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    • 1. 发明专利
    • Improvements in or relating to electric signalling systems
    • GB582942A
    • 1946-12-03
    • GB253944
    • 1944-02-11
    • STANDARD TELEPHONES CABLES LTDFREDERICK HARRY BRAYLESLIE RONALD BROWN
    • H04Q1/446
    • 582,942. Automatic exchange systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., BRAY, F. H., and BROWN, L. R. Feb. 11, 1944, No. 2539. [Class 40 (iv)] A circuit for repeating A.C. impulses as interruptions of a loop comprises a pair of coldcathode tubes which are operative alternately according as signal current is or is not being received and a third tube which, in co-operation with a condenser with alternative charging circuits, prepares the circuit for effective operation if a prefix signal of the required duration is received and limits the duration of the outgoing break impulses. Three arrangements are described. As shown in Fig. 2, the tube A is normally conducting and the relay A energized. 'When a signal arrives, it reduces the control potential of tube A and breaks down tube B which gives a releasing kick to tube A. If the signal terminates prematurely, the original condition is restored. If, however, condenser C4, which began to charge on the operation of B, reaches a potential sufficient to break down tube C, the associated relay C energizes the impulse relay AA, which bridges the outgoing loop, and the relay CA which alters the charging rate of C4 to match the duration of subsequent impulses. At the end of the prefix signal, A operates and B releases, discharging C4, but C, AA remain operated. On the arrival of an A.C. impulse, B operates, condenser C4 begins to charge at the new rate and A falls giving a releasing kick to tube C whereupon AA falls to break the outgoing loop and IP pulls up followed by CD and D, these three relays with CA remaining operated throughout the train. After a predetermined time, the charge on C4 is sufficient for tube C to fire and AA terminates the repeated impulse before the end of the A.C. pulse. When A re-operates and B falls at the end of the pulse, C remains operated, although C4 is discharged by the relapse of B, until tube C receives a releasing kick on the relapse of A at the beginning of the next impulse. At the end of the train, therefore, C remains energized long enough for IP to fall and release CA, C, D and AA, CD remaining operated over a front contact of A to maintain the outgoing loop. Each train is preceded by a prefix signal to cause the re-operation of C, AA, CA and D. The clearing signal consists of a prolonged burst of A.C. following such a prefix signal. At the beginning, C, AA fall as before and reoperate when C4 is charged. In this case, however, C remains operated long enough to release IP and, since A is back and D up, CD falls as well as CA, C and AA. At the end of the clearing signal, D falls also. In a modified system, Fig. 3, the end of a train is marked by prolonging the last impulse.. In this case, the tube A is normally extinguished. The prefix impulse energizes B which allows C4 to charge over R5 to time the prefix. In due course, tube C fires and relays C, CA, AA are operated. CA quenches tube B to release B and connects up tube A which fires at the end of the impulse, to energize A, and quenches tube C to release C, AA, and start the first repeated impulse. The operation of A brings up B to enable C4 to charge over R6. After the proper interval, tube C strikes, quenching tube A and operating relay C, whereupon AA remakes the loop. At the end of each A.C. pulse, tube A fires as before, tube B remaining disconnected. At the end of the train, since the prolonged final impulse delays the striking of tube A, IP falls, followed by CA. At the end of the impulse, tube. A strikes, quenching tube C. Tube B then strikes, energizing B to hold D, relay A quenches tube B and B and D fall back. When the long clearing signal is received, tube C strikes as before and IP and CA fall as at the end of a train. In this case, however, C remains operated long enough for CD to fall and open the outgoing loop. In a further modification, Fig. 4, CD is normally operated to hold open the outgoing loop and tube A is normally quenched as well as tube B. The prefix signal fires tube B and relay B allows C4 to charge over R5. In due course tube C fires and relay C energizes AA, CA to bridge the outgoing circuit, disable tube B and change the charging circuit of C4. When the prefix ends, tube A strikes, operates A and quenches tube C. C falls releasing AA to open the loop and allowing D to pull up. A allows C4 to charge over R6 and in due course tube C terminates the break impulse, energizing C, which is followed by AA, and quenching tube A. On the next A.C. pulse, at the end of the signal, tube A strikes again, quenching tube C and starting a new timing period. When the prolonged final impulse is received, a condenser C5 which begins to charge over resistance R11 when C terminates the repeated impulse, reaches a potential sufficient to cause tube B to strike, whereupon IP pulls up and CA falls. When the impulse is removed, tube A fires and quenches tube C, whereupon all operated relays fall back. Other digits are repeated similarly. When the clear down signal is received, IP operates as when a final digit impulse is received and C5, which in these circumstances charges over R12, is able to reach a potential sufficient to cause tube B to strike and relays B, CD are operated. At the end of the signal, tube A fires, quenching tubes C and B. Relays C and IP release leaving CD operated.
