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1. 发明专利

GB1004474A Insulating compositions 未知
公开(公告)号：GB1004474A
公开(公告)日：1965-09-15
申请号：GB230462
申请日：1962-01-22
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD
IPC分类号： H01B3/22
摘要： Insulating oil compositions comprise a blend of a refined mineral oil with a distillate obtained during thermal or catalytic cracking and having a boiling point of not more than 332 DEG C., in which the percentage of cracked component is between 0.1 and 15% by weight, and in which the cracked component contains between 10 and 40 wt. % of olefinite hydrocarbons. The refined mineral oil may be obtained from a petroleum distillate of suitable viscosity by solvent extraction, acid treatment, or hydrogenation, or by any combination of these methods, and may then be neutralized or clay-treated either before or after blending with the cracked distillate.

2. 发明专利

GB907400A Improvements in or relating to electrical insulating compositions 未知
公开(公告)号：GB907400A
公开(公告)日：1962-10-03
申请号：GB1344160
申请日：1960-04-14
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , LESLIE WILSON
IPC分类号： H01B3/22 , H01G4/22
摘要： An electrical insulating composition comprises a hydrocarbon oil having incorporated therein from 0,001 to 1% of one or more aliphatic amines having the formula R1NH2, R1NHR2, R1NR2R3 or R1NHR4NH2 wherein R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more olefinic bonds, R2 and R3 are aliphatic hydrocarbon groups containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, each of which may contain one or more olefinic bonds, and R4 is a difunctional aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the composition as a whole having a power factor (tan delta) of not more than 0,005. The base oil may be prepared from a naphthenic base mineral oil by solvent extraction, acid treatment and/or absorbent earth treatment. Suitable amines include hexadecylamine, didodecylamine, N,N1-dimethyl-octadecenylamine, N-amino propyloctadecenylamine, and mixture of amines from tallow or soya bean or coconut oil. A copper deactivator such as disalicylidene-ethylene-diamine may be added. The compositions may also contain colophony, hydrocarbon waxes or polyisobutylene. The compositions may be used to impregnate cables and capacitors.

3. 发明专利

GB760980A Improvements in or relating to the production of oil-soluble alkyl aromatic sulphonates 未知
公开(公告)号：GB760980A
公开(公告)日：1956-11-07
申请号：GB1120254
申请日：1954-04-15
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , THOMAS FERGUSON BROWN
IPC分类号： C07C309/28
摘要： The process for the preparation of oil-soluble alkyl aromatic sulphonates claimed in the parent Specification is improved by refining the aromatic petroleum extract prior to its alkylation by dissolving the extract in a light petroleum fraction boiling below 100 DEG C. and containing not more than 2 per cent aromatic hydrocarbons and subjecting the solution to selective adsorption of the aromatic hydrocarbons in the extract on silica gel which is thereafter eluted with an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent or organic polar solvent so as to remove from the gel that portion of the adsorbed aromatic petroleum extract which has a refractive index (Nad line at 20 DEG C.) not in excess of 1.6 and using that portion of the extract in the alkylation step. The refining results in increased yields of the oil-soluble sulphonates. Preferably, the aromatic petroleum extract is dissolved in petroleum ether (40-60 DEG C.) and the solution is allowed to percolate through a bed of silica gel until the bed is saturated with aromatic hydrocarbons as shown by a rise in the refractive index of the effluent. The bed is then washed with petroleum ether and thereafter eluted with benzene or carbon tetrachloride and the effluent collected until the solvent-free effluent has a refractive index of 1.6. The collected fraction is stripped of solvent and alkylated with the appropriately selected olefine in a low-boiling paraffinic solvent using sulphuric acid catalyst. The product is freed from acid and solvent and if desired washed with a neutralizing agent, such as aqueous alcoholic NaOH. The resulting alkylate is then sulphonated for example with oleum or sulphuric acid in a refrigerating solvent, e.g. liquid sulphur dioxide or butane at -10 to +10 DEG C., or with sulphuric acid at 0-60 DEG C. in absence of a solvent. The sulphonation product may then be freed from sulphuric acid and solvent and neutralized with aqueous NaOH; sodium sulphate in the product may be removed by dissolving in ethanol and filtering while unreacted oil may be removed by counter-current extraction with aqueous isopropanol. When the acid sulphonation product contains unchanged alkylate, the mixture may be neutralized with aqueous alcoholic NaOH after removal of excess H2SO4 or oleum, and thereafter any residual hydrocarbon material may be removed by means of a light petroleum solvent. An example employs a sulphur dioxide extract of a lubricating oil distillate boiling in the range 300-400 DEG C. as starting material and a mixture of C14\-18 olefines as alkylating agent.

