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71. 发明授权

US07957641B2 Method of WDM channel tagging and monitoring, and apparatus 有权
标题翻译： WDM通道标记和监控方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US07957641B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US10067910
申请日：2002-02-08
申请人： David W. Boertjes , Kim B. Roberts
发明人： David W. Boertjes , Kim B. Roberts
IPC分类号： H04B10/08 , H04B17/00 , H04B10/06
CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 , H04B10/07955 , H04J14/0221
摘要： Provided is an optical apparatus and method wherein power transfer coefficients arising from SRS are measured at a designated co-location point and the power of dithers, which are impressed on the channels of a multiplexed optical signal propagating through the optical apparatus, is measured at each co-location point. Within the optical apparatus distances between co-location points are short and the power transfer coefficients are effectively constant. Consequently, the power of each channel of the multiplexed optical signal at the co-location points is obtained from the power of the dithers at a respective one of the co-location points and the power transfer coefficients measured at the designated co-location point. In some embodiments, information on the channel power at the co-location points is used to provide instructions for compensating for fluctuations in channel power and/or channel count at an input and/or channel count within the optical apparatus.
摘要翻译：提供了一种光学装置和方法，其中在指定的共位点处测量由SRS产生的功率传递系数，并且在每个处测量施加在通过光学装置传播的复用光信号的通道上的抖动的功率共点位置在光学设备内，共位点之间的距离短，功率传递系数有效地恒定。因此，在协同位置点处的多路复用光信号的每个信道的功率是从在协同位置点的相应一个处的抖动的功率和在指定的同一点处测量的功率传输系数获得的。在一些实施例中，关于共同位置点处的信道功率的信息被用于提供用于补偿光学设备内的输入和/或信道计数处的信道功率和/或信道计数波动的指令。

72. 发明授权

US07936999B1 Automatic gain control in a coherent optical receiver 有权
标题翻译：相干光接收机中的自动增益控制
公开(公告)号：US07936999B1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-03
申请号：US11533438
申请日：2006-09-20
申请人： Mark Hawryluck , Kim B. Roberts , Kuang Tsan Wu
发明人： Mark Hawryluck , Kim B. Roberts , Kuang Tsan Wu
IPC分类号： H04B10/148
CPC分类号： H04L7/0075 , H04B10/60 , H04B10/61 , H04B10/6162 , H04B10/6165 , H04L7/0004
摘要： In a coherent optical receiver, a method of at least partially compensating Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) of an optical signal received through an optical communications system. A respective multi-bit sample stream of each one of a pair of orthogonal received polarizations of the optical signal is tapped, and used to derive a respective metric value indicative of a quality of each multi-bit sample stream. A gain of an analog front end of the coherent optical receiver is adjusted based on the derived metric values.
摘要翻译：在相干光接收机中，至少部分补偿通过光通信系统接收的光信号的偏振相关损耗（PDL）的方法。光信号的一对正交接收极化中的每一个的相应多位采样流被抽头，并用于导出指示每个多位采样流的质量的相应度量值。基于导出的度量值来调整相干光接收机的模拟前端的增益。

73. 发明申请

US20100031114A1 LOW DENSITY PARITY CHECK (LDPC) DECODER USING BROADCAST MESSAGING 有权
标题翻译：低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）解码器使用广播消息传递
公开(公告)号：US20100031114A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-04
申请号：US12182575
申请日：2008-07-30
申请人： Kim B. Roberts , Manoj Verghese , James Harley , David Damian Nicholas Bevan
发明人： Kim B. Roberts , Manoj Verghese , James Harley , David Damian Nicholas Bevan
IPC分类号： H03M13/11 , G06F11/00 , G06F11/10
CPC分类号： H03M13/1134 , H03M13/1114 , H04L1/0052 , H04L1/0057
摘要： In a decoder implementing a belief propagation algorithm for iteratively decoding a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoded data block, a method of computing messages to be sent by a first node of the decoder to at least one neighbour node of the decoder. The method comprises: processing messages received by the first node to remove an echo of a previous message sent by the first node to the at least one neighbour node in a previous iteration, to yield corresponding modified messages; computing a message for a current iteration using the modified messages; and broadcasting the computed message for the current iteration to each of the at least one neighbour nodes.
摘要翻译：在实现用于对低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）编码数据块进行迭代解码的置信传播算法的解码器中，一种计算将要由解码器的第一节点发送到解码器的至少一个相邻节点的消息的方法。该方法包括：处理由第一节点接收的消息，以将先前迭代中的第一节点发送的先前消息的回波消除到至少一个相邻节点，以产生相应的修改消息; 使用修改的消息计算当前迭代的消息; 以及将针对当前迭代的所计算的消息广播到所述至少一个相邻节点中的每一个。

