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81. 发明授权

US06794077B2 Passive water management fuel cell 有权
标题翻译：被动水管理燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US06794077B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US10036181
申请日：2001-12-28
申请人： Jung S. Yi , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Breault , Albert P. Grasso , Glenn W. Scheffler
发明人： Jung S. Yi , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Breault , Albert P. Grasso , Glenn W. Scheffler
IPC分类号： H01M202
CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04104 , H01M8/04134 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2484
摘要： A proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell includes fuel and oxidant flow field plates (26, 40) having fuel and oxidant channels (27, 28; 41, 44), and water channels, the ends (29, 48) of which that are adjacent to the corresponding reactant gas inlet manifold (34, 42) are dead ended, the other ends (31, 50) draining excess water into the corresponding reactant gas exhaust manifold (36, 45). Flow restrictors (39, 47) maintain reactant gas pressure above exit manifold pressure, and may comprise interdigitated channels (65, 66; 76, 78). Solid reactant gas flow field plates have small holes (85, 88) between reactant gas channels (27, 28; 41) and water drain channels (29, 30; 49, 50). In one embodiment, the fuel cells of a stack may be separated by either coolant plates (51) or solid plates (55) or both. In a second embodiment, coolant plates (51a) have weep holes (57) that inject water into the ends (29) of the reactant gas water channels which are in the region of the inlet manifold (34), thereby assuring humidification of the reactants.
摘要翻译：质子交换膜（PEM）燃料电池包括具有燃料和氧化剂通道（27,28,41,44）和水通道的燃料和氧化剂流场板（26,40），其中所述端部（29,48）邻近相应的反应气体入口歧管（34,42）是死端的，另一端（31,50）将多余的水排放到相应的反应气体排气歧管（36,45）中。流量限制器（39,47）将反应气体压力保持在出口歧管压力以上，并且可以包括交错的通道（65,66; 76,78）。固体反应物气体流场板在反应气体通道（27,28; 41）和排水通道（29,30; 49,50）之间具有小孔（85,88）。在一个实施例中，堆叠的燃料电池可以由冷却板（51）或固体板（55）或两者分开。在第二实施例中，冷却剂板（51a）具有将水注入位于入口歧管（34）的区域中的反应物气体水通道的端部（29）的排水孔（57），从而确保反应物的加湿。

82. 发明授权

US06548200B2 Cold starting of gasoline fueled fuel cell 有权
公开(公告)号：US06548200B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09832275
申请日：2001-04-10
申请人： Richard D. Breault
发明人： Richard D. Breault
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/04253 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0675
摘要： A fuel cell power plant has a fuel cell (38) receiving hydrogen (37) from a fuel processing system (12) which employs a vaporizer (19) to vaporize clean gasoline from a source (13). A conventional start burner (22) and startup heat exchanger (28) are utilized to convert water (31) from the fuel processing system (12) and fuel cell (38) into steam (32); but during sub-zero startup, an aqueous antifreeze solution (46) is provided to the heat exchanger (28) to produce the steam (32) for starting the vaporization of gasoline in the vaporizer (19).