4. 发明专利

GB589150A Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of oils for electrical insulating purposes 未知
公开(公告)号：GB589150A
公开(公告)日：1947-06-12
申请号：GB2513144
申请日：1944-12-14
申请人： JAMES CAMPBELL WOOD MALLOCK , LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD
IPC分类号： H01B3/22
摘要： An electrical insulating oil comprises a mixture of a lightly refined mineral oil of viscosity-gravity constant of not more than 0.850 and a refined aromatic petroleum solvent extract of viscosity-gravity constant of not less than 0.925. The refined mineral oil exemplified comprises a wax-free mineral oil distillate refined with liquid SO2 and then with fuming sulphuric acid followed by neutralisation and treatment with lime and activated earth. The aromatic extract exemplified comprises the extract phase obtained during the refining, by the Edeleanu process, of an oil of the spindle type and purified by sulphuric acid and activated earth treatments. Specification 589,149 is referred to.

5. 发明专利

GB779084A Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of highly refined mineral oils and petroleum sulphonates 未知
公开(公告)号：GB779084A
公开(公告)日：1957-07-17
申请号：GB2095353
申请日：1953-07-28
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , THOMAS FERGUSON BROWN
IPC分类号： C07C309/62
摘要： Petroleum sulphonates and refined mineral oils (see Group III) are obtained by a process wherein removal of the aromatic hydrocarbons present in a lubricating oil fraction comprising the feedstock is effected by adsorption, for example on silica gel, from a solution of the feedstock in a hydrocarbon diluent solvent which is free or substantially free from unsaturated constituents, the aromatic hydrocarbons being subsequently fractionally desolved and a suitable fraction sulphonated to yield petroleum sulphonates. Specified absorbents are benzene, methanol and liquid sulphur dioxide. The preferred aromatic fraction for sulphonation is that which first leaves the adsorption zone on desorption and has a refractive index (sodium D line at 20 DEG C.) of not in excess of 1.55. In a preferred procedure a raffinate oil obtained by sulphur dioxide extraction of a suitable vacuum distillate is blended with a diluent petroleum solvent and pumped upward through a column containing silica gel, the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons in the flow from the column being detected by specific dispersion or refractive index measurements, if necessary. The charging of the feedstock is followed by development with the same diluent solvent to remove paraffin/naphthene constituents from the column. The development is followed by desorption with benzene, the flow from the column being treated to remove benzene by evaporation and the residue tested for refractive index. Desorption is continued until the column is substantially free of aromatic hydrocarbons, the column then being ready for a further adsorption cycle. In an example, a light engine distillate is solvent extracted with sulphur dioxide, diluted with 40-60 DEG C. petroleum ether and treated as described above. The desorbed fraction having a refractive index from 1.49-1.54 is sulphonated with sulphuric acid and the sulphonated oil is extracted with aqueous alcoholic sodium hydroxide to give oil-soluble sodium sulphonates.ALSO:Highly refined mineral oils are obtained by a process wherein removal of the aromatic hydrocarbons present in a lubricating oil faction comprising the feed stock is effected by adsorption, for example on silica gel, from a solution of such feedstock in a hydrocarbon diluent solvent, which is free or substantially free from unsaturated constituents. The aromatic hydrocarbons are desorbed and sulphonated (see Group IV(b)). The material which is not adsorbed consists essentially of paraffin/naphthene hydrocarbons and after removal of the solvent may be used as a white oil. The white oil may be further treated with oleum to give a liquid paraffin. Additional adsorption stages in series may be employed and reduce the amount of oleum required in this treatment. In a preferred procedure, a raffinate oil obtained by sulphur dioxide extraction of a suitable vacuum distillate is blended with a diluent petroleum solvent and pumped upward through a column containing silica gel. The presence of aromatic hydrocarbons in the flow from the column may be detected by specific dispersion or refractive index measurements, if necessary. The charging of the feed stock is followed by development with the same diluent solvent, to remove paraffin/naphthene constituents from the column. The silica gel is desorbed with benzene until the column is substantially free of aromatic hydrocarbons, the column then being ready for a further adsorption cycle. The refined mineral oil is obtained from the flow from the column in the adsorption and development stages by removal of the solvent by evaporation. In examples: (1) a light engine distillate is solvent extracted with sulphur dioxide and the raffinate is diluted with 40-60 DEG C. petroleum ether and treated as described above, the paraffin/naphthene fraction obtained being subjected to a second silica gel adsorption stage, the products of both the first and second stages being treated with oleum; (2) a blend of heavy and light spindle distillates is solvent extracted with sulphur dioxide and dewaxed, the raffinate being treated as described above to yield a white oil.

