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    • 81. 发明授权
    • Preparation of aliphatic alpha omega-aminonitriles
    • 脂肪族α-ω-氨基腈的制备
    • US5801268A
    • 1998-09-01
    • US846240
    • 1997-04-28
    • Klemens FlickJohann-Peter MelderWerner SchnurrKlaus EbelTom WitzelWolfgang HarderAlwin RehfingerRolf Fischer
    • Klemens FlickJohann-Peter MelderWerner SchnurrKlaus EbelTom WitzelWolfgang HarderAlwin RehfingerRolf Fischer
    • B01J23/76B01J23/78B01J23/889B01J37/02C07C253/30C07C255/24C07C255/03
    • B01J23/76B01J23/78B01J23/8892B01J23/8898B01J37/0201C07C253/30
    • Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which (a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and (b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal, with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or rhodium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
    • 脂肪族α,ω-氨基腈通过脂肪族α,ω-二腈在升高的温度和超大气压下,在溶剂和催化剂存在下通过包括使用(a)含有基于化合物的催化剂 在选自镍,钴,铁,钌和铑的金属上,和(b)含有基于(a)0.01至25重量%的基于选自以下的金属的促进剂: 钯,铂,铱,锇,铜,银,金,铬,钼,钨,锰,铼,锌,镉,铅,铝,锡,磷,砷,锑,铋和稀土金属和(c) 基于(a),基于碱金属或碱土金属的化合物为0至5重量%,条件是组分(a)不以铁或铁为基准,并且所选择的金属之一 来自由钴,钌和铑组成的组 母体(b)是基于选自钛,锰,铬和钼的金属的促进剂,进一步的条件是当仅基于钌或铑或钌和铑或镍和铑的化合物为 作为组分(a)选择,可以不用启动子(b)。
    • 88. 发明授权
    • Preparation of aldehydes
    • 醛的制备
    • US5371297A
    • 1994-12-06
    • US121440
    • 1993-09-16
    • Rolf Fischer
    • Rolf Fischer
    • C07C45/67C07C45/54
    • C07C45/676
    • A process for the preparation of aldehydes of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, acyl, aryl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 aralkyl or together stand for --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --,X denotes methylene, oxygen, sulfur, NH or NR.sub.3 andn, m stand for an integer from 0 bis 8,wherein a geminal formyl ester of the general formula II ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the aforementioned meanings and R.sup.3 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, is caused to react in the presence of an acid catalyst at temperatures ranging from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C.
    • 制备通式I(I)的醛的方法,其中R 1,R 2表示氢,C 1 -C 12烷基,C 3 -C 8环烷基,酰基,芳基或C 7 -C 20芳烷基或一起代表 - (CH 2)n -X-(CH 2)m - ,X表示亚甲基,氧,硫,NH或NR 3,n,m代表0的整数8,其中通式II的偕甲酰基 )其中R 1和R 2具有上述含义,并且R 3表示C 1 -C 12烷基,在酸催化剂存在下在150-400℃的温度下反应。
    • 89. 发明授权
    • Preparation of 5-hydroxyethylpyrrolidones
    • 5-羟乙基吡咯烷酮的制备
    • US5286875A
    • 1994-02-15
    • US960776
    • 1992-10-14
    • Rolf Fischer
    • Rolf Fischer
    • C07D207/26C07D313/04
    • C07D207/26C07D313/04
    • A process for preparing a 5-hydroxyethylpyrrolidone of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.12 -aralkyl, by reactinga) a caprolactone of the general formula II ##STR2## or b) a butyrolactone of the general formula III ##STR3## where R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 -alkyl, ##STR4## R.sup.3 has the meaning of R.sup.2 and is additionally hydrogen and R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 - to C.sub.8 -alkyl or phenyl, with ammonia or a primary amine of the general formula IVR.sup.1 --NH.sub.2 (IV) where R.sup.1 has the abovementioned meanings, at from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and at from 10 to 350 bar, and the preparation of the caprolactones II and the butyrolactones III from the cyclohexanones V.
    • 制备通式I“IMAGE”的5-羟乙基吡咯烷酮的方法,其中R 1表示氢,C 1至C 12烷基,C 3至C 8环烷基,芳基或C 7至C 12 - 芳烷基,其中 a)通式II的己内酯,或b)通式III“IMAGE”的丁内酯,其中R 2表示C 1 -C 12烷基,R 3表示含义 R 2另外表示氢,R 4表示C 1〜C 8烷基和苯基,与通式IV“IMAGE”中的氨或伯胺反应,其中R 1具有上述含义, 在150至450℃的温度和10至350巴的压力下,从环己酮V制备己内酯II和丁内酯III。