74. 发明授权

US07356256B1 Digital performance monitoring for an optical communications system 有权
标题翻译：光通信系统的数字性能监控
公开(公告)号：US07356256B1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US10629834
申请日：2003-07-30
申请人： Leo Strawczynski , Kim B. Roberts , John McNicol
发明人： Leo Strawczynski , Kim B. Roberts , John McNicol
IPC分类号： H04B10/08
CPC分类号： H04B10/077 , H04B10/07955 , H04B2210/258
摘要： A digital performance monitoring method and system for an optical communications system utilizes a channel monitor and a digital signal processor (DSP). The channel monitor is designed to monitor a respective channel signal of the optical communications system, and includes a sample memory for storing sample data including a set of sequential N-bit (where N>1) samples generated by an Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter at a predetermined sample rate. The digital signal processor (DSP) is designed to calculate at least one performance parameter of the optical communications system based on the stored sample data. The sample rate of the A/D converter is at least equal to a baud rate of the channel, and preferably satisfies the Nyquist criterion. Multiple A/D converters may be used parallel to sample respective orthogonal components of the channel signal. In this case, the stored sample data may be representative of the complex E-field of the channel signal.
摘要翻译：用于光通信系统的数字性能监测方法和系统利用信道监视器和数字信号处理器（DSP）。信道监视器被设计为监视光通信系统的相应信道信号，并且包括用于存储样本数据的采样存储器，该采样数据包括由模数（数字）信号产生的一组顺序N位（其中N≥1） A / D）转换器。数字信号处理器（DSP）被设计为基于存储的采样数据来计算光通信系统的至少一个性能参数。 A / D转换器的采样率至少等于通道的波特率，并且优选地满足奈奎斯特准则。可以并行地使用多个A / D转换器来采样信道信号的各个正交分量。在这种情况下，存储的采样数据可以表示信道信号的复电场。

75. 发明授权

US06937614B1 Transparent port for high rate networking 有权
标题翻译：用于高速率网络的透明端口
公开(公告)号：US06937614B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US09438516
申请日：1999-11-12
申请人： Kim B. Roberts , Richard R. Habel
发明人： Kim B. Roberts , Richard R. Habel
IPC分类号： H04J3/14 , H04Q11/00 , H04J3/16
CPC分类号： H04J3/14 , H04Q11/0062 , H04Q2011/0045 , H04Q2011/0079 , H04Q2011/0088
摘要： A transparent port which maps continuous format signals of an arbitrary rate into frames of a pre-selected single common rate, is provided with a programmable link termination/instigation, for example a FPGA. The port identifies the rate of the continuous signal, recognizes its protocol and the FPGA is configured accordingly. FPGA performs framing, counts errors, does code conversion, corrects parity and performs any other performance monitoring specific to the protocol. In this way, the continuous format signal may be carried transparently as a tributary of e.g. a SONET network, and the performance parameters for the previous section, such as the previous section fail, may be reported to the far end.
摘要翻译：将任意速率的连续格式信号映射成预选单个公共速率的帧的透明端口被提供有可编程链路终止/启动，例如FPGA。端口识别连续信号的速率，识别其协议，并相应地配置FPGA。 FPGA执行成帧，计数错误，执行代码转换，校正奇偶校验并执行特定于协议的任何其他性能监视。以这种方式，连续格式信号可以透明地承载为例如支路的支路。 SONET网络，以及上一节的性能参数（如上一节失败）可能会报告到远端。

76. 发明授权

US06735259B1 Method and apparatus for optimization of a data communications system using sacrificial bits 有权
标题翻译：用于优化使用牺牲位的数据通信系统的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06735259B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US09466664
申请日：1999-12-20
申请人： Kim B. Roberts , Wolfgang Oberhammer
发明人： Kim B. Roberts , Wolfgang Oberhammer
IPC分类号： H03K900
CPC分类号： H04L7/0337 , H04L7/043 , H04L25/063
摘要： A method and apparatus for using sacrificial bits in a data stream to adjust sampling parameters for the data stream is described. The sacrificial bits are a predetermined sequence of a predetermined length. The sampling parameters are perturbed during transmission or reception of the sacrificial bits in order to provide information useful in adjusting the sampling parameters of the apparatus. Adjustment is accomplished by computing a bit error rate during the perturbing of sampling parameters in order to probe edges of an eye closure of the detected signal. The advantage is faster homing on optimal sampling parameters with little sacrifice of transmission capacity.
摘要翻译：描述了一种在数据流中使用牺牲位来调整数据流的采样参数的方法和装置。牺牲位是预定长度的预定序列。在牺牲位的发送或接收期间，采样参数受到扰动，以便提供有助于调整装置的采样参数的信息。通过在采样参数的扰动期间计算误码率来完成调整，以探测检测信号的眼睛闭合的边缘。优点是在最佳采样参数下更快地归位传输容量。

