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    • 6. 发明专利
    • Improvements in the treatment of fabrics to render them resistant to noxious gases, vapours and liquids
    • GB575379A
    • 1946-02-15
    • GB902840
    • 1940-05-21
    • ROBERT KINGANJOHN WILLIAM COLE PHILLIPSBERNARD HOWELL WILSDON
    • D06M15/693
    • Textile material is rendered resistant to noxious gases, vapours, and liquids by applying thereto a finely divided activated absorbent substance, e.g. charcoal, bentonite, levillite, or alumina. Levillite is prepared by the hydrolysis of methyl or ethyl silicate. The substance may be fixed by means of a binder or by applying a further layer or layers of material. Alternatively, the absorbent substance may be suspended in the binder or the binder may be applied before, and, if desired, after, the substance. The absorbent substance may be incorporated in a synthetic fibre. Suitable binders are natural or synthetic rubber; rubber latex; ethyl, methyl, or benzyl cellulose; cellulose acetate or nitrate; starch; dextrine; alginic acid or its salts; gum tracacanth; shellac; synthetic resins; casein; albumen; gelatine; and soluble silicates, and may be applied in solutions or dispersions in water or non-aqueous liquids. The binder may be insolubilized by removing the ammonia from a casein, iron or aluminium alginate, shellac, or synthetic resin solution, by heating, or by treating the casein with formaldehyde. In examples, textile material is: (1) impregnated with activated charcoal in water containing an anionic or cationic stabilizer and a vulcanized or unvulcanized rubber latex; (2) rendered alkaline and impregnated with activated charcoal, and rubber latex containing a cationic stabilizer is applied by spraying, or alternatively chlorinated and an anionic stabilizer used with the rubber latex; or (3) impregnated with (a) rubber in benzene, (b) cellulose acetate in acetone and benzene, (c) methyl cellulose in water, or (d) ethyl or benzyl cellulose in trichlorethylene, containing activated charcoal. Waterproofing agents, plasticizers, compounding ingredients, anti-oxidants, pigments, or dyes may be used in the process. The textile may be treated at any stage of manufacture or in garment form. It may be used for protective garments, anti-gas curtains, or protective clothing.ALSO:Textile material is rendered resistant to noxious gases, vapours and liquids by applying thereto a finely divided activated absorbent substance e.g. charcoal, bentonite, levillite, or alumina. Levillite is prepared by the hydrolysis of methyl or ethyl silicate. The substance may be fixed by means of a binder or by applying a further layer or layers of material. Alternatively, the absorbent substance may be suspended in the binder or the binder may be applied before, and, if desired, after, the substance. The absorbent substance may be incorporated in a synthetic fibre. Suitable binders are natural or synthetic rubber; rubber latex, ethyl, methyl, or benzyl cellulose, cellulose acetate or nitrate, starch, dextrine, alginic acid or its salts, tragacanth, shellac, synthetic resins, casein, albumen, gelatine, and soluble silicates, and may be applied in solutions or dispersions in water or non-aqueous liquids. The binder may be insolubilized by removing the ammonia from a casein, iron or aluminium alginate, shellac, or synthetic resin solution, by heating, or by treating the casein with formaldehyde. In examples, textile material is (1) impregnated with activated charcoal in water containing an anionic or cationic stabilizer and a vulcanized or unvulcanized rubber latex; (2) rendered alkaline and impregnated with activated charcoal, and rubber latex containing a cationic stabilizer is applied by spraying or alternatively chlorinated and an anionic stabilizer used with the rubber latex; or (3) impregnated with (a) rubber in benzene, (b) cellulose acetate in acetone and benzene, (c) methyl cellulose in water, or (d) ethyl or benzyl cellulose in trichlorethylene, containing activated charcoal. Waterproofing agents, plasticizers, compounding ingredients, anti-oxidants, pigments, or dyes may be used in the process. The textile may be treated at any stage of manufacture or in garment form. It may be used for protective garments, anti-gas curtains, or protective clothing.
    • 7. 发明专利
    • Improvements in and relating to spars and spar joints of aeroplanes
    • GB557978A
    • 1943-12-14
    • GB775842
    • 1942-06-08
    • WILLIAM COLE
    • B64C3/18
    • 557,978. Aeroplane wing spars. COLE, W. June 8, 1942, No. 7758. [Class 4] The booms 2 of an aeroplane wing spar are of angular cross section of uniform thickness, the spars being in sections detachably connected together by ribbed plates which engage one another or separate ribbed plates and are held in engagement by screws, these plates being parallel to the flanges and web of the spar and arranged near the comers of the booms. The flanges of the spars taper in width along their length in accordance with the load upon the booms. Figs. 2 and 3 show a web 1 and two angular section booms 2 forming one side of a box-section member of a wing. Secured to the ends of each boom 2 on the inside are two plates 5, only two of the four being shown, these plates having alternate ribs and recesses engaging corresponding recesses and ribs in plates 6 which extend across the plates 5, on abutting spar sections, to which they are clamped by screws 7 and nuts 8. The edges of the plates 6 have slots 15 at one edge to permit the ready entry or withdrawal of the bolts attached to the removable section. The ribs on the plates 5, 6 are transverse to the spar and transmit bending moment stresses. Shear stresses are taken by similar plates 10, on the outsides of the webs 1, having longitudinal ribs, the plates on adjacent sections being sprained by correspondingly ribbed plates 11 and secured by screws 12 and nuts 13. One end of each plate 11 is cut away as shown at 16, Fig. 3, to permit passage of the screws 12 on the removable section. Packing strips 3 are arranged between the booms 2 and the outer skin. The abutting edges of the boom flanges are shaped as shown at 18, 19, Fig. 4 to facilitate alignment. To enable the spar sections to be more readily engaged, the plates 6, before the nuts 8 are tightened, may be yieldable under spring pressure, and the foremost tooth of the plate 5 on one section may be bevelled and made sufficiently broad so as not to slip into any of the recesses until the central recess in the plate 5 is reached, the bevelled end displacing the plate 6 against the action of its spring as the spar end is moved into position.