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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Multi-phasic microphotodiode retinal implant and adaptive imaging
retinal stimulation system
    • 多相微视觉视网膜植入物和自适应成像视网膜刺激系统
    • US5895415A
    • 1999-04-20
    • US465766
    • 1995-06-06
    • Vincent ChowAlan Y. Chow
    • Vincent ChowAlan Y. Chow
    • A61F9/08A61N1/05A61N1/36A61N1/18
    • A61N1/05A61F9/08A61N1/36046
    • An artificial retina device and a method for stimulating and modulating its function is disclosed. The artificial retina device is comprised of plural multi-phasic microphotodiode subunits. In persons suffering from blindness due to outer retinal layer damage, a plurality of such devices, when surgically implanted into the subretinal space, may allow useful formed artificial vision to develop. One device, called a MMRI-4, transduces light into electric currents to stimulate the retina. The four microphotodiode subunits of the MMRI-4 are oriented so that each flattened sides of the MMRI-4 has two subunits in a PiN configuration and two subunits in a NiP configuration. By projecting real or computer controlled visible light images, and computer controlled infrared light images or illumination, simultaneously or in rapid alternation onto the MMRI-4s, the nature of induced retinal images may be modulated and improved. An Adaptive Imaging Retinal Stimulation System (AIRES), with a Projection and Tracking Optical System (PTOS), which may be worn as a headset is used for this purpose, and is also disclosed. Color images may even be induced by programming the stimulating pulse durations and frequencies of the AIRES system.
    • 公开了一种人造视网膜装置及其功能的刺激和调节方法。 人造视网膜装置由多个多相微光二极管子单元组成。 在因视网膜外层损伤而失明的人中,当手术植入视网膜内空间时,多个这样的装置可以允许有用的形成的人造视觉发展。 称为MMRI-4的一种装置将光转换成电流以刺激视网膜。 MMRI-4的四个微光二极管子单元被定向为使得MMRI-4的每个扁平侧具有PiN配置中的两个亚基和NiP配置中的两个亚基。 通过将实际或计算机控制的可见光图像和计算机控制的红外光图像或照明同时或快速交替地投射到MMRI-4上,可以调制和改善诱导的视网膜图像的性质。 使用具有投影和跟踪光学系统(PTOS)的自适应成像视网膜刺激系统(AIRES)可以作为耳机佩戴,并且还被公开。 甚至可以通过编程AIRES系统的刺激脉冲持续时间和频率来诱导彩色图像。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Multi-phasic microphotodiode retinal implant and adaptive imaging retinal stimulation system
    • 多相微视觉视网膜植入物和自适应成像视网膜刺激系统
    • US07139612B2
    • 2006-11-21
    • US10600404
    • 2003-06-20
    • Vincent ChowAlan Y. Chow
    • Vincent ChowAlan Y. Chow
    • A61N1/18
    • A61N1/0543A61F9/08A61N1/05A61N1/36046
    • An artificial retina device and a retinal stimulation system and method for stimulating and modulating its function is disclosed. The artificial retina device includes multi-phasic microphotodiode subunits. In persons suffering from blindness due to outer retinal layer damage, a plurality of such devices, when surgically implanted into the subretinal space, may allow useful formed artificial vision to develop. By projecting real or computer controlled visible light images, and computer controlled infrared light images or illumination, simultaneously or in rapid alternation onto the artificial retina device, the nature of induced retinal images may be modulated and improved. The retinal stimulation system may be worn as a headset. Color images may be induced by programming the stimulating pulse durations and frequencies of the stimulation.
    • 公开了用于刺激和调节其功能的人造视网膜装置和视网膜刺激系统和方法。 人造视网膜装置包括多相微光电二极管子单元。 在因视网膜外层损伤而失明的人中,当手术植入视网膜内空间时,多个这样的装置可以允许有用的形成的人造视觉发展。 通过将实际或计算机控制的可见光图像和计算机控制的红外光图像或照明同时或快速交替地投射到人造视网膜装置上,可以调制和改善诱导的视网膜图像的性质。 视网膜刺激系统可以作为耳机佩戴。 可以通过对刺激的刺激脉冲持续时间和频率进行编程来诱导彩色图像。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Multi-phasic microphotodiode retinal implant and adaptive imaging retinal stimulation system
    • 多相微视觉视网膜植入物和自适应成像视网膜刺激系统
    • US06230057B1
    • 2001-05-08
    • US09100336
    • 1998-03-26
    • Vincent ChowAlan Y. Chow
    • Vincent ChowAlan Y. Chow
    • A61N118
    • A61N1/0543A61F9/08A61N1/05A61N1/36046
    • An artificial retina device and a method for stimulating and modulating its function is disclosed. The artificial retina device is comprised of plural multi-phasic microphotodiode subunits. In persons suffering from blindness due to outer retinal layer damage, a plurality of such devices, when surgically implanted into the subretinal space, may allow useful formed artificial vision to develop. One device, called a MMRI-4, transduces light into electric currents to stimulate the retina. The four microphotodiode subunits of the MMRI-4 are oriented so that each flattened sides of the MMRI-4 has two subunits in a PiN configuration and two subunits in a NiP configuration. Filter layers disposed on the PiN configuration will allow visible light to induce a PiN current, and filter layers disposed on the NiP configuration will allow infrared light to induce a NiP current. By projecting real or computer controlled visible light images, and computer controlled infrared light images or illumination, simultaneously or in rapid alternation onto the MMRI-4s, the nature of induced retinal images may be modulated and improved. An Adaptive Imaging Retinal Stimulation System (AIRES), with a Projection and Tracking Optical System (PTOS), which may be worn as a headset is used for this purpose, and is also disclosed. Color images may even be induced by programming the stimulating pulse durations and frequencies of the AIRES system.
