶剂的混合物。 弱单羧酸/盐具有2至7个碳原子,弱二羧酸/多羧酸/盐具有3至13个碳原子。 本发明的电解质具有高的阳极氧化击穿电压能力,并且形成的电介质氧化物具有改善的氧化物质量,包括良好的氧化物水合抗性能,并且导致更稳定的电容器性能。 这些特性对于诸如植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD)等关键应用尤其重要。 重要的是,这意味着需要更少的电容来满足ICD的工作电压。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Single mode optical waveguide fiber with reduced dispersion
    • 具有降低色散的单模光纤光纤
    • US06434310B1
    • 2002-08-13
    • US09974532
    • 2001-10-09
    • Yanming LiuShiva Kumar
    • Yanming LiuShiva Kumar
    • G02B616
    • G02B6/03644G02B6/02014G02B6/02242G02B6/02266G02B6/0281G02B6/03611
    • A single mode optical waveguide fiber having a relatively large effective area and low dispersion includes a segmented core having at least two segments each defining a radius, a refractive index profile and a relative refractive index percent. The waveguide fiber also includes a clad layer surrounding and in contact with the core and having a relative refractive index. The refractive index profiles are selected to provide total dispersion at a wavelength of about 1550 nm of within the range of about 11 ps/nm-km to about 14 ps/nm-km, and total dispersion slope at a wavelength of about 1550 nm of within the range of about 0.045 ps/nm2-km to about 0.055 ps/nm2-km. The refractive index profiles are further selected to provide an effective area greater than or equal to 60 &mgr;m2, and attenuation at a wavelength of about 1550 nm of less than or equal to 0.22 dB/km.
    • 具有相对较大的有效面积和低色散的单模光纤光纤包括具有至少两个段的分段芯,每个段限定半径,折射率分布和相对折射率百分比。 波导纤维还包括围绕并与芯接触并具有相对折射率的包覆层。 选择折射率分布以在约1550nm的波长处提供在约11ps / nm-km至约14ps / nm-km的范围内的总色散,并且在约1550nm的波长处的总色散斜率 在约0.045ps / nm 2-km至约0.055ps / nm 2-km的范围内。 进一步选择折射率分布以提供大于或等于60mum2的有效面积,以及在约1550nm的波长处的衰减小于或等于0.22dB / km。