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1. 发明授权

US07451657B2 Material condition monitoring with multiple sensing modes 有权
标题翻译：物料状态监测与多种感应模式
公开(公告)号：US07451657B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11036780
申请日：2005-01-14
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Volker Weiss , Christopher A. Craven , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Karen E. Walrath , Robert J. Lyons
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Volker Weiss , Christopher A. Craven , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Karen E. Walrath , Robert J. Lyons
IPC分类号： G01B5/30
CPC分类号： G01N27/9013
摘要： Methods are described for assessing material condition. These methods include the use of multiple source fields for interrogating and loading of a multicomponent test material. Source fields include electric, magnetic, thermal, and acoustic fields. The loading field preferentially changes the material properties of a component of the test material, which allows the properties of the component materials to be separated. Methods are also described for monitoring changes in material state using separate drive and sense electrodes with some of the electrodes positioned on a hidden or even embedded material surface. Statistical characterization of the material condition is performed with sensor arrays that provide multiple responses for the material condition during loading. The responses can be combined into a statistical population that permits tracking with respect to loading history. Methods are also described for measuring the stress in the material by independently estimating effective electrical properties, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, using layered models or predetermined spatial distributions with depth that are then correlated with the stress.
摘要翻译：描述了评估材料状况的方法。这些方法包括使用多个源字段来询问和加载多组分测试材料。源场包括电，磁，热和声场。加载场优先改变测试材料的组分的材料性质，这允许分离组分材料的性质。还描述了用于使用单独的驱动和感测电极来监测材料状态的变化的方法，其中一些电极位于隐藏的或甚至嵌入的材料表面上。使用传感器阵列进行材料状态的统计表征，这些传感器阵列在加载期间为材料状态提供多个响应。响应可以组合成允许跟踪加载历史的统计数据。还描述了通过使用分层模型或具有深度的预定空间分布独立地估计有效电特性（例如磁导率或导电性）来测量材料中的应力的方法，然后与应力相关联。

2. 发明授权

US07161350B2 Method for material property monitoring with perforated, surface mounted sensors 有权
标题翻译：具有穿孔，表面安装传感器的材料性能监测方法
公开(公告)号：US07161350B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-09
申请号：US10633905
申请日：2003-08-04
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , David C. Clark , Karen E. Walrath , Volker Weiss , William M. Chepolis , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , David C. Clark , Karen E. Walrath , Volker Weiss , William M. Chepolis , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/90 , G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Material condition monitoring may be performed by electromagnetic sensors and sensor arrays mounted to the material surface. The sensors typically have a periodic winding or electrode structure that creates a periodic sensing field when driven by an electrical signal. The sensors can be thin and flexible so that they conform to the surface of the test material. They can also be mounted such that they do not significantly modify the environmental exposure conditions for the test material, such as by creating stand-off gaps between the sensor and material surface or by perforating the sensor substrate.
摘要翻译：材料状态监测可以由安装在材料表面的电磁传感器和传感器阵列执行。传感器通常具有周期性的绕组或电极结构，其在由电信号驱动时产生周期性感测场。这些传感器可以是薄而灵活的，以使它们符合测试材料的表面。它们也可以被安装成使得它们不会显着地改变测试材料的环境暴露条件，例如通过在传感器和材料表面之间产生隔离间隙或通过穿孔传感器基板。

3. 发明授权

US07049811B2 Test circuit having parallel drive segments and a plurality of sense elements 有权
标题翻译：测试电路具有平行的驱动段和多个感测元件
公开(公告)号：US07049811B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-23
申请号：US10876002
申请日：2004-06-23
申请人： Darrell E. Schlicker , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Mark Windoloski
发明人： Darrell E. Schlicker , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Mark Windoloski
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N27/82 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9033 , G01N27/82 , G01N27/902 , G01N27/904
摘要： A test circuit having a drive winding with parallel conducting segments and a plurality of sense elements used for the nondestructive measurement of materials. The drive winding segments have extended portions and are driven by a time varying electric current to impose a magnetic field in the test material. Sense elements are distributed in a direction parallel to the extended portions of these drive segments, with separate connections provided to each sense element. A second plurality of sense elements may also be distributed parallel to the extended portions of the drive windings, being either aligned or offset from a first plurality of sense elements.
摘要翻译：一种测试电路，具有具有平行导电段的驱动绕组和用于材料的非破坏性测量的多个感测元件。驱动绕组段具有延伸部分并且由时变电流驱动以在测试材料中施加磁场。感测元件沿平行于这些驱动段的延伸部分的方向分布，其中单独的连接提供给每个感测元件。第二组多个感测元件也可以平行于驱动绕组的延伸部分分布，与第一多个感测元件对准或偏移。

