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71. 发明授权

US08222897B2 Test circuit with sense elements having associated and unassociated primary windings 有权
标题翻译：具有感应元件的测试电路具有相关联和未相关的初级绕组
公开(公告)号：US08222897B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-17
申请号：US12157719
申请日：2008-06-12
申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
IPC分类号： G01R33/12 , G01N27/72 , G01N27/90 , G01B7/24
CPC分类号： G01L3/105 , G01L1/125 , G01L1/127 , G01L3/102 , G01L5/164
摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. In a bidirectional implementation the meanders are oriented 90° apart while in a quadridirectional implementation the meanders are orientated at −45, 0, 45, and 90°. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence. After the correction, the permeability measurement is then used to assess the local stresses and strains in the material of interest.
摘要翻译：一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折中的感测元件或导电环路以不同方向提供测试材料状况的方向测量，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。在双向实施中，蜿蜒相隔90°，而在四向实施中，蜿蜒方向定位在-45°，0°，45°和90°。多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。在校正之后，然后使用渗透性测量来评估感兴趣的材料中的局部应力和应变。

72. 发明申请

US20100026285A1 Material Condition Assessment with Eddy Current Sensors 有权
标题翻译：涡流传感器材料条件评估
公开(公告)号：US20100026285A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-04
申请号：US12484761
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker , Robert J. Lyons , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher A. Craven , Vladimir B. Tsukernik , David C. Grundy
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker , Robert J. Lyons , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher A. Craven , Vladimir B. Tsukernik , David C. Grundy
IPC分类号： G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046
摘要： Eddy current sensors and sensor arrays are used for process quality and material condition assessment of conducting materials. In an embodiment, changes in spatially registered high resolution images taken before and after cold work processing reflect the quality of the process, such as intensity and coverage. These images also permit the suppression or removal of local outlier variations. Anisotropy in a material property, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, can be intentionally introduced and used to assess material condition resulting from an operation, such as a cold work or heat treatment. The anisotropy is determined by sensors that provide directional property measurements. The sensor directionality arises from constructs that use a linear conducting drive segment to impose the magnetic field in a test material. Maintaining the orientation of this drive segment, and associated sense elements, relative to a material edge provides enhanced sensitivity for crack detection at edges.
摘要翻译：涡流传感器和传感器阵列用于导电材料的工艺质量和材料状况评估。在一个实施例中，在冷加工处理之前和之后拍摄的空间注册的高分辨率图像的变化反映了过程的质量，例如强度和覆盖。这些图像还允许抑制或去除局部异常值变化。可以有意地引入材料性质的各向异性，例如磁导率或电导率，以用于评估由诸如冷加工或热处理之类的操作引起的材料状况。各向异性由提供定向性质测量的传感器确定。传感器方向性来自使用线性传导驱动段将磁场施加在测试材料中的结构。维持该驱动段和相关感测元件相对于材料边缘的方向为边缘处的裂纹检测提供了增强的灵敏度。

73. 发明授权

US07589526B2 Surface mounted sensor arrays having segmented primary windings 有权
标题翻译：具有分段初级绕组的表面安装传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US07589526B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-15
申请号：US11807873
申请日：2007-05-30
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N27/82 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/90 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： One of the issues with planar eddy-current sensors is the placement of the current return for the primary winding. Often the ends of the primary winding are spatially distant from one another, which creates an extraneous and large inductive loop that can influence the measurements. A sensor geometry featuring a primary winding that reduces the effect of this inductive loop is presented. The primary winding may include a plurality of parallel extended winding segments. The segments further include adjacent individual drive coils. Current flows through individual drive coils in an alternating fashion. Current flows through adjacent drive coil portions in a common direction, thereby imposing a spatially periodic magnetic field with at least two periods.
摘要翻译：平面涡流传感器的一个问题是放置初级绕组的电流回报。通常，初级绕组的端部在空间上彼此远离，这产生可影响测量的外部和大的感应回路。提出了一种具有初级绕组的传感器几何形状，可以降低该感应回路的影响。初级绕组可以包括多个平行延伸的绕组段。这些段还包括相邻的单独的驱动线圈。电流以交替的方式流过各个驱动线圈。电流沿相同的方向流过相邻的驱动线圈部分，由此在至少两个周期内施加空间周期的磁场。

