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1. 发明授权

US09005785B2 Open-loop system and method for fuel cell stack start-up with low-voltage source 有权
标题翻译：采用低压源的燃料电池堆启动的开环系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US09005785B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-14
申请号：US11860121
申请日：2007-09-24
申请人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse , Matthew K. Hortop , Matthew C. Kirklin
发明人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse , Matthew K. Hortop , Matthew C. Kirklin
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M16/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04746 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04104 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04544 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/04888 , H01M8/04992 , H01M16/006 , H01M2250/20 , H01M2250/402 , Y02B90/12 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. The power conversion module is adapted to boost a voltage of the start-up battery as desired and power the air compressor at start-up. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and is adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. An open-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on the available electrical energy from the battery.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。电力转换模块适于根据需要升高启动电池的电压，并在启动时为空气压缩机供电。控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的开环方法，其中基于来自电池的可用电能调度阳极吹扫。

2. 发明授权

US08206859B2 Method of stabilizing a stack after completing startup, without extending the startup time 有权
标题翻译：完成启动后稳定堆叠的方法，而不延长启动时间
公开(公告)号：US08206859B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-26
申请号：US12336114
申请日：2008-12-16
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04776 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04302 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A fuel cell system that controls the speed of the compressor providing cathode air to a fuel cell stack just after a system start-up procedure has ended so as to reduce the chance that the compressor current draw will cause a stack quick stop. The method includes recognizing a command for high compressor speed just after the system start-up procedure ends, where the stack is in the run state, and instead of providing a step change in the compressor command, ramping up the compressor speed so that the current draw from the compressor does not spike.
摘要翻译：一种燃料电池系统，其在系统启动过程结束之后控制向燃料电池堆提供阴极空气的压缩机的速度，以便减少压缩机电流汲取将导致堆快速停止的可能性。该方法包括在系统启动过程结束之后识别出高压缩机速度的命令，其中堆栈处于运行状态，而不是在压缩机命令中提供阶梯变化，从而使压缩机速度升高从压缩机中抽出不会尖峰。

3. 发明授权

US08088523B2 Startup reliability using HFR measurement 有权
标题翻译：启动可靠性使用HFR测量
公开(公告)号：US08088523B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-03
申请号：US12134456
申请日：2008-06-06
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury , Seth E. Lerner
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury , Seth E. Lerner
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04268 , H01M8/04649 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04828 , H01M8/0491 , H01M8/0494 , H01M8/04955 , H01M8/249 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A system and method for improving fuel cell system start-up reliability. The method includes determining if the resistance of the membranes in a fuel cell stack is too high, where the reliability of system start-up will be reduced, and if so, providing one or more remedial actions to help ensure that the start-up is more reliable. In one embodiment, the system and method determine that the fuel cell membranes are to dry based on whether a high frequency measurement of the fuel cell stack exceeds a predetermined HFR threshold. If the HFR threshold has been exceeded, a special start-up procedure is used that increases the reliability that the start-up will be successful using the remedial actions, such as reducing cathode airflow and turning on stack end cell heaters.
摘要翻译：一种提高燃料电池系统启动可靠性的系统和方法。该方法包括确定燃料电池堆中的膜的电阻是否太高，其中系统启动的可靠性将被降低，如果是，则提供一个或多个补救措施以帮助确保启动是更可靠。在一个实施例中，系统和方法基于燃料电池堆的高频测量是否超过预定的HFR阈值来确定燃料电池膜要干燥。如果已经超过了HFR阈值，则使用特殊的启动程序，通过补救措施来提高启动成功的可靠性，例如减少阴极气流和打开堆叠终端电池加热器。

4. 发明申请

US20110086284A1 METHOD TO REDUCE TIME UNTIL ACCEPTABLE DRIVE AWAY IN A FUEL CELL SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：在燃料电池系统中减少可接受驱动的时间的方法
公开(公告)号：US20110086284A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12704230
申请日：2010-02-11
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury , Seth E. Lerner , Steven G. Goebel
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury , Seth E. Lerner , Steven G. Goebel
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04582 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0488
摘要： Methods and systems of reducing the start-up time for a fuel cell are described. One method of reducing the start-up time includes: concurrently supporting load requests for the fuel cell and stabilizing the voltage of the fuel cell; wherein stabilizing the voltage of the fuel cell comprises: providing a flow of hydrogen to the fuel cell and opening an anode valve, wherein the hydrogen flow continues for predetermined volume or a predetermined time; and ending voltage stabilization after the predetermined volume or predetermined time is exceeded while continuing to support load requests for the fuel cell.
摘要翻译：描述了减少燃料电池启动时间的方法和系统。降低启动时间的一种方法包括：同时支持对燃料电池的负载请求并稳定燃料电池的电压; 其中稳定所述燃料电池的电压包括：向所述燃料电池提供氢气流并打开阳极阀，其中所述氢气流继续预定的体积或预定的时间; 并且在超过预定体积或预定时间之后结束电压稳定，同时继续支持对燃料电池的负载请求。

