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1. 发明授权

US5772597A Surgical tool end effector 失效
标题翻译：手术工具末端执行器
公开(公告)号：US5772597A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US437327
申请日：1995-05-09
申请人： Daniel S. Goldberger , Robert S. Smith , David A. Benaron
发明人： Daniel S. Goldberger , Robert S. Smith , David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/28 , A61B17/34 , A61B18/00 , A61B18/14 , A61B19/00 , G01N21/47 , A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B17/3417 , A61B17/3494 , A61B18/00 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0086 , A61B5/6848 , G01N21/4795 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/29 , A61B17/3474 , A61B18/14 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00057 , A61B2017/00061 , A61B2017/00119 , A61B2017/00123 , A61B2017/00508 , A61B2017/00557 , A61B2090/3614 , A61B2560/0276 , A61B2562/0242 , A61B2562/08 , A61B5/0075
摘要： A tool for nonactive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.
摘要翻译：用于非活动询问组织的工具，包括光源发射器和检测器，其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。光源可以是宽带的，并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅，或者使用时间，频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。或者，可以提供n个离散单色光源，其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中，例如具有配合的钳口（双壳体或多元件）的组织抓取工具。在优选实施例中，光源（或光纤引导件）安装在一个钳口上，并且检测器（或光纤引导件）安装在相对的钳口中，使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对（即，在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上）或锐利地（即，具有相交的光轴，使得检测到发射的光）。在这种情况下，传感器以传输模式工作。公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。

2. 发明授权

US5460182A Tissue penetrating apparatus and methods 失效
标题翻译：组织穿透装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5460182A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-24
申请号：US944516
申请日：1992-09-14
申请人： David E. Goodman , Daniel S. Goldberger
发明人： David E. Goodman , Daniel S. Goldberger
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/28 , A61B17/34 , A61B18/00 , A61B18/14 , A61B19/00 , A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/6848 , A61B17/3417 , A61B17/3494 , A61B18/00 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0086 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/29 , A61B17/3474 , A61B18/14 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00057 , A61B2017/00061 , A61B2017/00119 , A61B2017/00123 , A61B2017/00508 , A61B2017/00557 , A61B2090/3614 , A61B2560/0276 , A61B2562/08
摘要： A tissue penetrating apparatus including a surgical appliance having a sharp tip for penetrating tissue, a first optical element for emitting one or more selected monochromatic wavelengths of light, and a second optical element for sensing light corresponding to the one or more selected monochromatic wavelengths of light. The first and second optical elements are optical transmission fibers secured to the appliance proximate to the tip so that one fiber passes one or more monochromatic wavelengths of light into the tissue to be penetrated, and the other fiber passes the light sensed to a light detector. A control circuit is used to illuminate the one or more light sources to emit light out one of the first and second optical fibers, and to provide an electrical signal corresponding to the light sensed at the other of the first and second optical fibers. The electrical signal includes sensed light at each of the monochromatic wavelengths of light emitted, and sensed light in the absence of emitted light. An analysis circuit or a microprocessor based device may be used for processing the electrical signals and determining when the appliance tip has entered a body cavity. An annunciator is actuated to indicate the relative extent of passage through the tissue and when penetration has occurred.
摘要翻译：一种组织穿透装置，其包括具有用于穿透组织的尖锐尖端的外科器具，用于发射一个或多个所选择的单色波长的光的第一光学元件和用于感测与所述一个或多个选定的单色波长的光对应的光的第二光学元件。第一和第二光学元件是固定到靠近尖端的器具的光传输光纤，使得一个光纤将一个或多个单色波长的光通过要被穿透的组织中，并且另一个光纤将感测到的光通过光检测器。控制电路用于照亮一个或多个光源以发出第一和第二光纤之一的光，并且提供对应于在第一和第二光纤中的另一个处感测的光的电信号。电信号包括在发射的光的每个单色波长处的感测光，以及在没有发射光的情况下感测到的光。可以使用分析电路或基于微处理器的设备来处理电信号并确定器具尖端何时进入体腔。启动信号器以指示通过组织的相对程度，并且当穿透发生时。

3. 发明授权

US5413098A Path constrained spectrophotometer and method for determination of spatial distribution of light or other radiation scattering and absorbing substances in a radiation scattering medium 失效
标题翻译：路径约束分光光度计和确定辐射散射介质中光或其他辐射散射和吸收物质的空间分布的方法
公开(公告)号：US5413098A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US994947
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： David A. Benaron
发明人： David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , G01N21/47
CPC分类号： A61B5/1464 , A61B5/14542 , G01N21/4795 , A61B5/0073 , G01N2021/4797 , G01N2201/0696
摘要： A spectrophotometer for providing an image of a radiation scattering medium having one or more radiation attenuating constituents is disclosed herein. The spectrophotometer includes a light source for illuminating the scattering medium with electromagnetic radiation of at least one wavelength. In one embodiment a time-gated detector serves to detect, during a predefined detection interval, the electromagnetic radiation having traversed a distribution of path lengths during propagation through a region of the medium. A photon counting apparatus or the like measures the intensity of the detected portion of the electromagnetic radiation, wherein the measured intensity is a function of attenuation of the region within the medium. A display apparatus is operative to generate the image in accordance with the measured intensity.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种用于提供具有一种或多种辐射衰减成分的辐射散射介质的图像的分光光度计。分光光度计包括用于用至少一个波长的电磁辐射照射散射介质的光源。在一个实施例中，时间选通检测器用于在预定义的检测间隔期间检测在通过介质的区域传播期间穿过路径长度分布的电磁辐射。光子计数装置等测量检测到的电磁辐射部分的强度，其中测量的强度是介质内的区域的衰减的函数。显示装置用于根据测量的强度产生图像。

