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81. 发明授权

US6122091A Transmissive surface plasmon light valve 失效
标题翻译：透射表面等离子体光阀
公开(公告)号：US6122091A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-19
申请号：US172581
申请日：1998-10-14
申请人： Stephen D. Russell , Randy L. Shimabukuro , Yu Wang
发明人： Stephen D. Russell , Randy L. Shimabukuro , Yu Wang
IPC分类号： G02F1/19 , G02F1/03
CPC分类号： G02F1/195 , G02F2203/10
摘要： A surface plasmon device that operates in a transmissive mode. The light is coupled through optically transparent layers to a surface plasmon which alters the color of the light.
摘要翻译：以透射模式工作的表面等离子体激元器件。光通过光学透明层耦合到改变光的颜色的表面等离子体激元。

82. 发明授权

US6103540A Laterally disposed nanostructures of silicon on an insulating substrate 失效
标题翻译：在绝缘基板上排列有硅的纳米结构
公开(公告)号：US6103540A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US185990
申请日：1998-11-04
申请人： Stephen D. Russell , Robert C. Dynes , Paul R. de la Houssaye , Wadad B. Dubbelday , Randy L. Shimabukuro , Andrew S. Katz
发明人： Stephen D. Russell , Robert C. Dynes , Paul R. de la Houssaye , Wadad B. Dubbelday , Randy L. Shimabukuro , Andrew S. Katz
IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 , H01L33/34 , H01L33/40 , H01L33/42 , H01L21/20
CPC分类号： H01L33/42 , H01L31/02322 , H01L33/346 , H01L33/40 , Y10S438/962
摘要： A single crystal silicon film nanostructure capable of optical emission isaterally disposed on an insulating transparent substrate of sapphire. By laterally disposing the nanostructure, adequate support for the structure is provided, and the option of fabricating efficient electrical contact structures to the nanostructure is made possible. The method of the invention begins with the deposition of ultrathin layers of silicon on the substrate. A Solid Phase Epitaxy improvement process is then used to remove crystalline defects formed during the deposition. The silicon is then annealed and thinned using thermal oxidation steps to reduce its thickness to be on the order of five nanometers in height. The width and length of the nanostructure are defined by lithography. The nanometer dimensioned silicon is then spin-coated with a resist with width and length definition in the resist being performed by way of electron beam exposure. The photoresist is developed and the e-beam written pattern is transferred to the silicon by etching. Oxidations and etchings may subsequently be employed to further thin the width of the nanostructure to be on the order of two to three nanometers. The single crystal, silicon-based nanostructures can be made an integral part of silicon-based photo, electroluminescent, and quantum-effect devices all of which are compatible with current silicon manufacturing techniques and with other silicon-based microelectronics.
摘要翻译：能够发光的单晶硅膜纳米结构横向设置在蓝宝石的绝缘透明基板上。通过横向设置纳米结构，提供了对结构的足够的支撑，并且使得能够对纳米结构制造有效的电接触结构的选择成为可能。本发明的方法开始于在衬底上沉积超薄层的硅。然后使用固相外延改进工艺去除沉积期间形成的结晶缺陷。然后使用热氧化步骤对硅进行退火和减薄，以将其厚度减小到高达5纳米级。纳米结构的宽度和长度由光刻法定义。然后，通过电子束曝光来进行抗蚀剂的宽度和长度定义的抗蚀剂旋涂纳米尺寸的硅。光致抗蚀剂被显影，并且电子束写入图案通过蚀刻转移到硅。随后可以采用氧化和蚀刻来将纳米结构的宽度进一步减薄到二至三毫微数量级。单晶硅基纳米结构可以制成硅基光电子，电致发光和量子效应器件的一个组成部分，所有这些都与当前的硅制造技术和其他硅基微电子器件兼容。

