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    • 61. 发明授权
    • Process for producing methyl lactate
    • 生产乳酸甲酯的方法
    • US4500727A
    • 1985-02-19
    • US359414
    • 1982-03-18
    • Takanori KitamuraMitsuo MatsumotoMasuhiko Tamura
    • Takanori KitamuraMitsuo MatsumotoMasuhiko Tamura
    • C07C67/03C07C69/14C07C69/24C07C69/68
    • C07C67/293C07C67/03C07C67/29C07C67/30Y02P20/584
    • A process for producing methyl lactate by (I) hydroformylating vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate with a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in an organic solvent in the presence of a substantially water-insoluble rhodium complex and a tri-substituted phosphine to form .alpha.-acetoxy- or propionyloxy-propionaldehyde, (II) subjecting at least part of the reaction mixture obtained in step (I) to extraction with an aqueous medium to obtain an aqueous layer containing .alpha.-acetoxy- or propionyloxy-propionaldehyde and an extraction residue containing the catalyst components, and recycling the extraction residue to the hydroformylation step (I), (III) separating .alpha.-acetoxy- or propionyloxy-propionaldehyde from the aqueous layer containing the same as obtained in step (II), (IV) oxidizing .alpha.-acetoxy- or propionyloxy-propionaldehyde obtained in step (III) in the liquid phase with oxygen gas or an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of an oxidation catalyst to form .alpha.-acetoxy- or propionyloxy-propionic acid, and (V) reacting .alpha.-acetoxy- or propionyloxy-propionic acid obtained in step (IV) with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst, and recovering the resultant methyl lactate by distillation.
    • (I)在有机溶剂中,在基本上不溶于水的铑络合物和三取代的膦存在下,通过(I)在氢气和一氧化碳的气体混合物中将乙酸乙烯酯或丙酸乙烯酯加氢甲酰化以生产甲酸乳酸的方法, 乙酰氧基 - 或丙酰氧基 - 丙醛,(II)使步骤(I)中获得的反应混合物的至少一部分用水性介质萃取,得到含有α-乙酰氧基或丙酰氧基丙醛的水层和含有 催化剂组分,并将提取残余物循环到加氢甲酰化步骤(I)中,(III)从含有与步骤(II)中获得的相同的水层分离α-乙酰氧基或丙酰氧基丙醛,(IV)氧化α-乙酰氧基 - 或步骤(III)中获得的丙酰氧基 - 丙醛在氧气或含氧气体的液相中,在氧化催化剂存在下形成α - 乙酰氧基 - 或丙酰氧基 - 丙酸,和(V)使在步骤(IV)中获得的α-乙酰氧基 - 或丙酰氧基 - 丙酸与甲醇在酸催化剂存在下反应,并通过蒸馏回收得到的乳酸甲酯。
    • 63. 发明授权
    • Torque control systems of induction motors
    • 感应电机的转矩控制系统
    • US4384244A
    • 1983-05-17
    • US171645
    • 1980-07-23
    • Mitsuo Matsumoto
    • Mitsuo Matsumoto
    • G05B19/23H02P21/00H02P27/04H02P27/06H02P5/40
    • G05B19/234H02P21/22
    • In a torque control system of an induction motor having m phase stator windings and P poles there are provided a torque instructor and a phase n voltage V.sub.ns generator responsive to a torque instruction given by the torque instructor to calculate the phase n voltage according to the following equation. ##EQU1## where ##EQU2## m: number of phases, n: 1, 2, . . . , m,P: number of poles,I.sub.o : constant exciting current (ampere),r.sub.s, r.sub.r, l.sub.r and l.sub.m : constants inherent to the induction motor,.theta.: rotor rotational angle (radian) of the induction motor, andI.sub.2 : instructed rotor current (ampere) proportional to an instructed torque.
    • 在具有m相定子绕组和P极的感应电动机的转矩控制系统中,设置有扭矩指示器和相位n电压Vns发生器,其响应于由转矩指令器给出的转矩指令,以根据以下步骤计算相位n电压 方程。 + TR 其中 m:阶段数n:1,2。 。 。 ,m,P:极数,Io:恒定励磁电流(安培),rs,rr,lr和lm:感应电动机固有的常数,θ:感应电动机的转子旋转角度(弧度),I2:指示 转子电流(安培)与指令转矩成正比。