    • 公开了一种人造视网膜装置及其功能的刺激和调节方法。 人造视网膜装置由多个多相微光二极管子单元组成。 在因视网膜外层损伤而失明的人中,当手术植入视网膜内空间时,多个这样的装置可以允许有用的形成的人造视觉发展。 称为MMRI-4的一种装置将光转换成电流以刺激视网膜。 MMRI-4的四个微光二极管子单元被定向为使得MMRI-4的每个扁平侧具有PiN配置中的两个亚基和NiP配置中的两个亚基。 设置在PiN配置上的滤光层将允许可见光诱导PiN电流,并且设置在NiP配置上的滤光层将允许红外光诱导NiP电流。 通过将实际或计算机控制的可见光图像和计算机控制的红外光图像或照明同时或快速交替地投射到MMRI-4上,可以调制和改善诱导的视网膜图像的性质。 使用具有投影和跟踪光学系统(PTOS)的自适应成像视网膜刺激系统(AIRES)可以作为耳机佩戴,并且还被公开。 甚至可以通过编程AIRES系统的刺激脉冲持续时间和频率来诱导彩色图像。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Independent photoelectric artificial retina device and method of using
same
    • 独立光电人造视网膜装置及其使用方法
    • US5397350A
    • 1995-03-14
    • US56672
    • 1993-05-03
    • Alan Y. ChowVincent Chow
    • Alan Y. ChowVincent Chow
    • A61F9/007A61F9/08A61N1/36H01L27/146A61N1/00A61B17/00A61F2/14
    • A61N1/0543A61F9/00727A61F9/08H01L27/14643A61N1/36046
    • Microscopic photoelectric devices with semitransparent surface electrodes are combined with a liquid or other suitable vehicle. Together they are injected into the subretinal space of the eye. The microscopic photoelectric devices transduce incident light into electric current that will stimulate the overlying cellular layers of the retina. In persons suffering from visual disfunction due to outer retinal layer damage, such devices may allow useful formed artificial vision. The preferred independent surface electrode microphotodiodes (ISEMCP's) may be in the shape of microspheres, microdiscs or other microshapes. The ISEMCP's are formed of either PiN or NiP type semiconductors, or a combination of both, in a single unit. These devices will form a dipole when exposed to light due to the electric current generated. A magnetic field applied in the vicinity of the eye may help align the ISEMCP's within the retina so that their photo-active surfaces face the incident light. Alternatively, the ISEMCP's may be embedded and prealigned in a transparent flexible sheet, permeable to nutrients and oxygen, before implantation into the subretinal space. Such sheet will allow passage of biological nutrients and oxygen around the ISEMCP's. This sheet may also dissolve leaving behind ISEMCP units lying separately, or in an arranged pattern produced by a surrounding mesh.
    • 具有半透明表面电极的显微光电装置与液体或其它合适的载体组合。 一起将它们注入眼睛的视网膜下腔。 微观光电器件将入射光转换成电流,其将刺激视网膜的上层细胞层。 由于外部视网膜层损伤导致视觉障碍的人,这种装置可能允许有用的形成的人造视觉。 优选的独立表面电极微光二极管(ISEMCP)可以是微球,微型盘或其他微形状的形状。 ISEMCP由PiN或NiP型半导体或两者的组合组成,在单个单元中。 当由于产生的电流而暴露于光时,这些器件将形成偶极子。 施加在眼睛附近的磁场可以帮助对准视网膜内的ISEMCP,使得它们的光活性表面面对入射光。 或者,ISEMCP可以在植入视网膜内空间之前嵌入并预先对准在透明柔性片材中,其可渗透营养物质和氧气。 这样的片材将允许ISEMCP周围的生物营养物质和氧气通过。 该片也可以溶解,留下ISEMCP单元分开放置,或以围绕网格产生的排列图案。