83. 发明授权

US6014944A Apparatus for improving crystalline thin films with a contoured beam pulsed laser 失效
标题翻译：用波导束脉冲激光改善结晶薄膜的装置
公开(公告)号：US6014944A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-18
申请号：US934037
申请日：1997-09-19
申请人： Monti E. Aklufi , Stephen D. Russell
发明人： Monti E. Aklufi , Stephen D. Russell
IPC分类号： B23K26/06 , C23C14/58 , C30B13/24 , C23C16/48
CPC分类号： C23C14/5813 , B23K26/06 , B23K26/064 , C30B13/24 , Y10S117/904
摘要： A method and apparatus is presented for crystallizing a thin film on a surate by generating a beam of pulsed optical energy, countouring the intensity profile of the beam, and illuminating the thin film with the beam to crystallize the thin film into a single crystal lattice structure.
摘要翻译：提出了一种方法和装置，用于通过产生脉冲光能束，使光束的强度分布结合，并用光束照射薄膜，使薄膜结晶成单晶格子结构，使薄膜在基片上结晶。

84. 发明授权

US6011291A Video display with integrated control circuitry formed on a dielectric substrate 失效
标题翻译：具有形成在电介质基片上的集成控制电路的视频显示器
公开(公告)号：US6011291A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-04
申请号：US803933
申请日：1997-02-21
申请人： Stephen D. Russell , Randy L. Shimabukuro
发明人： Stephen D. Russell , Randy L. Shimabukuro
IPC分类号： H01J9/02 , H01J31/12 , H01L27/01 , H01J1/02 , H01J9/00 , H01J23/16
CPC分类号： H01J9/025 , H01J31/127 , H01J2201/319
摘要： A video display with integrated control circuitry formed on a single dielectric substrate, includes a dielectric substrate; emitter cathodes formed on the dielectric substrate for emitting electrons; a window plate mounted a fixed distance from the substrate to define a vacuum chamber therebetween; phosphors mounted to the window plate which generate light when irradiated with the electrons; and field effect transistors mounted to the substrate which are electrically interconnected to the emitter cathodes for selectively controlling light emissions from the phosphors.
摘要翻译：具有集成控制电路的视频显示器，其形成在单个电介质基板上，包括电介质基板; 在电介质基板上形成的用于发射电子的发射极阴极; 安装在距基板一定距离的窗板，以在其间限定真空室; 安装在窗口板上的荧光体，其在用电子照射时产生光; 以及安装到衬底的场效应晶体管，其与发射极阴极电互连，用于选择性地控制来自磷光体的光发射。

85. 发明授权

US5942748A Liquid level sensor and detector 失效
标题翻译：液位传感器和检测器
公开(公告)号：US5942748A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-24
申请号：US806958
申请日：1997-02-26
申请人： Stephen D. Russell , Wadad B. Dubbelday
发明人： Stephen D. Russell , Wadad B. Dubbelday
IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 , H01L33/34 , H01L33/40 , H01L33/42 , H01L27/14 , H05B33/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/02322 , H01L33/346 , H01L33/40 , H01L33/42
摘要： A light emitting photonic structure has a transparent substrate, such as sapphire, supporting a layer of group IV semiconductor material, such as silicon, having at least one porous region from which light is emitted as a response to a stimulus. An example of such a photonic structure is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/118,900. The photonic structure can be used to assess the presence of various fluids. The photonic structure is disposed to be contacted by the fluid to be sensed should it be present. The light emitting region of the photonic structure is stimulated by an appropriate source, and the light emitted by the photonic source is detected by a detector. The light emitting region of the photonic structure will emit a certain luminescence in air and should the light emitting region be contacted by other fluid or fluids, this luminescence can be affected and the corresponding change in luminescence can be detected thus the presence of these fluids can be sensed. Because the photonic structure has a light emitting region is formed on a transparent substrate, the light emitting region can be both excited and interrogated through the transparent substrate and outside of the presence of the fluid to be sensed. Hence absorption of the excitation radiation used as well as the luminescence emitted by the fluid to be sensed is eliminated.
摘要翻译：发光光子结构具有诸如蓝宝石的透明衬底，其支撑诸如硅的IV族半导体材料层，其具有作为对刺激的响应从其发射光的至少一个多孔区域。这种光子结构的例子在美国专利申请序列号第08 / 118,900号。光子结构可用于评估各种流体的存在。如果光子结构存在，光子结构被设置成被待感测的流体接触。光子结构的发光区域被适当的光源刺激，并且由光子源发射的光由检测器检测。光子结构的发光区域将在空气中发射一定的发光，并且如果发光区域被其他流体或流体接触，则该发光可能受到影响，并且可以检测到相应的发光变化，因此这些流体的存在可以被感觉到。由于光子结构在透明基板上形成有发光区域，所以可以通过透明基板激发和询问发光区域，并且在待检测流体的存在之外。因此，消除了所使用的激发辐射的吸收以及待被感测的流体发射的发光。