4. 发明授权

US5769791A Tissue interrogating device and methods 失效
标题翻译：组织询问装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US5769791A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US472863
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： David A. Benaron , Daniel S. Goldberger , David E. Goodman , Robert S. Smith
发明人： David A. Benaron , Daniel S. Goldberger , David E. Goodman , Robert S. Smith
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/28 , A61B17/34 , A61B18/00 , A61B18/14 , A61B19/00 , G01N21/47 , A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B17/3417 , A61B17/3494 , A61B18/00 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0086 , A61B5/6848 , G01N21/4795 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/29 , A61B17/3474 , A61B18/14 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00057 , A61B2017/00061 , A61B2017/00119 , A61B2017/00123 , A61B2017/00508 , A61B2017/00557 , A61B2090/3614 , A61B2560/0276 , A61B2562/0242 , A61B2562/08 , A61B5/0075
摘要： A tool for nondestructive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种用于非破坏性询问组织的工具，包括光源发射器和检测器，其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。光源可以是宽带的，并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅，或者使用时间，频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。或者，可以提供n个离散单色光源，其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中，例如具有配合的钳口（双壳体或多元件）的组织抓取工具。在优选实施例中，光源（或光纤引导件）安装在一个钳口上，并且检测器（或光纤引导件）安装在相对的钳口中，使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对（即，在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上）或锐利地（即，具有相交的光轴，使得检测到发射的光）。在这种情况下，传感器以传输模式工作。公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。

5. 发明授权

US5762609A Device and method for analysis of surgical tissue interventions 失效
标题翻译：用于手术组织干预分析的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5762609A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US474263
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： David A. Benaron , Daniel S. Goldberger , David E. Goodman , Robert S. Smith
发明人： David A. Benaron , Daniel S. Goldberger , David E. Goodman , Robert S. Smith
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/28 , A61B17/34 , A61B18/00 , A61B18/14 , A61B19/00 , G01N21/47 , A61B6/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/4795 , A61B18/00 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0086 , A61B5/6848 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/29 , A61B18/14 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00057 , A61B2017/00061 , A61B2017/00119 , A61B2017/00123 , A61B2017/00508 , A61B2017/00557 , A61B2090/3614 , A61B2560/0276 , A61B2562/0242 , A61B2562/08 , A61B5/0075
摘要： A class of novel surgical tools constructed from the surgical tools and a tissue state monitoring device to assess or image changes in the chemical or structural composition of tissue over time, which give feedback to surgeons during dynamic surgical interventions that change the character of tissue, such as tissue welding.
摘要翻译：一种由手术工具和组织状态监测装置构成的新型外科手术工具，用于评估或图像随时间推移的组织的化学或结构组成的变化，其在改变组织特征的动态外科手术期间向外科医生反馈，例如作为组织焊接。

6. 发明授权

US5807261A Noninvasive system for characterizing tissue in vivo 失效
标题翻译：用于表征体内组织的无创系统
公开(公告)号：US5807261A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US486604
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： David A. Benaron , Daniel S. Goldberger , David E. Goodman , Robert S. Smith
发明人： David A. Benaron , Daniel S. Goldberger , David E. Goodman , Robert S. Smith
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/28 , A61B17/34 , A61B18/00 , A61B18/14 , A61B19/00 , G01N21/47 , A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B17/3417 , A61B17/3494 , A61B18/00 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0086 , A61B5/6848 , G01N21/4795 , A61B17/068 , A61B17/29 , A61B17/3474 , A61B18/14 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2017/00057 , A61B2017/00061 , A61B2017/00119 , A61B2017/00123 , A61B2017/00508 , A61B2017/00557 , A61B2090/3614 , A61B2560/0276 , A61B2562/0242 , A61B2562/08 , A61B5/0075
摘要： A tool for nondestructive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种用于非破坏性询问组织的工具，包括光源发射器和检测器，其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。光源可以是宽带的，并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅，或者使用时间，频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。或者，可以提供n个离散单色光源，其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中，例如具有配合的钳口（双壳体或多元件）的组织抓取工具。在优选实施例中，光源（或光纤引导件）安装在一个钳口上，并且检测器（或光纤引导件）安装在相对的钳口中，使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对（即，在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上）或锐利地（即，具有相交的光轴，使得检测到发射的光）。在这种情况下，传感器以传输模式工作。公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。

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