6. 发明专利

GB699341A Improvements in or relating to the extraction of sulphonic acids from acid sludge by-products of mineral oils 未知
公开(公告)号：GB699341A
公开(公告)日：1953-11-04
申请号：GB2625549
申请日：1949-10-12
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , ALBERT ROWLAND VALE BERRY , EVERINGTON J
IPC分类号： C07C303/00 , C10G17/10
摘要： Sulphonic acids are extracted from acid-sludge obtained as a by-product in the refining of mineral oils with sulphuric acid or oleum by washing the sludge at a temperature of between 20 DEG and 60 DEG C. with 100 to 400 per cent by weight, relative to the sludge, of a mineral oil having a Redwood I viscosity at 100 DEG F. of between 50 and 200 seconds, and separating the wash oil containing the sulphonic acids from the sludge. If the wash oil has a viscosity-gravity constant not exceeding 0.875 and an aniline point not less than 60 DEG C., the sodium salts of the extracted sulphonic acids will have a preponderance of sodium salts preferentially soluble in hydrocarbon oil; if the wash oil has a viscosity-gravity constant not less than 0.900 and an aniline point not exceeding 50 DEG C., the sodium salts of the extracted sulphonic acids will have a preponderance of sodium salts preferentially soluble in water. The sulphonic acids may be recovered from the wash-oil by means of an aqueous alcoholic solution of an alkali such as caustic soda and the resulting sodium sulphonates may be isolated and the free sulphonic acids obtained by treatment with, e.g. sulphuric acid. The acid sludge may be prepared by reacting a naphthenic type lubricating oil distillate with 10 per cent fuming sulphuric acid at 40 DEG C. In examples: (1) sulphonic acids yielding sodium salts predominantly preferentially oil-soluble are recovered from an acid sludge using as wash oil a mineral oil distillate of viscosity-gravity constant 0.831 and aniline point 97 DEG C.; (2) sulphonic acids yielding predominantly preferentially water-soluble salts are extracted from the same acid sludge by means of an Edeleanu aromatic petroleum extract from mineral oil and having a viscosity-gravity constant of 0.909 and an aniline-point of 26 DEG C. U.S.A. Specification 1,087,888 is referred to. According to the Provisional Specification, the wash oil may be any raw or refined oil, e.g. a naphthenic base oil of viscosity 70-150 seconds at 100 DEG F.

7. 发明专利

GB774672A Improvements in or relating to corrosion-preventing lubricating oils 未知
公开(公告)号：GB774672A
公开(公告)日：1957-05-15
申请号：GB780252
申请日：1952-03-26
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , THOMAS FERGUSON BROWN , JAMES KILLCROSS
摘要： A lubricating oil composition comprises a hydrocarbon oil and a minor proportion of oil-soluble petroleum sulphonic acids or of a mixture consisting of equal parts of petroleum sulphonic acids and their sodium salts, the acids having a molecular weight of 400-500. The acids when used alone preferably have an ash content of less than 0.01 per cent. From 0.02-0.05 per cent of the acids, or not more than 0.1 per cent of the mixture of acids and their salts, may be added to the oil. Sulphonic acids having a molecular weight of 450 are specified. Mineral lubricating oils may be used. Oxidation inhibitors such as a -naphthylamine, 2, 4 - dimethyl - 6 - tert.-butyl phenol, phenyl - b - naphthylamine and b - naphthol may be added. Specifications 317,406 [Class 91] and 689,731 (as open to inspection) are referred to.

8. 发明专利

GB771581A Improvements in or relating to the production of oil-soluble petroleum sulphonic acids 未知
公开(公告)号：GB771581A
公开(公告)日：1957-04-03
申请号：GB1146755
申请日：1955-04-20
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , THOMAS FERGUSON BROWN , BRIAN SYDNEY WILSON
IPC分类号： C07C309/62
摘要： Oil-soluble petroleum sulphonic acids are produced by treating a hydrocarbon oil fraction with concentrated sulphuric acid in such an amount and of such concentration as to remove therefrom substantially only those hydrocarbons which, upon sulphation, yield water-soluble sulphonic acids, prior to the sulphonation of the hydrocarbon fraction with fuming sulphuric acid or sulphur trioxide. The amount of sulphuric acid used in the pre-treatment may be in the range of 45 to 55 per cent by weight of the hydrocarbon oil fraction, and may have a strength of 90 to 100 per cent, preferably 98 per cent, by weight. The hydrocarbon fraction may have a viscosity of 20 to 100 cs. at 60 DEG C. and the treatment is preferably effected at 10 DEG to 35 DEG C. The sulphonation may be effected by dissolving the oil in liquid sulphur dioxide and treating the solution with oleum at - 10 DEG C. When sulphur trioxide is used for sulphonation a temperature of 20-50 DEG C. is suitable. It is possible to use solvent refining (e.g. with liquid sulphur dioxide) as a pre-treatment in conjunction with the sulphuric acid treatment but lower yields of oil-soluble sulphonic acids result. The starting material may be a distillate from a waxfree crude oil. When using a wax-bearing crude and sulphonating with oleum at low temperature it is necessary to de-wax prior to the pretreatment. In examples: (1) a light engine distillate, from a wax-free crude, is treated at 20-50 DEG C. with 45 per cent by weight of 98 per cent sulphonic acid and, after settling off the acid sludge, the treated oil is dissolved in sulphur dioxide at - 10 DEG C. and treated with oleum; after removal of sulphur dioxide and spent sulphuric acid the sulphonation product is neutralized with aqueous caustic soda to yield a sodium sulphonate; (2) the distillate, pretreated as in (1) is sulphonated at 20 DEG C. with a sulphur trioxide/air mixture, then neutralized with caustic soda to give a sodium sulphonate. U.S.A. Specification 2,680,716 is referred to.