86. 发明授权

US5895629A Ring oscillator based chemical sensor 失效
标题翻译：基于环形振荡器的化学传感器
公开(公告)号：US5895629A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US977720
申请日：1997-11-25
申请人： Stephen D. Russell , Shannon D. Kasa , Howard W. Walker
发明人： Stephen D. Russell , Shannon D. Kasa , Howard W. Walker
IPC分类号： G01K7/00 , G01K7/01 , G01N25/48 , G01N25/32
CPC分类号： G01K7/01 , G01K7/006 , G01N25/4846
摘要： A chemical sensor couples a material that changes temperature in response to a chemical condition with an oscillator. The oscillator is coupled to the material to detect the change in temperature in the material so that the frequency of the oscillator changes in correspondence with the change in temperature as an indication of the chemical condition.
摘要翻译：化学传感器将材料响应化学条件与振荡器相连接。振荡器与材料耦合以检测材料中的温度变化，使得振荡器的频率随温度变化而变化，作为化学条件的指示。

87. 发明授权

US5828118A System which uses porous silicon for down converting electromagnetic energy to an energy level within the bandpass of an electromagnetic energy detector 失效
标题翻译：使用多孔硅来将电磁能量降低到电磁能量检测器带通内的能级的系统
公开(公告)号：US5828118A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-27
申请号：US812680
申请日：1997-03-06
申请人： Stephen D. Russell
发明人： Stephen D. Russell
IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 , H01L33/34 , H01L33/40 , H01L33/42 , H01L31/00 , H01L29/06
CPC分类号： H01L31/02322 , H01L33/346 , H01L33/40 , H01L33/42
摘要： An electromagnetic energy detector system down converts electromagnetic egy from a relatively high energy beyond the detectable range of an electromagnetic energy detector to a lower energy level within the detectable range of the electromagnetic energy detector. The detector includes a transparent substrate, a porous silicon structure formed on the substrate for down converting electromagnetic energy characterized by a first wavelength W1 to electromagnetic energy characterized by a second wavelength W2, where W2>W1; and an electromagnetic energy detector for detecting the down converted electromagnetic energy. The detector is useful in applications where the electromagnetic energy detector would ordinarily be incapable of detecting the higher level electromagnetic energy directly without going through the down conversion process effectuated by the porous silicon structure.
摘要翻译：电磁能量检测器系统将电磁能量从电磁能量检测器的可检测范围内的相对高的能量转换到电磁能量检测器的可检测范围内的较低能级。检测器包括透明基板，形成在基板上的多孔硅结构，用于将以第一波长W1为特征的电磁能量转换为以第二波长W2为特征的电磁能量，其中W2> W1; 以及用于检测下变频电磁能的电磁能量检测器。该检测器可用于电磁能量检测器通常不能直接检测较高电平的电磁能量而不经过由多孔硅结构实现的下变换过程的应用。

