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    • 1. 发明专利
    • Materials for radiography
    • GB581607A
    • 1946-10-18
    • GB1551244
    • 1944-08-15
    • LEONARD VINCENT CHILTONRICHARD ROBERT ROBINSON
    • G03C1/36G03C5/16
    • 581,607. Sensitive materials for radiography. CHILTON, L. V., and ROBINSON, R. R. Aug. 15, 1944, Nos. 15512 and 15513. [Classes 98 (i) and 98 (ii)] Radiographic sensitive material for recording X-rays or gamma rays is provided on both sides with a protective colloid layer containing substances which absorb the radiation other than X-rays or gamma rays to which the material is sensitive, the layers being permeable to but not spontaneously removable by alkaline photographic developing solutions, but removable by other means at a later stage in the processing. The processing can consequently be carried out other than in a dark room. The photographic emulsion is carried on a support of glass, paper or film, the protective colloid being one of the polymeric nitrogenous substances containing amino groups described'in Specifications 514,427 and 537,232, e.g. deacetylated chiten or piperidyl methyl zein which are removed in an acid bath, e.g. the fixing bath. Metal alginates soluble in ammonia are also suitable as are interpolymers of maleic anhydride with methyl methacrylate or styrene soluble in acetone, methylene chloride or aqueous or alcoholic ammonia. A liquid composition comprising gum and either skimmed milk or gelatin or both may be applied to yield a colloid layer which is resistant to alkaline baths, but may be removed after treatment in the developing solution by gentle rubbing. Unhardened gelatin may also be used, being removed by treatment with warm water. Alternatively, a layer permeable to alkali of developer strength, such as methyl methacrylate polymer, may be applied through an adhesive, e.g. any of the above-mentioned colloids, the layer being stripped off after the development. A fluorescent layer may be carried by the protective layer and be stripped off therewith. A wetting agent is added to the composition of the protective layers to facilitate their removal. The edges of the pack are sealed with opaque paper or fabric or by coating with a composition similar to the protective layer. Nitro-substituted cyanines are carbocyanines, e.g. 2,21-diethyl-5,51-dinitrothiocarbocyanine-p-toluene sulphonate may be added to the emulsion to reduce its sensitivity to visible light without impairing the sensitivity to X-rays and gamma rays. Carbon black is the preferred material for rendering the protective layer opaque, although a red or orange dye may be used. A pattern or device is printed on the surface of the opaque coating to facilitate centring of the film and to indicate the side to face the source of X-rays. Specifications 114,933, [Class 98 (i)], 540,252, 543,993, [Group IV], 573,917 and 575,512 also are referred to.
    • 4. 发明专利
    • Substituted naphthalene derivatives
    • GB381602A
    • 1932-10-10
    • GB1987231
    • 1931-07-10
    • ICI LTDWILLIAM BRADLEYROBERT ROBINSON
    • Naphthalene derivatives are manufactured by the action of a cyanide on a nitroso-naphthol or an azo compound derived from a naphthol. The products are probably cyanoaminonaphthols, together with which are obtained other products the constitution of which is unknown. The process is preferably performed in aqueous or alcoholic suspension with the aid of heat. In examples: (1) crude a -nitroso-b -naphthol is treated in aqueous suspension with potassium cyanide solution; (2) 1-benzeneazo-2-naphthol is treated in alcoholic suspension with potassium cyanide solution (aqueous), yielding a product which is probably 1 - amino - 2 - hydroxy - 4 - cyano - naphthalene, together with a second product; the starting material may be replaced by 1-p-sulphobenzeneazo - 2 - naphthol sodium salt; (3) 4-benzeneazo-1-naphthol is treated with potassium cyanide in aqueous alcoholic suspension, yielding a product which is apparently 4 - amino - 1 - hydroxy - 2 (or 3) - cyano - naphthalene; the starting material may be replaced by 4-p-sulphobenzeneazo-1-naphthol sodium salt. Other starting materials specified are the sodium salts of 1-benzeneazo-2-naphthol-6 : 8-disulphonic acid, 1-benzeneazo-2-naphthol-3-carboxylic acid and 1-p-sulphobenzeneazo-2-naphthol-3-carboxylic anilide, which yield products believed to be substituted 1-amino-2-hydroxy-4-cyanonaphthalenes.