9. 发明专利

GB638750A Improvements in the manufacture of drying oil substitutes or extenders 未知
公开(公告)号：GB638750A
公开(公告)日：1950-06-14
申请号：GB706447
申请日：1947-03-13
申请人： MAURICE INGRAM , DAVID HIGH TULLIS , LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD
摘要： A drying oil substitute (or an extender for a natural drying oil) which may be used with pale pigments, is produced by blending an aromatic fraction obtained from petroleum by solvent extraction, having an iodine value (Wijs) of not less than 50, with a minor proportion of polymerized higher-boiling constituents removed from cracked gasoline, having a viscosity (Redwood 1 at 140 DEG F.) of not more than 100 seconds and an iodine value of not less than 200. Both the aromatic extract and the polymer may be treated with decolourizing clay prior to the blending. In an example, cracked gasoline was treated with clay and the product was distilled to remove gasoline. The bottoms were then further distilled until the residue had a viscosity of about 60 seconds-this necessitated raising the temperature in the still to about 250 DEG C. and reducing the volume by about half. The polymer so obtained had an iodine value of 299. The aromatic extract was obtained from a wax-free, naphthenic, lubricating oil distillate by the Edeleanu process, and was treated with small quantities of sulphuric acid (85-90 per cent), lime, and bleaching clay. The refined extract had an iodine value of 66. The refined extract when mixed with 1 per cent of polymer had a drying time of 36 hours; and had a drying time of 20 hours when mixed with 10 per cent of polymer. If the polymer is refined by percolating it (dissolved in straight-run gasoline) through clay, the drying times are substantially unaffected, but the colour of the blend is appreciably lighter.

10. 发明专利

GB920035A Process of manufacturing basic alkaline earth metal petroleum sulphonates 未知
公开(公告)号：GB920035A
公开(公告)日：1963-03-06
申请号：GB2492861
申请日：1961-07-10
申请人： LOBITOS OILFIELDS LTD , GLYN TATTUM
IPC分类号： C10M159/24
摘要： Oil solutions of basic alkaline earth metal petroleum sulphonates are obtained by sulphonating a petroleum lubricating oil, reacting the sulphonated oil with a basic ammonium-containing material to form an ammonium petroleum sulphonate, extracting the ammonium sulphonate from excess oil using water and a lower aliphatic alcohol which contains not more than 4 carbon atoms, evaporating the separated ammonium petroleum sulphonate solution and dissolving the sulphonate in a neutral petroleum lubricating oil, diluting the resulting solution with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent, mixing the solution with ammonium carbonate (i.e. a mixture of ammonium bicarbonate and carbamate), an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and water, and allowing the mixture to react. The ammonium carbonate may be prepared in situ by the interaction of gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide in the presence of water. The ammonium petroleum sulphonate may be obtained by neutralising with ammonium hydroxide the product obtained by treating a lubricating oil fraction of medium viscosity with sulphuric acid or sulphur trioxide. After extracting with, for example, about 40% aqueous isopropyl alcohol at 45 DEG C., the separated ammonium petroleum sulphonate solution is evaporated while adding a neutral lubricating oil such as refined heavy spindle oil. The resulting solution is diluted with a volatile hydrocarbon such as benzene, and reacted with ammonium carbonate, an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and water, the reaction being accompanied by the evolution of ammonia gas. When reaction is complete, the mixture is preferably heated to about 150 DEG C. to drive off water and the hydrocarbon solvent, and the oil solution of the required sulphonate is then freed from insoluble solids. Alternatively, insoluble solids may be removed after first expelling water and ammonia from the reaction mixture by refluxing. In examples, a 36% solution of ammonium petroleum sulphonate in refined spindle oil is (1) diluted with toluene and reacted with ammonium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and water; (2) diluted with benzene together with the addition of water, and reacted with ammonia, carbon dioxide and lime; (3-6) diluted with benzene and reacted with ammonium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and water; (7) diluted with benzene and reacted with ammonium carbonate, barium oxide and water; (8) diluted with benzene and reacted with ammonium carbonate and barium hydroxide octahydrate. Specification 791,212 is referred to.

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