83. 发明授权

US06528194B1 Freeze tolerant fuel cell power plant 失效
标题翻译：耐冷燃料电池发电厂
公开(公告)号：US06528194B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09935254
申请日：2001-08-22
申请人： David A. Condit , Michael L. Perry , Richard D. Breault
发明人： David A. Condit , Michael L. Perry , Richard D. Breault
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 , F28C3/04 , F28D20/025 , F28F19/006 , H01M8/04029 , Y02E60/145
摘要： The invention is a freeze tolerant fuel cell power plant that includes at least one fuel cell; a coolant loop having a coolant circulating device that directs a water coolant through a water transport plate within the fuel cell; and a water displacement system having a freeze tolerant accumulator that contains a water immiscible fluid and water coolant. The water displacement system also includes a water immiscible fluid pump, heater and displacement valves for directing the water immiscible fluid to flow from the accumulator into the coolant loop; for directing the water coolant in the coolant loop to flow into the accumulator; and, for directing heated water immiscible fluid to flow from the accumulator into the coolant loop and back into the accumulator.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种耐冷燃料电池发电厂，其包括至少一个燃料电池; 冷却剂回路，其具有冷却剂循环装置，其引导水冷却剂通过所述燃料电池内的水输送板; 以及具有防冻容器的排水系统，其包含与水不混溶的流体和水冷却剂。排水系统还包括水不混溶流体泵，加热器和排出阀，用于引导水不混溶流体从蓄能器流入冷却剂回路; 用于引导冷却剂回路中的水冷却剂流入蓄能器; 并且用于引导加热的水不混溶的流体从蓄能器流入冷却剂回路并返回到蓄能器中。

84. 发明授权

US06461753B1 Fuel cell with a direct antifreeze impermeable cooler plate 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池具有直接防冻防渗冷却板
公开(公告)号：US06461753B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09542209
申请日：2000-04-04
申请人： Richard D. Breault , Margaret M. Steinbugler , David A. Condit
发明人： Richard D. Breault , Margaret M. Steinbugler , David A. Condit
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04074
摘要： A fuel cell with a direct antifreeze impermeable cooler plate is disclosed for producing electrical energy from reducing fluid and process oxidant reactant streams. The fuel cell includes an electrolyte secured between an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst; an anode flow field secured adjacent the anode catalyst for directing the reducing fluid to pass adjacent the anode catalyst; a cathode flow field secured adjacent the cathode catalyst for directing the process oxidant stream to pass adjacent the cathode catalyst; a direct antifreeze impermeable cooler plate secured in heat exchange relationship with the cathode flow field; and a direct antifreeze solution passing through the cooler plate for controlling temperature within the fuel cell. The direct antifreeze solution is an organic antifreeze solution that is not volatile at cell operating temperatures. A preferred direct antifreeze solution is an alkanetriol selected from the group consisting of glycerol, butanetriol, and pentanetriol having favorable low volatility and high surface tension characteristics. The direct antifreeze impermeable cooler plate may be constructed of any material that is impermeable to liquid and compatible with a fuel cell operating environment such as plated metals, or in a preferred embodiment, the cooler plate may be a fine pore commercial graphite material.
摘要翻译：公开了一种具有直接防冻防渗冷却器板的燃料电池，用于从还原流体和处理氧化剂反应物流产生电能。燃料电池包括固定在阳极催化剂和阴极催化剂之间的电解质; 邻近阳极催化剂固定的阳极流场，用于引导还原流体邻近阳极催化剂通过; 与阴极催化剂相邻固定的阴极流场，用于引导工艺氧化剂流通过邻近的阴极催化剂; 与阴极流场保持热交换关系的直接防冻防渗冷却板; 以及通过冷却器板的直接防冻溶液，用于控制燃料电池内的温度。直接防冻溶液是在电池工作温度下不挥发的有机防冻溶液。优选的直接防冻溶液是选自具有良好的低挥发性和高表面张力特性的甘油，丁三醇和戊三醇的烷三醇。直接防冻防渗冷却器板可以由对液体不可渗透并且与诸如电镀金属的燃料电池操作环境兼容的任何材料构成，或者在优选实施例中，冷却器板可以是细孔商业石墨材料。

