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    • 67. 发明专利
    • NL7007001A
    • 1971-11-16
    • NL7007001
    • 1970-05-14
    • C08F2/00C08F2/16C08J9/00C08J9/16C08J9/20C08F47/10C08K1/34C08F7/02
    • 1300233 Expandable thermoplastic polymer beads KANEGAFUCHI KAGAKU KOGYO KK 23 Dec 1969 62675/69 Heading C3C An expandable styrene and/or its derivative polymer bead contains a homogenous mixture of a metal salt of an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid in amount of 2% by wt. or less, the metal of the salt belonging to Group II of the Mendeleef Periodic Table, and an expanding agent which is gaseous at 10‹ C. and atmospheric pressure. The expandable beads may be made by polymerizing the monomers in aq. suspension in the presence of the metal salt and either in the presence of the expanding agent, or if in its absence then impregnating the resultant beads with the expanding agent. In examples the polymer was polystyrene or a copolymer of styrene and methyl methacrylate, the expanding agent was butane and/or pentane, and/or tetrachloroethylene, and the metal salt was calcium stearate, palmitate or laurate, cadmium cumate or n-butyl-benzoate, or zinc p-tert.- butyl-benzoate.
    • 70. 发明专利
    • DE1720485A1
    • 1971-07-01
    • DE1720485
    • 1960-09-29
    • DOW CHEMICAL CO
    • JAY HATCH MELVINLEROY MCMASTER ELMER
    • C07C381/12C07D327/06C07D333/46C08F12/04C08F28/00C09D201/00C08F7/02
    • Polymers or copolymers of water-soluble vinyl benzyl sulphonium compounds of formula, in which the aromatic nucleus may be substituted by one or more alkyl radicals, X is sulphur which is substituted by two alkyl radicals one or both of which may be substituted, or which sulphur is part of a heterocyclic ring, and Y is an anion (see Group IV(b)) are addition polymerized using ultra-violet or gamma irradiation, or azo- or peroxide catalysts. The polymers are soluble in aqueous solvents but insoluble in organic solvents. Examples describe the preparation of poly(vinylbenzyl (2hydroxyethyl, 2-carbamoylethyl) sulphonium) chloride, polymeric vinylbenzyl(methyl, pentaethylene glyco1) sulphonium chloride, and many compounds which may be polymerized are listed. The polymers may be used as watersoluble cationic thickening agents, for the flocculation of slimes, or to promote gel formation in aqueous media.ALSO:The invention comprises water-soluble vinyl benzyl sulphonium compounds of formula, in which the aromatic nucleus may be substituted by one or more alkyl radicals, X is sulphur which is substituted by two alkyl radicals one or both of which may be substituted, or which sulphur is part of a heterocyclic ring, and Y is an anion, which are prepared by reacting a vinylbenzyl halide and a dialkyl, or a substituted dialkyl sulphide or a heterocyclic sulphur compound, preferably in an aqueous reaction medium or a polar anhydrous organic solvent. The halide ion may be converted to other anions by the use of anion exchange resins, and the product is separated by conversion, for example, into the perchlorate, or a bismuth chloride adduct. X is preferably the radical of an organic sulphur containing compound from sulphides R2SR3, wherein R2 and R3 may be, alkyls (1-6C), haloalkyls (1-6C), hydroxyalkyls (1-6C), aralkyls (7-12C), -CH2,CH2O)mCH2CH2OH, -CnH2nCOOH, -CnH2nCOOCnH2n + 1, -CnH2nCOO alkali metal, -CnH2nCONH2, -CnH2nCO,CnH2n + 1, -CnH2n-O-CnH2n + 1, and -CnH2nCN, wherein m and n are integers 1 to 5 and where the total number of carbon atoms attached to a sulphur atom does not exceed 18; and cyclothio compounds such as, unsubstituted, hydroxy-, halo- and alkyl (1-5C) tetrahydrothiophene, thiacyclohexane and 1-oxa,4-thiacyclohexane. Examples describe the preparation of vinyl benzyl (dimethyl) sulphonium chloride; vinylbenzyl (2-hydroxyethyl, ethyl benzyl) sulphonium chloride; poly[vinylbenzyl (2-hydroxyethyl 2-carbamoylethyl) sulphonium chloride; vinyl benzyl (methyl, pentaethylene glycol) sulphonium chloride; vinylbenzyl tetra-hydrothiophenium chloride; and many other compounds which are listed. The monomers may be homo- or co-polymerised and the polymers are suitable as water-soluble cationic thickening agents and for the flocculation of slimes.