    • 2. 发明专利
    • Improvements in or relating to arrangements for counting electrical impulses
    • GB567863A
    • 1945-03-06
    • GB1418043
    • 1943-08-31
    • STANDARD TELEPHONES CABLES LTDFREDERICK HARRY BRAYLESLIE RONALD BROWN
    • H03K23/82
    • 567,863. Electric selective signalling. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., BRAY, F. H., and BROWN, L. R. Aug. 31, 1943, No. 14180. [Class 40 (i)] [Also in Groups XIX, XXXIX and XL] In a system in which electric impulses arc counted by an endless chain of discharge tubes, the tubes are rendered non-conducting in groups instead of one at a time in response to the discharge in the next succeeding tube as described in Specification 566,156, [Group XL]. By this means, very rapid impulses can be counted. The invention can be used for generating one impulse per n cycles of a controlling A.C. for generating switch-stepping impulses in a telephone exchange, for counting forward or reverting impulses in a register controller or similar distant control system, for counting articles or to indicate the frequency of an oscillator by counting the number of cycles in a fixed time. In the system described, each cycle of the chain forming the subject matter of the invention sends an impulse to a chain of the kind described in the above mentioned Specification and each cycle of the latter sends an impulse to a relay chain. The latter may control lamp circuits and the discharge tubes may be visible through numbered apertures so as to indicate the three digits of the number of impulses received. Circuit details. Momentary operation of a primary key PK ionizes tubes V2, V13 and relay A in the respective chains. Thereafter, when start key SK is operated each positive half cycle after amplification in a tube VT1 causes the discharge of a condenser through a mercury vapour tube MT1, and a consequent sudden change in the potential of the lower ends of condensers C4 ... C14 connected to the starting electrodes of the tubes of the units chain followed by a gradual restoration of the initial potential. Since V2 is passing current, V3 is in a condition to respond (owing to the voltage drop in resistance R36) and breaks clown, preparing V4. Owing to the high xesistance R23, V4 is not in a condition to discharge until the impulse that discharged V3 has ceased. In response to the next impulse, V4 breaks down and prepares V5 and so on. V5 also changes the grid potential of a valve VT2 associated with a common part of the discharge circuits of V1 . . . V4 so as to stop the discharge in these tubes. Similarly V9 stops the discharge in V5 ... V8 and V2 stops the discharge in V9 ... V11. The discharge of V11 causes both VI and V2 to discharge in response to the next impulse and the former delivers a pulse to the chain V13 ... V22 which operates as described in the prior Specifications referred to. When V22 discharges, it causes the next impulse to discharge both V12 and V13 and the former energizes a relay IP which gives an impulse to a relay counting chain of known kind in which each relay is operated over a winding of the preceding relay which it unlocks so that the preceding relay holds only until the end of the impulse.