85. 发明授权

US06428916B1 Coolant treatment system for a direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell assembly 失效
标题翻译：用于直接防冻冷却的燃料电池组件的冷却剂处理系统
公开(公告)号：US06428916B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09468027
申请日：1999-12-20
申请人： Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine
发明人： Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04029
摘要： A coolant treatment system for a direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell power plant including a degassifier for providing interaction between an oxidant and an antifreeze solution which has circulated throughout the fuel cell power plant so that dissolved gases within the antifreeze solution are removed. The fuel cell power plant is configured to allow the antifreeze solution to be in direct fluid communication with the fuel cell assemblies comprising the fuel cell power plant.
摘要翻译：一种用于直接防冻冷却的燃料电池发电厂的冷却剂处理系统，其包括用于提供氧化剂和防冻液之间的相互作用的脱气装置，其循环在整个燃料电池发电厂中，从而除去防冻溶液中的溶解气体。燃料电池发电厂被配置为允许防冻溶液与包括燃料电池发电厂的燃料电池组件直接流体连通。

86. 发明授权

US06316135B1 Direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：直接防冻冷却燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US06316135B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09359475
申请日：1999-07-22
申请人： Richard D. Breault , David A. Condit , Albert P. Grasso , Michael E. Gorman
发明人： Richard D. Breault , David A. Condit , Albert P. Grasso , Michael E. Gorman
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04134 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04253 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A direct antifreeze cooled fuel cell is disclosed for producing electrical energy from reducing and process oxidant fluid streams that includes an electrolyte secured between an anode catalyst and a cathode catalyst; a porous anode substrate secured in direct fluid communication with and supporting the anode catalyst; a porous wet proofed cathode substrate secured in direct fluid communication with and supporting the cathode catalyst; a porous water transport plate secured in direct fluid communication with the porous cathode substrate; and, a direct antifreeze solution passing through the porous water transport plate. In operation of the fuel cell, because product water generated electrochemically at the cathode catalyst flows away from the cathode catalyst into the cathode substrate and into the water transport plate and because the cathode substrate is wetproofed, the antifreeze solution passing through the water transport plate remains essentially within this plate. In a preferred embodiment, the antifreeze solution passing through the water transport plate may be directed to flow at a pressure less than that of the oxidant stream passing adjacent the cathode substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了直接防冻冷却的燃料电池，用于通过减少和处理氧化剂流体流产生电能，所述氧化剂流体流包括固定在阳极催化剂和阴极催化剂之间的电解质; 与阳极催化剂直接流体连通并支撑阳极催化剂的多孔阳极基板; 固定成与阴极催化剂直接流体连通并支撑阴极催化剂的多孔湿气阴极基板; 与多孔阴极基板直接流体连通地固定的多孔水输送板; 以及通过多孔水输送板的直接防冻溶液。在燃料电池的运行中，由于在阴极催化剂上电化学产生的水由阴极催化剂流入阴极基体并进入水输送板，并且由于阴极基板是防水的，所以通过水输送板的防冻溶液保持基本上在这个板内。在优选的实施方案中，通过水输送板的防冻液可以以比通过邻近阴极底物的氧化剂流的压力低的流动来引导。

87. 发明授权

US5366825A Laminated electrolyte reservoir plate 失效
标题翻译：层压电解液储罐
公开(公告)号：US5366825A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US178074
申请日：1994-01-06
申请人： Richard D. Breault , Michael E. Gorman
发明人： Richard D. Breault , Michael E. Gorman
IPC分类号： C04B35/645 , D21H13/50 , H01M8/02 , H01M2/18
CPC分类号： D21H13/50 , C04B35/645 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/0289 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49112
摘要： An electrolyte reservoir plate is formed in a papermaking process. Graphite powder, reinforcing fibers, cellulosic fibers, and a thermosetting resin are mixed with a liquid to form a slurry and showered onto a screen to form a planar sheet which is dried to form paper. The paper is cut into the desired size and is lay-up with main sheets 4 and edge strips 6. The lay-up is laminated with pressure and heat, carbonized, and graphitized to form an electrolyte reservoir plate.
摘要翻译：在造纸工艺中形成电解质储存器板。将石墨粉末，增强纤维，纤维素纤维和热固性树脂与液体混合以形成浆料并淋浴到筛网上以形成干燥以形成纸的平面片材。将纸切割成所需尺寸，并且与主片材4和边缘条6一起堆叠。叠层层叠有压力和热量，碳化并石墨化以形成电解质储存器板。