4. 发明授权

US08222897B2 Test circuit with sense elements having associated and unassociated primary windings 有权
标题翻译：具有感应元件的测试电路具有相关联和未相关的初级绕组
公开(公告)号：US08222897B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-17
申请号：US12157719
申请日：2008-06-12
申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
IPC分类号： G01R33/12 , G01N27/72 , G01N27/90 , G01B7/24
CPC分类号： G01L3/105 , G01L1/125 , G01L1/127 , G01L3/102 , G01L5/164
摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. In a bidirectional implementation the meanders are oriented 90° apart while in a quadridirectional implementation the meanders are orientated at −45, 0, 45, and 90°. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence. After the correction, the permeability measurement is then used to assess the local stresses and strains in the material of interest.
摘要翻译：一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折中的感测元件或导电环路以不同方向提供测试材料状况的方向测量，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。在双向实施中，蜿蜒相隔90°，而在四向实施中，蜿蜒方向定位在-45°，0°，45°和90°。多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。在校正之后，然后使用渗透性测量来评估感兴趣的材料中的局部应力和应变。

5. 发明授权

US07589526B2 Surface mounted sensor arrays having segmented primary windings 有权
标题翻译：具有分段初级绕组的表面安装传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US07589526B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-15
申请号：US11807873
申请日：2007-05-30
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N27/82 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/90 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： One of the issues with planar eddy-current sensors is the placement of the current return for the primary winding. Often the ends of the primary winding are spatially distant from one another, which creates an extraneous and large inductive loop that can influence the measurements. A sensor geometry featuring a primary winding that reduces the effect of this inductive loop is presented. The primary winding may include a plurality of parallel extended winding segments. The segments further include adjacent individual drive coils. Current flows through individual drive coils in an alternating fashion. Current flows through adjacent drive coil portions in a common direction, thereby imposing a spatially periodic magnetic field with at least two periods.
摘要翻译：平面涡流传感器的一个问题是放置初级绕组的电流回报。通常，初级绕组的端部在空间上彼此远离，这产生可影响测量的外部和大的感应回路。提出了一种具有初级绕组的传感器几何形状，可以降低该感应回路的影响。初级绕组可以包括多个平行延伸的绕组段。这些段还包括相邻的单独的驱动线圈。电流以交替的方式流过各个驱动线圈。电流沿相同的方向流过相邻的驱动线圈部分，由此在至少两个周期内施加空间周期的磁场。

6. 发明授权

US07348771B2 Method for verifying sensor condition 有权
标题翻译：检测传感器状况的方法
公开(公告)号：US07348771B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-25
申请号：US11522628
申请日：2006-09-18
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukemik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukemik
IPC分类号： G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Sensor condition verification may be performed on electromagnetic sensors and sensor arrays mounted to a material surface. The sensors typically have a periodic winding or electrode structure that creates a periodic sensing field when driven by an electrical signal. The sensors can be thin and flexible so that they conform to the surface of the test material. Monitoring the conductivity changes of a test material, with changes in temperature, may provide a mechanism for testing the integrity of the sensor. Changes in the conductivity, due to changes in temperature, without significant lift-off changes may verify the calibration of the sensor and that the sensor elements themselves are intact.
摘要翻译：可以在安装到材料表面的电磁传感器和传感器阵列上执行传感器状态验证。传感器通常具有周期性的绕组或电极结构，其在由电信号驱动时产生周期性感测场。这些传感器可以是薄而灵活的，以使它们符合测试材料的表面。监测测试材料的电导率变化随着温度的变化，可以提供一种用于测试传感器完整性的机制。电导率的变化，由于温度的变化，没有明显的剥离变化可以验证传感器的校准，并且传感器元件本身是完整的。

7. 发明授权

US06798198B2 Fluid supports for sensors 有权
标题翻译：用于传感器的流体支架
公开(公告)号：US06798198B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10348339
申请日：2003-01-21
申请人： Vladimir Tsukernik , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Eric Hill , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
发明人： Vladimir Tsukernik , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Eric Hill , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
IPC分类号： G01N2782
CPC分类号： G01N27/82
摘要： Pressurized elastic support structures or balloons are used to press flexible sensors against the surface a material under test. Rigid support elements can also be incorporated into the inspection devices to maintain the basic shape of the inspection structure and to facilitate positioning of the sensors near the test material surface. The rigid supports can have the approximate shape of the test material surface or the pressurization of one or more balloons can be used to conform the sensor to the shape of the test material surface.
摘要翻译：使用加压的弹性支撑结构或气球将柔性传感器压在表面上，以测试被测材料。也可以将刚性支撑元件结合到检查装置中，以维持检查结构的基本形状并且便于传感器在测试材料表面附近的定位。刚性支撑件可以具有测试材料表面的近似形状，或者可以使用一个或多个气囊的加压使传感器与测试材料表面的形状相一致。