5. 发明授权

US06959249B2 Load following algorithm for a fuel cell based system 有权
标题翻译：为基于燃料电池的系统加载跟随算法
公开(公告)号：US06959249B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-25
申请号：US10725680
申请日：2003-12-02
申请人： Bruce Jeffrey Clingerman , Kiran Mallavarapu , Akbar Chowdhury
发明人： Bruce Jeffrey Clingerman , Kiran Mallavarapu , Akbar Chowdhury
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , G06F19/00 , H01M8/04 , H01M16/00
CPC分类号： H01M16/006 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04604 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04917 , H01M8/04992
摘要： A fuel cell generation system employing a load following algorithm that provides the desired output power from the fuel cell on demand. The system includes a draw current sensor that measures the current drawn from the fuel cell used to satisfy the system load demands. The load following algorithm uses the measured draw current to identify the proper amount of fuel and air to meet the load demands, and then provides a buffer of extra fuel and air to the fuel cell so if the load demand suddenly increases, the fuel cell is able to immediately produce the extra output power. As the current drawn from the fuel cell changes in response to changing load demands, the load following algorithm causes the amount of fuel and air being applied to the fuel cell stack to increase and decrease so that the buffer of extra fuel and air is maintained substantially constant.
摘要翻译：一种采用负载追踪算法的燃料电池生成系统，其根据需要从燃料电池提供期望的输出功率。该系统包括一个牵引电流传感器，它测量从用于满足系统负载要求的燃料电池中抽出的电流。负载跟踪算法使用测量的牵引电流来识别适当的燃料和空气量以满足负载需求，然后向燃料电池提供额外的燃料和空气的缓冲器，因此如果负载需求突然增加，燃料电池是能够立即产生额外的输出功率。随着从燃料电池抽取的电流响应于负载需求的变化而变化，负载跟随算法导致燃料和空气被施加到燃料电池堆的量增加和减少，使得额外的燃料和空气的缓冲器基本保持不变。

6. 发明申请

US20110244346A1 METHOD OF ENTERING AND EXITING A REGENERATIVE/STAND-BY MODE ON A FUEL CELL SYSTEM WHERE THE FUEL CELL IS SEPARATED FROM THE REGENERATIVE SOURCE BY A BLOCKING POWER DIODE 有权
标题翻译：在燃料电池从蓄电池分离的燃料电池系统中进入并排出再生/待机模式的方法由阻塞功率二极管
公开(公告)号：US20110244346A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-06
申请号：US12751361
申请日：2010-03-31
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04298 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04567 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A method for operating a fuel cell stack where electrical energy from regenerative braking is used to operate system loads instead of using fuel cell stack power to conserve hydrogen. A fuel cell stack and an ultracapacitor are electrically coupled to a high voltage electrical bus. A by-pass line is provided around a blocking diode including a by-pass contactor. A stack contactor is provided to disconnect the fuel cell stack from the electrical bus. A stand-by mode request is made if the voltage at a node proximate to the blocking diode closest to the ultracapacitor is higher than the voltage at a node proximate to the blocking diode closest to the fuel cell stack. Steps are then made to electrically prepare the high voltage electrical bus. Then, the stack contactor is opened and the by-pass contactor is closed to allow the regenerate braking energy to power the system loads.
摘要翻译：一种用于操作燃料电池堆的方法，其中来自再生制动的电能用于操作系统负载，而不是使用燃料电池堆电力来节省氢。燃料电池堆和超级电容器电耦合到高压电气总线。在包括旁路接触器的阻塞二极管周围提供旁路线。提供堆叠接触器以将燃料电池堆与电气总线断开。如果靠近最接近超级电容器的阻塞二极管的节点处的电压高于靠近最靠近燃料电池堆的阻塞二极管的节点处的电压，则进行备用模式请求。然后进行步骤以电气准备高压电气总线。然后，堆叠接触器打开，旁路接触器关闭，以允许再生制动能量为系统负载供电。

7. 发明申请

US20110086283A1 CONTROL DETECTION METHOD TO ENABLE GAS COMPOSITION OBSERVING DURING FUEL CELL SYSTEM STARTUP 有权
标题翻译：在燃料电池系统启动期间观察气体组成的控制检测方法
公开(公告)号：US20110086283A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-14
申请号：US12703309
申请日：2010-02-10
申请人： Seth E. Lerner , Akbar Chowdhury , Steven G. Goebel
发明人： Seth E. Lerner , Akbar Chowdhury , Steven G. Goebel
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04388 , H01M8/04753 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A detection method for enabling gas composition observation during fuel cell system start-up is described. In one embodiment, the method includes initiating a flow of hydrogen to the anode to pressurize the anode; opening an anode flow valve; determining if an anode pressure exceeds an anode pressure threshold; enabling anode flow set point detection after a first predetermined time if the anode pressure exceeds the anode pressure threshold; monitoring an anode flow set point using the anode flow set point detection; determining if the anode flow set point exceeds an anode flow set point threshold; and closing the anode flow valve after a second predetermined time if the anode flow set point exceeds the anode flow set point threshold.
摘要翻译：描述了在燃料电池系统启动期间能够进行气体成分观察的检测方法。在一个实施方案中，该方法包括引发氢气流向阳极以对阳极加压; 打开阳极流量阀; 确定阳极压力是否超过阳极压力阈值; 如果阳极压力超过阳极压力阈值，则在第一预定时间之后实现阳极流量设定点检测; 使用阳极流量设定点检测来监测阳极流量设定点; 确定阳极流量设定点是否超过阳极流量设定点阈值; 并且如果阳极流量设定点超过阳极流量设定点阈值，则在第二预定时间之后关闭阳极流量阀。