    • 7. 发明专利
    • Improvements in or relating to automatic telecommunication exchange systems
    • GB596161A
    • 1947-12-30
    • GB1882645
    • 1945-07-23
    • STANDARD TELEPHONES CABLES LTDFREDERICK HARRY BRAYLESLIE RONALD BROWNDESMOND SYDNEY RIDLER
    • H04Q3/00
    • 596,161. Automatic exchange systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., BRAY, F. H., BROWN, L. R., and RIDLER, D. S. July 23, 1945, No. 18826. [Class 40 (iv)] In a system employing finder selector links, cold cathode discharge tubes are employed for detecting a calling condition, for detecting the calling line and for testing the condition of the wanted link. The selectors are 25 point switches which are set in succession by two dialled digits. A subscriber's line circuit and a link circuit are shown in Fig. 1. There are four link circuits serving 25 line circuits and each link circuit comprises a line finder switch FS and a selector switch SS. Battery is connected to one wire of the line over a resistance YLA of 10,000 ohms and the other line wire is connected to resistances YLB and YLC each of 10,000 ohms and the test terminal is connected at their junction. The second wire is also connected over resistance YLD of 50,000 ohms to selector terminals for determining the busy or idle condition of the line, cold cathode tube FDT (Fig. 2) being used for the testing. When a subscriber makes a call, flow of current in transformer TRA in the allotter circuit shown in Fig. 2 ignites a cold cathode discharge tube STT and operates relay ST which connects relays STA and STB to start the allotter finder. When the calling line is reached, tube FDT ignites and FD energizes stopping the finder magnet and operating guard relay B which through relay BB applies earth to the T lead to kick off the allotter. If all link circuits are busy, relay OB prevents advance of the allotter until a link becomes free and connects relay RST in place of ST. Relay B extends the line to relay A and the P and S terminals are marked as busy by negative and positive potentials respectively. Relay CC energizes, prepares the impulse circuit, including series relay A, and operates relay TR which applies earth to a lead to start a circuit of common type and connects discharge tube TGT to relay A and via the lead DTL to a condenser and resistance combination. The tube TGT operates with its circuit as an oscillator to generate dialling tone. The subscribers are numbered 21 ... 20, 31 ... 30 and 41 ... 45. If the first digit is 2, MK energizes over wiper H after the relapse of CA disconnecting TR and holding CC. If the first digit is 3, the selector steps by self interruption from position 4 to position 13 where MK pulls up and re-operates CC which has fallen back meanwhile. If the first digit is 4, relay W energizes in position 5 and permits the selector to go to position 23 where MK operates as before. When the second digit is dialled, as relay MK is now operated, relay SD is connected up by CA so that at the end of impulsing the discharge tube TGT is connected to the P wiper. If the wanted subscriber is busy, the potential on his P lead will be either negative 50 or 17 volts according as to whether he is the calling or called subscriber. One electrode of tube TGT is connected to the P wire and if either of the above potentials are on this wire, the tube does not ignite and busy tone is generated in relay A. If the subscriber is free tube TGT ignites and operates switching relay H. The latter connects negative 50 volts to the called subscriber's P line and the circuit of tube TGT is changed to generate ringing tone. Ring-trip relay F opens on reply and completes the connection. A tone generating circuit is individual to each link circuit and consists of a, series of condenser and resistance combinations connected to leads DTL, RTL and NUT to form circuits with tube TGT for generating tones. A series of relays are also provided which operate in cycles to give the interruptions characteristics of ringing and busy tone. Details are given of the duration and frequency of these interruptions. Abnormal operations. If the calling subscriber dials 1 as the first digit, relay Z energizes and holds TR, and on the relapse of CC the circuit of tube TGT is changed to generate NU tone. Similarly, if a first digit greater than 4 is dialled, the operation of W in position 5 of the selector transfers the impulse circuit to Z which responds to the next impulse, stopping the selector and re-operating TR to send NU tone. If a second digit greater than 5 is dialled after the first digit 4, the selector reaches position 4 in which MK is short-circuited and TR re-operates. In the case of failure to dial, relays SD, PG are operated by time pulses on leads APL, ZPL and the link circuit is left locked to the calling line with only PG, BB, Z up. The link, however, may be freed by the response of relay RST to a calling condition when all links are in use. When start relay ST energizes, it makes a charging circuit for a condenser QB in order to operate relay FR through a discharge tube FDT should the calling subscriber clear before his line is found, thus releasing ST. Specifications 541,768, 567,864 and 567,874 are referred to.