8. 发明授权

US07230421B2 Damage standard fabrication with attached sensor 有权
标题翻译：附带传感器的损坏标准制造
公开(公告)号：US07230421B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-12
申请号：US11071051
申请日：2005-03-02
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Volker Weiss , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Volker Weiss , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01N27/72 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/90 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Reference standards or articles having prescribed levels of damage are fabricated by monitoring an electrical property of the article material, mechanically loading the article, and removing the load when a change in electrical properties indicates a prescribed level of damage. The electrical property is measured with an electromagnetic sensor, such as a flexible eddy current sensor, attached to a material surface, which may be between layers of the article material. The damage may be in the form of a fatigue crack or a change in the mechanical stress underneath the sensor. The shape of the article material may be adjusted to concentrate the stress so that the damage initiates under the sensor. Examples adjustments to the article shape include the use of dogbone geometries with thin center sections, reinforcement ribs on the edges of the article, and radius cut-outs in the vicinity of the thin section.
摘要翻译：通过监测物品的电气性能，机械装载物品，以及当电气特性的变化表示规定的损伤程度时去除负载，制造具有规定的损伤程度的参考标准或制品。电气特性用电磁传感器（例如柔性涡流传感器）测量，该传感器连接到材料表面，材料表面可以在物品层之间。损伤可能是疲劳裂纹的形式或传感器下面的机械应力的变化。可以调节制品材料的形状以集中应力，使得损伤在传感器下方开始。对物品形状的实例调整包括使用具有薄中心部分的狗骨形几何形状，在制品的边缘上使用加强筋，以及在薄部分附近使用半径切口。

9. 发明授权

US08415947B2 Method for stress assessment that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the material property measurements 有权
标题翻译：应力评估方法可以消除材料性能测量中的温度影响和滞后
公开(公告)号：US08415947B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-09
申请号：US13549875
申请日：2012-07-16
申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
IPC分类号： G01R33/12 , G01N27/72 , G01N27/90 , G01B7/24
CPC分类号： G01L3/105 , G01L1/125 , G01L1/127 , G01L3/102 , G01L5/164
摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition. In successive layers extended portions of the meanders are rotated so that the sense elements provide material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence.
摘要翻译：一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折内的感测元件或导电回路提供测试材料状况的定向测量。在连续的层中，蜿蜒的延伸部分被旋转，使得感测元件以不同的取向提供材料状态，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。

10. 发明授权

US07994781B2 Eddy current sensor with concentric segments 有权
标题翻译：带同心段的涡流传感器
公开(公告)号：US07994781B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-09
申请号：US12534560
申请日：2009-08-03
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01R33/12 , G01R35/00
CPC分类号： B24B37/005 , B24B21/06
摘要： Reference standards or articles having prescribed levels of damage are fabricated by monitoring an electrical property of the article material, mechanically loading the article, and removing the load when a change in electrical properties indicates a prescribed level of damage. The electrical property is measured with an electromagnetic sensor, such as a flexible eddy current sensor, attached to a material surface, which may be between layers of the article material. The damage may be in the form of a fatigue crack or a change in the mechanical stress underneath the sensor. The shape of the article material may be adjusted to concentrate the stress so that the damage initiates under the sensor. Examples adjustments to the article shape include the use of dogbone geometries with thin center sections, reinforcement ribs on the edges of the article, and radius cut-outs in the vicinity of the thin section. A test circuit includes sensing elements between concentric circular segments of the primary winding and located every other half wavelength of the primary winding.
摘要翻译：通过监测物品的电气性能，机械装载物品以及当电气特性的变化表示规定的损伤程度时，去除负载来制造具有规定损伤水平的参考标准或物品。电气特性用电磁传感器（例如柔性涡流传感器）测量，该传感器连接到材料表面，材料表面可以在物品层之间。损伤可能是疲劳裂纹的形式或传感器下面的机械应力的变化。可以调节制品材料的形状以集中应力，使得损伤在传感器下方开始。对物品形状的实例调整包括使用具有薄中心部分的狗骨形几何形状，在制品的边缘上使用加强筋，以及在薄部分附近使用半径切口。测试电路包括在初级绕组的同心圆形段之间并且位于初级绕组的每隔一半波长的感测元件。

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