8. 发明申请

US20100151288A1 METHOD OF OPERATING A FUEL CELL SYSTEM IN STANDBY/REGENERATIVE MODE 有权
标题翻译：在待机/再生模式下操作燃料电池系统的方法
公开(公告)号：US20100151288A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12336193
申请日：2008-12-16
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04231
摘要： A system and method for putting a fuel cell system in a stand-by during a system idle condition to improve system fuel efficiency. The method can include diverting the cathode airflow around the stack, reducing an airflow output from a cathode compressor to a minimum allowable set-point, opening the stack contactors to disconnect the stack from the high voltage bus and electrically isolate the stack from the rest of the system, engaging an independent load to the stack, such as end cell heaters in the stack, to suppress stack voltage, maintaining a positive pressure in the anode side of the fuel cell stack and periodically bleeding the anode into the exhaust stream. When a system power request is made removing the idle condition, the system returns to normal operation by directing the airflow back to the cathode and opening the stack contactors when an open circuit voltage is attained.
摘要翻译：一种在系统怠速状态下将燃料电池系统置于待机状态以提高系统燃料效率的系统和方法。该方法可以包括将阴极气流转向堆叠周围，将从阴极压缩机输出的气流减少到最小允许设定点，打开堆叠接触器以将堆叠与高压母线断开并将堆叠与其余部分电隔离该系统将诸如堆叠中的端电池加热器的独立负载接合到堆叠中以抑制堆叠电压，在燃料电池堆的阳极侧保持正压力并且将阳极周期性地排放到排气流中。当消除空闲状态的系统功率请求时，当达到开路电压时，通过将气流引导回阴极并打开堆叠接触器，系统恢复正常操作。

9. 发明申请

US20100151286A1 METHOD OF STABILIZING A STACK AFTER COMPLETING STARTUP, WITHOUT EXTENDING THE STARTUP TIME 有权
标题翻译：在完成启动后稳定堆叠的方法，不会延长启动时间
公开(公告)号：US20100151286A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12336114
申请日：2008-12-16
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04776 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04302 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A fuel cell system that controls the speed of the compressor providing cathode air to a fuel cell stack just after a system start-up procedure has ended so as to reduce the chance that the compressor current draw will cause a stack quick stop. The method includes recognizing a command for high compressor speed just after the system start-up procedure ends, where the stack is in the run state, and instead of providing a step change in the compressor command, ramping up the compressor speed so that the current draw from the compressor does not spike.
摘要翻译：一种燃料电池系统，其在系统启动过程结束之后控制向燃料电池堆提供阴极空气的压缩机的速度，以便减少压缩机电流汲取将导致堆快速停止的可能性。该方法包括在系统启动过程结束之后识别出高压缩机速度的命令，其中堆栈处于运行状态，而不是在压缩机命令中提供阶梯变化，从而使压缩机速度升高从压缩机中抽出不会尖峰。

10. 发明申请

US20100151285A1 ANODE REACTIVE BLEED AND INJECTOR SHIFT CONTROL STRATEGY 有权
标题翻译：阳极反应性和注射器移动控制策略
公开(公告)号：US20100151285A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12334040
申请日：2008-12-12
申请人： Jun Cai , Akbar Chowdhury , Seth E. Lerner , William S. Marley , David R. Savage , James K. Leary
发明人： Jun Cai , Akbar Chowdhury , Seth E. Lerner , William S. Marley , David R. Savage , James K. Leary
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/249 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04753 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A system and method for correcting a large fuel cell voltage spread for a split sub-stack fuel cell system. The system includes a hydrogen source that provides hydrogen to each split sub-stack and bleed valves for bleeding the anode side of the sub-stacks. The system also includes a voltage measuring device for measuring the voltage of each cell in the split sub-stacks. The system provides two levels for correcting a large stack voltage spread problem. The first level includes sending fresh hydrogen to the weak sub-stack well before a normal reactive bleed would occur, and the second level includes sending fresh hydrogen to the weak sub-stack and opening the bleed valve of the other sub-stack when the cell voltage spread is close to stack failure.
摘要翻译：一种用于校正用于分割子堆叠燃料电池系统的大的燃料电池电压扩展的系统和方法。该系统包括氢源，其向每个分组子堆提供氢气，并且用于排出子堆的阳极侧的放气阀。该系统还包括用于测量分组子堆中每个单元的电压的电压测量装置。该系统提供了两个级别，用于校正大型堆叠电压传播问题。第一级包括在发生正常反应性渗流之前将新鲜氢气发送到弱子堆，而第二级包括将新鲜的氢气发送到弱子堆并打开另一子堆的排放阀电压传播接近堆叠故障。

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