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    • 4. 发明申请
    • VOLTAGE REGULATOR WITH CLAMPING CIRCUIT
    • 带钳位电路的电压调节器
    • WO2003021760A1
    • 2003-03-13
    • PCT/IB2002/003412
    • 2002-08-21
    • KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.
    • QIAN, Jinrong
    • H02M3/335
    • H02M1/34H02M3/155H02M2001/0064H02M2001/342Y02B70/1491
    • A circuit for clamping a voltage across a switching element to a value equal to or less than the sum of the input voltage plus the voltage across a clamping capacitor is provided. The circuit achieves voltage clamping in accordance with one embodiment in which an active clamp circuit includes a switch and a clamping capacitor connected in parallel with a first winding of a coupled winding. The active clamp prevents the occurrence of voltagespikes across the switch. The clamping capacitor recovers energy stored in the first winding of the coupled winding. The circuit achieves voltage clamping in accordance with a second embodiment in which a passive clamp circuit includes a switch, a clamping capacitor, and first and second diodes. The passive clamp circuit prevents the occurrence of voltage spikes across the switch. The clamping capacitor recovers energy stored in the first winding of the coupled winding.
    • 提供了用于将开关元件两端的电压钳位在等于或小于输入电压加上钳位电容器两端的电压之和的值的电路。 根据一个实施例,电路实现电压钳位,其中有源钳位电路包括与耦合绕组的第一绕组并联连接的开关和钳位电容器。 有源钳位可防止开关上出现电压。 钳位电容器恢复存储在耦合绕组的第一绕组中的能量。 根据第二实施例,电路实现电压钳位,其中无源钳位电路包括开关,钳位电容器以及第一和第二二极管。 无源钳位电路可防止开关两端发生电压尖峰。 钳位电容器恢复存储在耦合绕组的第一绕组中的能量。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • FAST SEARCH IN SPEECH RECOGNITION
    • 快速搜索语音识别
    • WO2003005343A1
    • 2003-01-16
    • PCT/IB2002/002440
    • 2002-06-21
    • KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.
    • SEIDE, Frank, T., B.
    • G10L15/08
    • G10L15/083
    • Speech recognition involves searching for the most likely one of a number of sequences of words, given a speech signal. Each such sequence is a composite sequence, composed of consecutive sequences of states. Searching involves a number of searches, each in a respective search space containing a subset of the sequences of states. In each search only the more likely sequences of states in the relevant search space are considered. In a first embodiment different search spaces are made up of sequences of states that follow preceding sequences from a class of sequences of words. Different classes define different ones of the search spaces. Classes are distinguished on the basis of phonetic history rather than word history, as represented by the sequences of states in the composite sequence up to the sequence of states in the search space. Thus, the number of words or parts thereof whose identity is used to distinguish different classes is varied depending on a length of one or more last words represented by the composite sequence. In a second embodiment, a plurality different composite sequences are involved in a search through a joint sequence of states, for which representative likelihood information for the plurality is used to decide whether or not to discard it in the search. At the end of the search the likelihood for the different composite sequences is regenerated from the joint sequence if it survived the search, and further search is based on the regenerated likelihood. In a third embodiment, this technique is applied within searches at the subword level.
    • 语音识别涉及到寻找一个语音信号的多个单词序列中最可能的一个。 每个这样的序列是由连续的状态序列组成的复合序列。 搜索涉及多个搜索,每个搜索在包含状态序列的子集的相应搜索空间中。 在每个搜索中,仅考虑相关搜索空间中更可能的状态序列。 在第一实施例中,不同的搜索空间由从一类词序列中的先前序列之后的状态序列组成。 不同的类定义不同的搜索空间。 根据语音历史而不是字历史来区分类,如复合序列中的状态序列所示,直到搜索空间中的状态序列。 因此,其身份用于区分不同类别的单词或其部分的数量根据由复合序列表示的一个或多个最后一个词的长度而变化。 在第二实施例中,通过联合状态序列在搜索中涉及多个不同的复合序列,多个不同复合序列的代表性似然信息用于决定是否在搜索中丢弃它们。 在搜索结束时,如果在搜索中幸存下来,则从联合序列中重新生成不同复合序列的可能性,并且进一步的搜索基于再生的可能性。 在第三实施例中,该技术应用于子词级别的搜索内。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • TRANSFORMER
    • 变压器
    • WO2003005382A1
    • 2003-01-16
    • PCT/IB2002/002629
    • 2002-07-01
    • KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.PHILIPS CORPORATE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY GMBHTOLLE, Tobias, G.DUERBAUM, ThomasDOMENSINO, Hendrikus, J., J.SMIDT, Pieter, J., M.
    • TOLLE, Tobias, G.DUERBAUM, ThomasDOMENSINO, Hendrikus, J., J.SMIDT, Pieter, J., M.
    • H01F27/29
    • H01F17/045H01F19/00H01F27/292H01F27/34H01F2027/297
    • The invention relates to a transformer (10, 10') with a core (11) which has a center piece (11a) with a first and a second flange (11b, 11c), in which a first and a second winding (12, 13) of the transformer (10, 10') are wound on the center piece (11a). To produce a transformer as compact as possible which allows simple adaptation to limit leakage currents, it is proposed that the winding end pieces (12a, 12b) of the first winding (12) guided out of the winding body are guided through at least one recess in the first flange (11b) and that winding end pieces (15a, 15b) of the second winding (13) guided out of the winding body are provided which form at least partly loose line ends. Alternatively, the winding end pieces (12a, 12b) of the first winding (12) guided out of the winding body are guided immediately about the edge of the first flange (11b) and connected with connecting elements (14a, 14b) which are arranged on the side of the first flange (11b) opposite the center piece (11a).
    • 本发明涉及具有一个具有第一和第二凸缘(11b,11c)的中心件(11a)的铁心(11)的变压器(10,10'),其中第一和第二绕组(12, 变压器(10,10')的13(13)被卷绕在中心件(11a)上。 为了制造尽可能紧凑的变压器,其允许简单适应以限制泄漏电流,建议将引导出绕组体的第一绕组(12)的绕组末端片(12a,12b)引导通过至少一个凹部 在第一凸缘(11b)中,并且提供从绕组体导出的第二绕组(13)的卷绕端片(15a,15b),其形成至少部分松散的线端。 或者,从绕组体引出的第一绕组(12)的卷绕端片(12a,12b)被立即围绕第一凸缘(11b)的边缘引导,并且与连接元件(14a,14b)连接,连接元件 在第一凸缘(11b)的与中心件(11a)相对的一侧上。