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    • 64. 发明授权
    • Method and system for determining atmospheric profiles using a physical retrieval algorithm
    • 使用物理检索算法确定大气剖面的方法和系统
    • US07558673B1
    • 2009-07-07
    • US11644721
    • 2006-12-22
    • Yanni QuWilliam L. Smith
    • Yanni QuWilliam L. Smith
    • G01W1/00
    • G01W1/02
    • The present invention provides a new approach for processing hyper-spectral radiance data. It uses a transformation matrix to convert an instrument radiance spectrum into a pseudo-monochromatic radiance spectrum. The pseudo-monochromatic radiance spectrum is produced by an empirical transform of the instrument channel spectrum to a monochromatic equivalent spectrum (i.e., a pseudo-monochromatic spectrum). Eigenvector regression is used to produce the empirical transformation. Although the transformation does not produce the monochromatic radiance spectrum without error, the transformation error is generally well below nominal instrument noise levels for most spectral channels. The reduction in instrument noise results from a noise filtering effect of the eigenvector transformation. One of the advantages of the present invention is that it eliminates the need to build different fast radiative transfer models (RTMs) for different observing instruments, since the retrieval of geophysical parameters is based on an inversion of the monochromatic radiative transfer model. Although a different transformation matrix is required for different instrument spectral channel characteristics, the production of this transformation matrix is straightforward and simpler than the production of an accurate channel radiance fast model.
    • 本发明提供了一种处理超光谱辐射数据的新方法。 它使用转换矩阵将仪器辐射谱转换为伪单色辐射谱。 伪单色辐射光谱是通过仪器通道光谱对单色等效光谱(即伪单色光谱)的经验变换产生的。 特征向量回归用于产生经验变换。 尽管转换不产生没有误差的单色辐射谱,但是对于大多数光谱通道,变换误差通常远低于标称仪器噪声电平。 仪器噪声的降低是由特征向量变换的噪声滤波效应引起的。 本发明的一个优点在于,它不需要为不同的观测仪器建立不同的快速辐射传递模型(RTM),因为地球物理参数的检索是基于单色辐射传递模型的反演。 虽然对于不同的仪器光谱通道特性需要不同的变换矩阵,但是该转换矩阵的生产比制造精确的通道辐射快速模型简单和简单。
    • 68. 发明授权
    • Machine tool coolant system including a pump with chopping mechanism at inlet
    • 机床冷却液系统,包括在入口处具有斩波机构的泵
    • US06406635B1
    • 2002-06-18
    • US09906978
    • 2001-07-17
    • William L. SmithCharles D. Brann
    • William L. SmithCharles D. Brann
    • F01M110
    • B23Q11/1069B23Q11/0057F04D7/045Y02P70/171
    • A coolant supply and recycle system and method for cleaning used machine tool coolant and returning it to the machine tools for reuse. A tank receives used coolant containing metal chips from one or more machine tools. A pump is in communication with the tank, and is operative to extract used coolant from the tank into an inlet portion of the pump. Within the inlet, the pump includes an inducer-chopper operative to prime the pump and to chop the metal chips to effect a reduction in their size prior to discharging the used coolant from the pump. An impeller is recessed in the pump above the inducer-chopper to create a vortex of the used coolant and sized-reduced metal chips and force them from the pump discharge. The pump discharge portion is connected to a filter for removing the metal chips and supplying the clean coolant back to the machine tools.
    • 一种用于清洁二手机床冷却液并将其返回机床进行再利用的冷却液供应和再循环系统和方法。 一个罐子从一个或多个机床接收含有金属屑的二手冷却液。 泵与罐连通,并且可操作地将来自罐的用过的冷却剂提取到泵的入口部分。 在该入口内,该泵包括一个导流器 - 斩波器,其操作以在泵排出所使用的冷却剂之前起动泵并切断金属屑以减小其尺寸。 叶轮在导流器 - 切碎器上方的凹槽中凹陷,以产生所使用的冷却剂和尺寸减小的金属屑的涡流,并迫使泵从泵排出。 泵排出部分连接到用于去除金属屑并且将清洁冷却剂返回到机床的过滤器。
    • 69. 发明授权
    • Right angle sensor
    • 直角传感器
    • US06298739B1
    • 2001-10-09
    • US09339530
    • 1999-06-24
    • William L. Smith
    • William L. Smith
    • G01K114
    • G01D11/245
    • A sensor probe assembly. The sensor probe assembly includes a sensor probe body having a probe head and an elongated cylindrical probe shaft for housing a sensing element. An adapter attaches the probe body to a sensor location while allowing the sensor probe body to rotate with respect to the adapter. In the preferred embodiment, at least one resilient seal is located between the probe head and the adapter to prevent entry of dirt, oil and grease.
    • 传感器探头组件。 传感器探针组件包括具有探针头和用于容纳感测元件的细长圆柱形探针轴的传感器探针体。 适配器将探针主体连接到传感器位置,同时允许传感器探针主体相对于适配器旋转。 在优选实施例中,至少一个弹性密封件位于探头和适配器之间,以防止污物,油和油脂进入。
    • 70. 发明授权
    • Sequesterants as hypochlorite bleach enhancers
    • 螯合剂作为次氯酸盐漂白剂增强剂
    • US06297209B1
    • 2001-10-02
    • US08642981
    • 1996-05-10
    • Thomas W. KaaretWilliam L. Smith
    • Thomas W. KaaretWilliam L. Smith
    • C11D3395
    • C11D3/3956C11D3/3765
    • Sequestering agents for use as a whitening and fabric strength enhancer for aqueous hypochlorite bleach compositions are provided. It was found that the sequesterants when used with hypochlorite in the presence of soluble heavy metal ions, particularly iron and manganese ions, provide significantly improved whitening and fabric protection. Most preferably, the sequesterants are selected from polyacrylic acid, a polyacrylic acid derivative, a copolymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and a comonomer which is maleic acid or maleic anhydride and mixtures thereof. In one aspect, the sequesterants are employed in a method for laundering fabrics comprising: a) providing, in a wash liquor containing (i) at least about 40 ppb of iron cations or (ii) at least about 10 ppb of manganese cations, or (iii) the cations of both (i) and (ii), and a fabric piece; and b) adding either prior to, contemporaneously with, or after, the step of providing of said fabric piece to said wash liquor a hypochlorite composition which comprises one or more of said sequesterants. Preferably the sequesterant comprises at least 0.1 ppm by weight of said wash liquor and the hypochlorite composition is an alkali metal hypochlorite and said sequesterant has a molecular weight of between about 500 and 500,000 daltons.
    • 提供了用作次氯酸盐漂白剂组合物的增白剂和织物强度增强剂的螯合剂。 已发现,在可溶性重金属离子,特别是铁和锰离子存在下,与次氯酸盐一起使用时,螯合剂可显着改善美白和织物保护。 最优选地,螯合剂选自聚丙烯酸,聚丙烯酸衍生物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的共聚物和作为马来酸或马来酸酐的共聚单体及其混合物。 一方面,螯合剂用于洗涤织物的方法中,包括:a)在含有(i)至少约40ppb的铁阳离子或(ii)至少约10ppb的锰阳离子的洗涤液中,或 (iii)(i)和(ii)两者的阳离子和织物片; 和b)在向所述洗涤液提供包含一种或多种所述螯合剂的次氯酸盐组合物的步骤之前,同时或之后加入所述织物片的步骤。 优选地,螯合剂包含至少0.1ppm重量的所述洗涤液,次氯酸盐组合物是碱金属次氯酸盐,所述螯合剂的分子量为约500至500,000道尔顿。