77. 发明授权

US06654411B1 Method and system for estimating error rate of a communication channel over a wide dynamic range 有权
标题翻译：用于估计宽动态范围内通信信道误码率的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06654411B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US09472912
申请日：1999-12-27
申请人： Kim B. Roberts , Wolfgang W. Oberhammer
发明人： Kim B. Roberts , Wolfgang W. Oberhammer
IPC分类号： H04B1700
CPC分类号： H04L1/20 , H04L1/0083
摘要： At a transmitter, a measurement array is constructed from various combinations of frame bits, including at least one combination Which includes many frame bits and at least one combination which includes only a few frame bits. The measurement array is transmitted along with the frame bits. Upon receipt of the frame at a receiver, a parity check is performed on the received frame bits and on the measurement array, resulting in the creation of a symptomatic array. The symptomatic array can be accumulated during the course of successive frames. After a sufficiently high number of frames, it will become clear from the values of the elements in the accumulated symptomatic array which bits in the symptomatic array are saturated and which are not. The accumulated symptomatic array is then mapped to a BER estimate.
摘要翻译：在发射机处，测量阵列由帧比特的各种组合构成，包括至少一个组合，其包括许多帧比特和至少一个仅包含几个比特的组合。测量阵列与帧位一起传输。在接收机接收到帧时，对接收到的帧比特和测量阵列执行奇偶校验，导致产生有症状的阵列。有序阵列可以在连续帧过程中累积。在足够高数量的帧之后，从累积的症状阵列中的元素的值中可以清楚，症状阵列中的哪些位是饱和的，哪些不是。累积的症状阵列然后映射到BER估计。

78. 发明授权

US06473214B1 Methods of and apparatus for optical signal transmission 失效
标题翻译：光信号传输的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06473214B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-29
申请号：US09283213
申请日：1999-04-01
申请人： Kim B. Roberts , Maurice S. O'Sullivan , Richard R. Habel
发明人： Kim B. Roberts , Maurice S. O'Sullivan , Richard R. Habel
IPC分类号： H04B1004
CPC分类号： H04L5/06 , H04L25/497 , H04L27/02
摘要： A binary signal is encoded to produce a three-level encoded signal having reduced bandwidth and small low frequency and d.c. components, e.g. using modified duobinary encoding, the encoded signal directly modulating a semiconductor laser to produce a frequency modulated optical signal, which is passed through an interference filter to provide two-state amplitude modulation from the three-state frequency modulation for direct recovery of the binary signal by an optical receiver, the interference filter providing constructive and destructive interference for frequencies corresponding to binary one and zero bits respectively. An array transmission system can be provided by combining multiple such frequency modulated optical signals, from multiple lasers with respective central frequencies and respective encoders for multiple binary signals, using an array waveguide which also serves as a channel frequency filter, with a single interference filter. Polarization modulation instead of frequency modulation, and external modulation of an optical signal from an optical source, are also described.
摘要翻译：二进制信号被编码以产生具有减小的带宽和小的低频和直流的三电平编码信号。组分，例如使用修改的二进制编码，编码信号直接调制半导体激光器以产生调频光信号，该信号通过干涉滤波器从三态调制提供双态幅度调制，以通过以下方式直接恢复二进制信号：光接收机，干扰滤波器分别为对应于二进制1和零位的频率提供建设性和相消干扰。可以通过使用具有单个干涉滤波器的阵列波导来组合来自具有各自中心频率的多个激光器和多个二进制信号的相应编码器的多个这种频率调制光信号来提供阵列传输系统。还描述了偏振调制而不是频率调制，以及来自光源的光信号的外部调制。