88. 发明授权

US4941726A Tapered fiber amplifier 失效
标题翻译：锥形光纤放大器
公开(公告)号：US4941726A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US239158
申请日：1988-08-31
申请人： Stephen D. Russell , Timothy C. Stamnitz
发明人： Stephen D. Russell , Timothy C. Stamnitz
IPC分类号： G02B6/255 , G02B6/28 , H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , G02B6/2552 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2835
摘要： A tapered optical fiber amplifier is designed to provide for long-distance, un-repeatered fiber optic communications. Two single-mode fiber portions are tapered to efficiently intensify and couple an information signal from a laser diode and a pump signal at a shorter wavelength into a fused, tapered single-mode fiber optic coupler. The concentrated information signal and concentrated pump signal are combined via the coupler which is coupled to a several-kilometer length of a relatively small core diametered single-mode fiber to create a nonlinear optical effect (stimulated Raman scattering) (SRS). The SRS causes Raman shift of the pump signal to amplify the information signal, resulting in amplified signals that are efficiently coupled out of the relatively small core diametered optical fiber with another single-mode optical fiber taper portion. The tapered fiber portions launch the signal and pump light into the small core diametered single-mode fiber length, thereby generating SRS to result in a signal amplification and an efficient extraction of the amplified signal via the tapered output fiber portion or pigtail.
摘要翻译：锥形光纤放大器设计用于提供长距离，不重复的光纤通信。两个单模光纤部分是锥形的，以有效地将来自激光二极管的信息信号和较短波长的泵浦信号耦合到融合的锥形单模光纤耦合器中。集中的信息信号和集中的泵浦信号通过耦合器组合，该耦合器耦合到几公里长的相对小的芯径直径的单模光纤以产生非线性光学效应（受激拉曼散射）（SRS）。 SRS引起泵浦信号的拉曼移位以放大信息信号，从而产生被相对较小的核心直径光纤与另一个单模光纤锥形部分有效耦合的放大信号。锥形纤维部分发射信号并将光泵送到小芯径直径单模光纤长度中，从而产生SRS以产生信号放大和通过锥形输出光纤部分或尾纤有效提取放大信号。

89. 发明授权

US4860303A Double-sided co-axial laser 失效
标题翻译：双面同轴激光
公开(公告)号：US4860303A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US297893
申请日：1989-01-17
申请人： Stephen D. Russell
发明人： Stephen D. Russell
IPC分类号： H01S3/093
CPC分类号： H01S3/093 , H01S3/0931 , H01S3/2308
摘要： The solid metal current return in a typical commercial co-axial flashlamp replaced with a light transmissive current return which permits light from either or both surfaces of the flashlamp to be used to pump dye volumes. This enables one flashlamp to pump two dye volumes simultaneously, resulting in a significant increase in the overall efficiency of the co-axial flashlamp-pumped dye laser.
摘要翻译：在典型的商业同轴闪光灯中的固体金属电流返回被替代为透光电流返回，其允许来自闪光灯的一个或两个表面的光用于泵送染料体积。这使得一个闪光灯同时泵送两个染料体积，导致同轴闪光灯泵浦染料激光器的总体效率显着增加。

90. 发明授权

US10921126B2 Systems and methods for navigation using PULSARs 有权
公开(公告)号：US10921126B2
公开(公告)日：2021-02-16
申请号：US16225256
申请日：2018-12-19
申请人： Ayax D. Ramirez , Stephen D. Russell , Marcio C. de Andrade , Lee C. Lemay
发明人： Ayax D. Ramirez , Stephen D. Russell , Marcio C. de Andrade , Lee C. Lemay
IPC分类号： G01C21/02 , G01S19/45 , G01C21/20 , G01R33/035
摘要： Pulsating radio star (PULSAR) navigation systems and methods can include a plurality of PULSARs that can emit PULSAR radiation pulses in the millisecond range, and a plurality of Josephson Junctions (JJs) that can be arranged as an array of microantennas. The systems and methods can include a cryogenic cooling system for cooling the JJs to an operating temperature based on the JJ materials, and a thermal management system for maintaining the operating temperature. An oscillator can determine times of arrival (TOAs) of magnetic field components of the PULSAR pulses. A processor can compute the terrestrial position of the navigation system using the TOAs and the known celestial position of the PULSARs. A GPS sub-system can be included for navigation using GPS signals. The processor can be configured to compute terrestrial location using the PULSAR magnetic field components when GPS signal strength falls below a predetermined level or is lost.

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