74. 发明授权

US07348771B2 Method for verifying sensor condition 有权
标题翻译：检测传感器状况的方法
公开(公告)号：US07348771B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-25
申请号：US11522628
申请日：2006-09-18
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukemik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Karen E. Walrath , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukemik
IPC分类号： G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Sensor condition verification may be performed on electromagnetic sensors and sensor arrays mounted to a material surface. The sensors typically have a periodic winding or electrode structure that creates a periodic sensing field when driven by an electrical signal. The sensors can be thin and flexible so that they conform to the surface of the test material. Monitoring the conductivity changes of a test material, with changes in temperature, may provide a mechanism for testing the integrity of the sensor. Changes in the conductivity, due to changes in temperature, without significant lift-off changes may verify the calibration of the sensor and that the sensor elements themselves are intact.
摘要翻译：可以在安装到材料表面的电磁传感器和传感器阵列上执行传感器状态验证。传感器通常具有周期性的绕组或电极结构，其在由电信号驱动时产生周期性感测场。这些传感器可以是薄而灵活的，以使它们符合测试材料的表面。监测测试材料的电导率变化随着温度的变化，可以提供一种用于测试传感器完整性的机制。电导率的变化，由于温度的变化，没有明显的剥离变化可以验证传感器的校准，并且传感器元件本身是完整的。

75. 发明授权

US07188532B2 Self-monitoring metals, alloys and materials 有权
标题翻译：自我监测金属，合金和材料
公开(公告)号：US07188532B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-13
申请号：US10937105
申请日：2004-09-08
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker , Ian C. Shay , Robert J. Lyons , Christopher A. Craven , Christopher Root , Mark D. Windoloski , Volker Weiss
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker , Ian C. Shay , Robert J. Lyons , Christopher A. Craven , Christopher Root , Mark D. Windoloski , Volker Weiss
IPC分类号： G01B7/16
CPC分类号： G01N27/902 , G01N27/023 , G01N27/24 , G01N27/904 , G01N27/9046 , G01N27/9053
摘要： Observability of damage precursor, damage and usage states, or event occurrence may be enhanced by modifying component materials to include self-monitoring materials or by processing test material to alter the surface properties. The properties of the self monitoring materials, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, are monitored with electromagnetic sensors and provide greater property variations with component condition than the original component material. Processing includes shot peening or laser welding.
摘要翻译：通过修改组分材料以包括自我监测材料或通过加工测试材料以改变表面性质，可以增强损伤前体，损坏和使用状态或事件发生的可观察性。使用电磁传感器监测自我监测材料的特性，例如磁导率或电导率，并且与原始组件材料相比，可提供比组件条件更大的性能变化。处理包括喷丸硬化或激光焊接。

76. 发明申请

US20060076952A9 Segmented field sensors 审中-公开
标题翻译：分段现场传感器
公开(公告)号：US20060076952A9
公开(公告)日：2006-04-13
申请号：US11056334
申请日：2005-02-11
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , David Grundy , Mark Windoloski , Ian Shay , Andrew Washabaugh
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , David Grundy , Mark Windoloski , Ian Shay , Andrew Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/904
摘要： Apparatus and methods are described for assessing material condition through magnetic field measurements that provide material property information at multiple depths into the material. The measurements are obtained from sense elements located at different distances from an excitation drive winding, with the area of each sense element adjusted so that the flux of magnetic field through each sense element is approximately the same when over a reference material. These sense element responses can be combined, for example by subtraction, to enhance sensitivity to hidden features, such as cracks beneath fastener heads, while reducing the influence from variable effects, such as fastener material type and placement. Measurement responses can also be converted into effective material properties, using a model that accounts for known properties of the sensor and test material, which are then correlated with the size of the surface breaking or hidden features.
摘要翻译：描述了用于通过磁场测量来评估材料状况的装置和方法，其在材料的多个深度处提供材料属性信息。测量是从位于与激励驱动绕组不同距离的感测元件获得的，每个感测元件的面积被调节，使得当超过参考材料时，通过每个感测元件的磁场通量大致相同。这些感应元件响应可以例如通过减法来组合，以增强对诸如紧固件头部下方的裂纹的隐藏特征的敏感性，同时减少诸如紧固件材料类型和放置的可变效应的影响。也可以使用考虑传感器和测试材料的已知特性的模型将测量响应转换为有效的材料性质，然后将其与表面破裂或隐藏特征的大小相关联。

77. 发明授权

US06992482B2 Magnetic field sensor having a switchable drive current spatial distribution 有权
公开(公告)号：US06992482B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-31
申请号：US10045650
申请日：2001-11-08
申请人： Ian Shay , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker
发明人： Ian Shay , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01N27/902
摘要： Magnetic field sensor probes are disclosed which comprise primary or drive windings having a plurality of current carrying segments. The relative magnitude and direction of current in each segment are adjusted so that the resulting interrogating magnetic field follows a desired spatial distribution. By changing the current in each segment, more than one spatial distribution for the magnetic field can be imposed within the same sensor footprint. Example envelopes for the current distributions approximate a sinusoid in Cartesian coordinates or a first-order Bessel function in polar coordinates. One or more sensing elements are used to determine the response of a test material to the magnetic field. These sense elements can be configured into linear or circumferential arrays.