79. 发明授权

US5513029A Method and apparatus for monitoring performance of optical transmission systems 失效
标题翻译：用于监测光传输系统性能的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5513029A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US261350
申请日：1994-06-16
申请人： Kim B. Roberts
发明人： Kim B. Roberts
IPC分类号： H04B10/02 , H04B10/08 , H04J14/02 , H04B10/16 , H04B10/18
CPC分类号： H04B10/035 , H04B10/0777 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0241 , H04B2210/075 , H04B2210/077 , H04J14/028
摘要： In methods and apparatus for monitoring the performance of optical transmission systems, an optical signal is modulated with a low frequency dither signal to provide a modulated optical signal having a known modulation depth. A portion of the optical signal is tapped, and both a total power and a dither amplitude of the tapped portion of the optical signal are measured. Both signal and noise components of the tapped portion of the optical signal are estimated by comparing the measured dither amplitude to the measured total signal power. In wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission systems, optical signals at each distinct wavelength are modulated with distinct dither signals and dither amplitudes of each distinct dither signal detectable in the tapped portion of the optical signal are measured. Both signal and noise components are estimated for the optical signals at each distinct wavelength. The relative signal powers of optical signals at distinct wavelengths are controlled in response to the measured dither amplitudes. The methods and apparatus are particularly applicable to high capacity long haul terrestrial optical fiber transmission systems using optical amplifiers.
摘要翻译：在用于监测光传输系统的性能的方法和装置中，用低频抖动信号调制光信号，以提供具有已知调制深度的调制光信号。光信号的一部分被抽头，并且测量光信号的抽头部分的总功率和抖动振幅。通过将所测量的抖动幅度与所测量的总信号功率进行比较来估计光信号的抽头部分的信号和噪声分量。在波分复用光传输系统中，每个不同波长的光信号用不同的抖动信号进行调制，并且测量在光信号的抽头部分中可检测的每个不同的抖动信号的抖动幅度。对于每个不同波长的光信号估计信号和噪声分量。响应于测量的抖动振幅来控制不同波长的光信号的相对信号功率。该方法和装置特别适用于使用光放大器的高容量长距离地面光纤传输系统。

80. 发明授权

US5365510A Communications system with a single protection loop 失效
标题翻译：具有单一保护回路的通信系统
公开(公告)号：US5365510A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-15
申请号：US865533
申请日：1992-04-09
申请人： David J. Nicholson , Donald R. Ellis , John B. Mills , Dino C. DiPerna , David W. Martin , Wang-Hsin Peng , Kim B. Roberts
发明人： David J. Nicholson , Donald R. Ellis , John B. Mills , Dino C. DiPerna , David W. Martin , Wang-Hsin Peng , Kim B. Roberts
IPC分类号： H04J3/08 , H04L1/22
CPC分类号： H04J3/085 , H04L1/22
摘要： A communications system is provided having SONET communications channels extending between first and second locations. The channels include pairs of forward and reverse channels for carrying traffic in normal operation between first and second locations and a protection channel for carrying traffic of one channel in the event of a fault. Each pair of forward and reverse channels is provided on a shelf at each location, the shelves having the same relative position at both locations and the protection channel is provided on a protection shelf. The protection channel includes, between the first and second locations, a forward optical link and a reverse optical link and at each of the first and second locations, a single protection loop, coupling the forward and reverse optical links, that forms the protection channel. The protection loop is used to provide, at each location, a local virtual protection loop for indicating the protection requirements and status of the respective location, and a remote virtual protection loop for indicating the protection requirements and status of the location remote from the respective location. The local protection loop is provided by inserting K1 and K2 bytes into E1 slots of STS-1 #25 and #2, respectively. The remote protection loop is provided by inserting K1 and K2 bytes into E1 slots of STS-1 #26 and #3, respectively.
摘要翻译：提供了具有在第一和第二位置之间延伸的SONET通信信道的通信系统。信道包括用于在第一和第二位置之间正常操作中携带业务的正向和反向信道对，以及用于在发生故障的情况下携带一个信道的业务的保护信道。每一对正向和反向通道设置在每个位置的搁架上，在两个位置具有相同相对位置的搁板和保护通道设置在保护架上。保护信道在第一和第二位置之间包括正向光链路和反向光链路，并且在第一和第二位置中的每一个处包括形成保护信道的单个保护环路，耦合正向和反向光链路。保护环路用于在每个位置提供用于指示相应位置的保护要求和状态的本地虚拟保护环路，以及用于指示远离相应位置的位置的保护要求和状态的远程虚拟保护环路。通过将K1和K2字节分别插入到STS-1＃25和＃2的E1插槽中来提供本地保护环路。通过将K1和K2字节分别插入到STS-1＃26和＃3的E1插槽中来提供远程保护环路。

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