    • 7. 发明专利
    • Improvements in and relating to the production of pseudoxazolone derivatives and reduction products thereof
    • GB602025A
    • 1948-05-19
    • GB1094144
    • 1944-06-07
    • FREDERICK ERNEST KINGSTEPHEN GERALD WALEYROBERT ROBINSON KT
    • C07D263/42
    • Pseudoxazolone derivatives of the general formula where R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group are prepared by subjecting a -halogenoacylamino acids of the general formula CO2H.CHR-NH-COCH (hal) R1 to treatment with a tertiary nitrogen base or a strong inorganic base and a dehydrating agent. An essential condition for the success of the process is that the group R.CH= is of such a character that the formation of the unsaturated group (R minus H)=C= cannot occur in the removal of H.Hal, such as where R is H or phenyl. The compounds so produced may be hydrogenated to oxazolones. In examples: (1) a -bromophenacetylglycine is treated with acetic anhydride and pyridine; (2) a -bromphenacetylalanine is similarly treated; (3) a -bromphenacetylalanine is mixed with pyridine, the separated pyridinium bromide treated with more pyridine and acetic anhydride; (4) as in (2) but using an N-sodium hydroxide solution of a -bromophenacetylalanine; (5) phenacetylalanine is heated with acetic anhydride and then treated with pyridine and bromine; (6) mandelylaline, made by condensation of alanine with acetylmandelyl chloride, is treated as in examples (1)-(4) above; (7) 4-methyl-2-benzylidenepseudoxazolone is hydrogenated in ethyl acetate solution in presence of a Raney nickel catalyst to form 4-methyl-2-benzyl-oxazolone.
    • 8. 发明专利
    • Improvements in photographic elements and colour photography
    • GB591123A
    • 1947-08-07
    • GB1217445
    • 1945-05-15
    • RONALD BERNARD COLLINSFRANCIS EDWARD FLANNERYRICHARD ROBERT ROBINSONILFORD LTD
    • G03C1/825G03C7/30
    • 591,123. Colour photography. COLLINS, R. B., FLANNERY, F. E., ROBINSON, R. R., and ILFORD, Ltd. May 15, 1945, No. 12174. [Class 98 (ii)] Multilayer material comprises differentially sensitized photographic silver halide emulsion layers and at least one layer containing a substantially colourless surface active compound which enables this layer to absorb substantively from aqueous solution a dye which is not absorbedsubstantively by the other layers, the compound being unaffected by developing solutions. The exposed element may be developed, treated with an aqueous dye solution to form a coloured filter layer or layers, selectively re-exposed with the aid of the filters, the re-exposed layers processed to colour, and the silver, silver salts and filter dye removed. The method of forming the coloured layer or layers is described in Specification 591,124 and the method of decolourising the layers in Specification 591,122. Preferably the surface active compound is unaffected by oxidising agents for developed silver, and the negative silver images are removed before the dye treatment ; alternatively one of the filter layers may be resistant to oxidation and another not resistant, so that a second filter layer may be introduced after removal of the silver. The multi-layer material may consist. of a support carrying red, green and blue sensitive emulsions with a layer of surface active compound between the green and the blue and optionally a second such layer between the red and the green. Other constructions are indicated. An example describes material of layers : (a) support ; (b) gelatino silver iodo bromide emulsion red sensitized by means of 2 : 2 : 8-triethyl-4 : 4 -dichloro thiacarbocyanine bromide ; (c) gelatin layer containing " Teepol X " (Registered Trade Mark) ; (d) gelatino silver iodobromide emulsion green sensitized by means of 2 : 2 -diethyI pseudocyanine iodide ; (e) gelatin layer containing Auramine . and Teepol X; (f) gelatino silver iodobromide emulsion ; on exposure and treatment with a metol-hydroquinone developer silver colour records are produced in layers (b), (d) and (f), and the silver, and also the Auramine is then removed by acid permanganate solution. A yellow colour is formed in layers (c) and (e) by bathing in AuraminÞ solution, followed by washing. The material is exposed to violet light through the support and a cyan image colour developed in (b). After washing layer (f) is re-exposed by violet light and a yellow image colour developed therein with 2-chloroacetoacetanilide as colour former. The colour in layers (e) and (e) is removed by bathing in a solution of " Lissolamine A " (Registered Trade Mark) and then washing. The layer (d) is re-exposed with white or blue light from either side and colour developed to magenta. The material is then bathed in Farmers Reducer. In a modification the layer (d) may be rendered developable by fogging with thiourea and the frier step of colour removal from layers (c) and (e) omitted. A decolourisable anti-halation layer and a plain gelatin or ultra-violet absorbing supercoat layer may be provided. Specifications 461,006 and 500,793 are also referred to.