78. 发明申请

US20050127908A1 Absolute property measurements using electromagnetic sensors 有权
标题翻译：使用电磁传感器的绝对属性测量
公开(公告)号：US20050127908A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-16
申请号：US10963482
申请日：2004-10-12
申请人： Darrell Schlicker , Neil Goldfine , David Grundy , Robert Lyons , Vladimir Zilberstein , Andrew Washabaugh , Vladimir Tsukernik , Mark Windoloski , Ian Shay
发明人： Darrell Schlicker , Neil Goldfine , David Grundy , Robert Lyons , Vladimir Zilberstein , Andrew Washabaugh , Vladimir Tsukernik , Mark Windoloski , Ian Shay
IPC分类号： G01N27/02 , G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/023 , G01N27/9046
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for absolute electrical property measurement of materials. This is accomplished with magnetic and electric field based sensors and sensor array geometries that can be modeled accurately and with impedance instrumentation that permits accurate measurements of the in-phase and quadrature phase signal components. A dithering calibration method is also described which allows the measurement to account for background material noise variations. Methods are also described for accounting for noise factors in sensor design and selection of the optimal operating conditions which can minimize the error bounds for material property estimates. Example application of these methods to automated engine disk slot inspection and assessment of the mechanical condition of dielectric materials are presented.
摘要翻译：对材料的绝对电气性能测量方法和设备进行了描述。这是通过基于磁场和电场的传感器和传感器阵列几何形状来实现的，其可以被精确地建模并且具有允许精确测量同相和正交相位信号分量的阻抗测量。还描述了抖动校准方法，其允许测量考虑背景材料噪声变化。还描述了用于考虑传感器设计中的噪声因子和选择可以最小化材料性能估计的误差界限的最佳操作条件的方法。介绍了将这些方法应用于自动化引擎盘槽检查和评估介电材料的机械状态。

79. 发明申请

US20050088172A1 Hidden feature characterization using eddy current sensors and arrays 有权
标题翻译：使用涡流传感器和阵列的隐藏特征表征
公开(公告)号：US20050088172A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-28
申请号：US10934103
申请日：2004-09-03
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Darrell Schlicker , David Grundy , Ian Shay , Robert Lyons , Andrew Washabaugh
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Darrell Schlicker , David Grundy , Ian Shay , Robert Lyons , Andrew Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01N27/90 , G01N27/72
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046
摘要： Quasistatic sensor responses may be converted into multiple model parameters to characterize hidden properties of a material. Methods of conversion use databases of responses and, in some cases, databases that include derivatives of the responses, to estimate at least three unknown model parameters, such as the electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, dielectric permittivity, thermal conductivity, and/or layer thickness. These parameter responses are then used to obtain a quantitative estimate of a property of a hidden feature, such as corrosion loss layer thicknesses, inclusion size and depth, or stress variation. The sensors can be single element sensors or sensor arrays and impose an interrogation electric, magnetic, or thermal field.
摘要翻译：准静态传感器响应可以转换成多个模型参数来表征材料的隐藏属性。转换方法使用响应数据库，在某些情况下，包括响应的衍生物的数据库，估计至少三个未知模型参数，如电导率，磁导率，介电常数，导热系数和/或层厚度。然后使用这些参数响应来获得隐藏特征的性质的定量估计，例如腐蚀损失层厚度，夹杂物尺寸和深度或应力变化。这些传感器可以是单元件传感器或传感器阵列，并且会产生询问电磁场或热场。

80. 发明申请

US20040056654A1 Magnetic field characterization of stresses and properties in materials 审中-公开
标题翻译：材料应力和性能的磁场表征
公开(公告)号：US20040056654A1
公开(公告)日：2004-03-25
申请号：US10441976
申请日：2003-05-20
申请人： JENTEK Sensors, Inc.
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Ian C. Shay , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Robert J. Lyons , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N027/72 , G01R033/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9013
摘要： Described are methods for monitoring of stresses and other material properties. These methods use measurements of effective electrical properties, such as magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity, to infer the state of the test material, such as the stress, temperature, or overload condition. The sensors, which can be single element sensors or sensor arrays, can be used to periodically inspect selected locations, mounted to the test material, or scanned over the test material to generate two-dimensional images of the material properties. Magnetic field or eddy current based inductive and giant magnetoresistive sensors may be used on magnetizable and/or conducting materials, while capacitive sensors can be used for dielectric materials. Methods are also described for the use of state-sensitive layers to determine the state of materials of interest. These methods allow the weight of articles, such as aircraft, to be determined.
摘要翻译：描述了用于监测应力和其他材料性质的方法。这些方法使用诸如磁导率和电导率之类的有效电性能的测量来推断测试材料的状态，例如应力，温度或过载条件。可以使用可以是单元件传感器或传感器阵列的传感器来周期性地检查安装到测试材料上的选定位置，或者在测试材料上扫描以产生材料性质的二维图像。基于磁场或涡电流的感应和巨磁阻传感器可用于可磁化和/或导电材料，而电容传感器可用于介电材料。还描述了使用状态敏感层来确定感兴趣的材料的状态的方法。这些方法允许确定诸如飞机的物品的重量。

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