88. 发明授权

US4938942A Carbon graphite component for an electrochemical cell and method for making the component 失效
标题翻译：用于电化学电池的碳石墨组分和制备该组分的方法
公开(公告)号：US4938942A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US755876
申请日：1985-07-17
申请人： Michael E. Gorman , Richard D. Breault , John Donahue , Sudhangshu Bose
发明人： Michael E. Gorman , Richard D. Breault , John Donahue , Sudhangshu Bose
IPC分类号： C01B31/04 , C04B35/83 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/02
CPC分类号： C04B35/83 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/0289 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A method for making a carbon-graphite component, such as a fuel cell substrate, suited for use in an electrochemical cell includes forming a precursor sheet structure comprising a resin, fibers that are graphitizable, and an inorganic compound containing boron and oxygen. Various details of the method are developed that effect the carbon yield of cellulose fibers used for the precursor sheet and the thermal and the electrical conductivity of the component. In one embodiment, the inorganic compound of boron and oxygen is boric acid.
摘要翻译：制造适用于电化学电池的碳 - 石墨成分如燃料电池基板的方法包括：形成包括树脂的可充填石墨的前体片状结构体和含有硼和氧的无机化合物。开发了该方法的各种细节，其影响用于前体片的纤维素纤维的碳产率和组分的热和电导率。在一个实施方案中，硼和氧的无机化合物是硼酸。

89. 发明授权

US4929517A Electrochemical cell assembly 失效
标题翻译：电化学电池组件
公开(公告)号：US4929517A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US429893
申请日：1989-10-31
申请人： Warren L. Luoma , Ronald G. Martin , Richard D. Breault
发明人： Warren L. Luoma , Ronald G. Martin , Richard D. Breault
IPC分类号： C04B37/00 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： C04B37/008 , C04B35/634 , C04B35/63436 , C04B35/63472 , C04B35/64 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/0297 , H01M8/2415 , C04B2235/656 , C04B2235/6562 , C04B2235/658 , C04B2237/363 , C04B2237/52 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A seal structure 58 between adjacent porous plates 18, 20 and a method of making the seal structure for an electrochemical cell are disclosed. Various construction details are developed which facilitate fabrication and assembly. In one embodiment, the adjacent porous plates are electrolyte reservoir plates joined together at a three-layer seal structure to form an integral assembly.
摘要翻译：公开了相邻多孔板18,20之间的密封结构58以及制造用于电化学电池的密封结构的方法。开发了有利于制造和组装的各种构造细节。在一个实施例中，相邻的多孔板是以三层密封结构连接在一起以形成整体组件的电解液储存器板。

90. 发明授权

US4652502A Porous plate for an electrochemical cell and method for making the porous plate 失效
标题翻译：用于电化学电池的多孔板和制造多孔板的方法
公开(公告)号：US4652502A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US814423
申请日：1985-12-30
申请人： Richard D. Breault , John Donahue
发明人： Richard D. Breault , John Donahue
IPC分类号： H01M2/08 , H01M8/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/0271 , H01M2/08 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/4911 , Y10T428/24793
摘要： A porous plate for an electrochemical cell, such as plates 22, 24 having a sealing material disposed in an edge region 41 of the plate is disclosed. Various construction details including a method for making the plate are disclosed which increase the cross pressure material the plate can withstand. In one embodiment, the seal region 41 is impregnated with powder having a low structure and predetermined particle size using a pressurized liquid carrier.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于电化学电池的多孔板，例如具有设置在板的边缘区域41中的密封材料的板22,24。公开了包括制造板的方法的各种构造细节，其增加了板可承受的交叉压力材料。在一个实施例中，密封区域41使用加压液体载体浸渍具有低结构和预定粒度的粉末。

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