    • 9. 发明专利
    • Improvements in the preparation of substituted oxazolones
    • GB588101A
    • 1947-05-14
    • GB1045444
    • 1944-05-31
    • EDWARD PENLEY ABRAHAMERNST BORIS CHAINWILSON BAKERROBERT ROBINSON
    • C07D263/42
    • Substituted oxazolones having the formula are obtained by treating a thio-acylamino acid having the formula wherein R1 represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group which may include substituents such as halogen atoms or methoxyl groups and wherein R represents hydrogen, methyl or a substituted methyl group, with a compound of a metal adapted to yield with the sulphur a water-insoluble sulphide. In one form of the invention, the oxazolones are obtained by ring closing condensation from a metallic salt of the acid resulting in the separation of a water-insoluble sulphide. The thioacylamino acids are obtainable by treating glycine or an a -substituted glycine R.CN(NH2).COOH in alkaline solution with a dithio acid R1CS2H, or its ethyl ester, or a thion-ester R1.CS(OMe). In examples: (1) thiohippuric acid (obtained by the condensation of methyl thion-benzoate with glycine in the presence of sodium hydroxide) is treated with silver oxide in dry ether to obtain 2-phenyl-5-oxazolone (readily convertible into 4-benzylidene-2-phenyl-5-oxazolone and into hippuric anilide); (2) 2-(phenylthio acetyl amino-carbonylmethyl)-5 : 5-dimethyl-thiazolidine-4-carbonylic acid (prepared by treating the sodium salt of 2-C-glycyl-5 : 5-dimethyl-thiazolidine-4-carbonylic acid with methyl dithiophenylacetate in alcoholic soda solution and liberating the free acid) is treated with silver oxide in chloroform suspension to obtain the corresponding oxazolone.
    • 10. 发明专利
    • Improvements in or relating to photographic light-sensitive elements
    • GB573745A
    • 1945-12-04
    • GB196344
    • 1944-02-03
    • WILFRID HAMPDEN DIMSDALERICHARD ROBERT ROBINSON
    • A process for improving the quality of an image developed in a silver halide emulsion layer in a photographic element comprises adding to the emulsion a substantially water-insoluble, colourless, and non-colour-forming metal derivative of a compound which is a 5-mercaptotetrazole, a 5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, a heterocyclic compound with two ring N atoms and 1, 2, or 3 S atoms attached to C atoms which next to the N atoms, or a mono- or di-mercaptomonazole, the metal derivative being soluble or decomposable during treatment of the element with processing baths subsequent to the development of the element. The metal derivative may be a silver, nickel, copper, iron (ferric), cobalt, uranium, aluminium, chromium, thallium, lead, cadmium, zinc, antimony, bismuth, iron (ferrous), or gold derivative of a 5-mercaptotetrazole (e.g. 1-phenyl - 5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - d - naphthyl-5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - B - naphthyl - 5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - p - diethylaminophenyl-5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - o - methoxyphenyl-5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - p - chlorophenyl - 5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - benzyl - 5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - cyclohexyl - 5 - mercaptotetrazole, 1 - methyl - 5 - mercaptotetrazole, or 1 - ethyl - 5-mercaptotetrazole), of a 5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole (e.g. 1 : 2-dimethyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1 - ethyl - 2 - methyl - 5 - mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1-phenyl-2-methyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1-phenyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1-benzyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1 - methyl - 2 - ethyl - 5 - mercapto - 1 : 3 : 4 - triazole, 1 - methyl - 2 - n - hexyl - 5 - mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1 - p - hydroxyphenyl - 2 - methyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1-p-aminophenyl - 2 - methyl - 5 - mercapto - 1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 1 - d - naphthyl - 2 - phenyl - 5 - mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, 2-d-naphthyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole, or 1-2-diphenyl-5-mercapto-1 : 3 : 4-triazole), of the sulphur-substituted heterocyclic nitrogen compound containing 2 nitrogen atoms in the ring (e.g. 2 : 5-dimercapto-1 : 3 : 4-thiodiazole, 2-mercapto-5-amino-1 : 3 : 4-thiodiazole, 1-mercapto-4-hydroxyphthalazine, 1 : 4-dimercaptophthalazine, 2-thio-5-mercapto-3-methyl-1 : 3 : 4-thiodiazoline, 2-hydroxy-4-mercaptopyrimidine, 2 : 4 - dimercaptopyrimidine, 2 : 4 - dimercaptoquinazoline, or trithiobarbituric acid, and 2-mercapto - 4 - phenyl - 5 - keto - 1 : 3 : 4 - thiodiazoline), of a dimercaptomonazole (e.g. 2 : 4-dimercaptoquinoline), or of a monomercaptomonoazole (e.g. 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, 2-mercaptoquinoline, 2-mercapto-6 : 7-benzbenzthiazole, or 4-mercaptoquinoline). The emulsion may be a silver chloride, chlorobromide, bromide, or iodobromide emulsion. In example 1, a solution of 1-phenyl-2-methyl-5-mercapto-1 : 2 : 4-triazole in aqueous sodium carbonate solution is used. Specifications 561,875 and 573,105 are referred to. 1-chloro-4-hydroxyphthalazine and 1 : 4-dichlorophthalazine are prepared by heating phthalylhydrazide with excess POCl3. 1-Mercapto-4-hydroxyphthalazine is prepared by heating 1-chloro-4-hydroxyphthalazine with excess alcoholic potassium hydrosulphide in a sealed tube. 1 : 4-Dimercaptophthalazine is prepared by refluxing together 1 : 4-dichlorophthalazine and excess alcoholic potassium hydrosulphide. 2 : 4-Dimercaptoquinoline is prepared by heating 2 : 4-dichloroquinoline with thiourea in alcoholic solution.