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51. 发明授权

US06598682B2 Reservoir communication with a wellbore 有权
公开(公告)号：US06598682B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-29
申请号：US09797209
申请日：2001-03-01
申请人： Ashley B. Johnson , James E. Brooks , Lawrence A. Behrmann , Adinathan Venkitaraman , Ian Walton , Anthony P. Vovers , Vladimir Vaynshteyn , Dinesh R. Patel , Michael W. Fruge
发明人： Ashley B. Johnson , James E. Brooks , Lawrence A. Behrmann , Adinathan Venkitaraman , Ian Walton , Anthony P. Vovers , Vladimir Vaynshteyn , Dinesh R. Patel , Michael W. Fruge
IPC分类号： E21B2900
CPC分类号： E21B43/04 , E21B21/00 , E21B37/08 , E21B43/1195 , E21B43/26 , E21B49/08 , E21B2021/006 , E21B2034/002
摘要： A method and apparatus for improving reservoir communication includes, in one arrangement, use of one or more chambers to create an underbalance condition and/or a fluid surge in the wellbore. In another arrangement, a tool string comprises a packer, a circulating valve, and an atmospheric chamber, in which the circulating valve, when open, is adapted to vent a lower wellbore region below the packer when the packer is set, and the atmospheric chamber is capable of being operated to create an underbalance condition below the packer. In yet another arrangement, an apparatus comprises a subsea wellhead equipment including a blow-out preventer, choke line filled with a low density fluid, and a kill line filled with a heavy fluid. The choke line is adapted to be opened to create an underbalance condition in the wellbore. In yet another arrangement, a method of creating an underbalance condition comprises controlling wellbore pressure at least in a perforating interval to achieve a target level, configuring a perforating gun to achieve a target detonation pressure in the perforating gun upon detonation, and creating an underbalance condition in the perforating interval of the wellbore when the perforating gun is shot. In yet another arrangement, a tool string for use in a wellbore extending from a well surface comprises a closure member adapted to be positioned below the well surface, and a chamber defined at least in part by the closure member. The tool string further comprises at least a port selectively openable to enable communication between the chamber and a wellbore region. The port when open creates a fluid surging to the chamber to provide a low pressure condition in the wellbore region. A tool in the tool string is adapted to perform an operation in the low pressure condition.

52. 发明授权

US06349649B1 Perforating devices for use in wells 失效
标题翻译：用于井的穿孔装置
公开(公告)号：US06349649B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-26
申请号：US09394792
申请日：1999-09-13
申请人： Jerome J. Jacoby , James E. Brooks , Clifford L. Aseltine
发明人： Jerome J. Jacoby , James E. Brooks , Clifford L. Aseltine
IPC分类号： F42B102
CPC分类号： F42B1/028
摘要： The perforating device for use in completing a well includes a case, an explosive charge contained in the case, and a generally bowl-shaped liner. The liner is positioned adjacent the explosive charge and has non-uniforrn thickness along its length. The liner further includes a protruding portion near its tip. In another configuration, the liner includes a hole near its tip to expose a portion of the explosive charge.
摘要翻译：用于完井的穿孔装置包括壳体，容纳在壳体中的炸药，以及一般为碗形的衬垫。衬垫位于爆炸装置附近，沿其长度具有非单向厚度。衬垫还包括在其尖端附近的突出部分。在另一种构造中，衬套包括靠近其尖端的孔以暴露一部分炸药。

53. 发明授权

US5826084A Microprocessor with circuits, systems, and methods for selectively bypassing external interrupts past the monitor program during virtual program operation 失效
标题翻译：具有电路，系统和方法的微处理器，用于在虚拟程序运行期间有选择地绕过外部中断通过监视程序
公开(公告)号：US5826084A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US827012
申请日：1997-03-25
申请人： James E. Brooks , Robert R. Collins , Jonathan H. Shiell
发明人： James E. Brooks , Robert R. Collins , Jonathan H. Shiell
IPC分类号： G06F9/48 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4812
摘要： A microprocessor (26) may multi-task a plurality of programs, and those programs include a virtual program (38 or 40) operable in a virtual mode and a monitor program (34) operable using protected mode semantics. The microprocessor includes input circuitry (INTR) for receiving an external interrupt request signal corresponding to an external interrupt directed to the virtual program, and additional input circuitry (INT#0-7) for receiving an external interrupt number corresponding to the external interrupt directed to the virtual program. The microprocessor further includes an interrupt handling circuit (30) comprising circuitry for identifying an interrupt vector and presenting an interrupt corresponding to the external interrupt request number. Lastly, the microprocessor includes control circuitry (28) coupled to the interrupt handling circuit. The control circuitry includes circuitry for detecting receipt (48) of the external interrupt request signal, and circuitry (46), responsive to receipt of the external interrupt request signal and the external interrupt number, for providing a select signal to the interrupt handling circuit. The interrupt handling circuit identifies the interrupt vector using protected mode semantics (66) and presents an interrupt to the monitor program in response to the select signal comprising a first state, and the interrupt handling circuit identifies the interrupt vector using a second set of semantics (64) differing from the protected mode semantics and presents an interrupt to the virtual program in response to the select signal comprising a second state.
摘要翻译：微处理器（26）可以对多个程序进行多任务，并且这些程序包括以虚拟模式操作的虚拟程序（38或40）和可使用保护模式语义操作的监视程序（34）。微处理器包括用于接收对应于针对虚拟程序的外部中断的外部中断请求信号的输入电路（INTR），以及用于接收对应于外部中断的外部中断号码的附加输入电路（INT＃0-7）虚拟程序。微处理器还包括一个中断处理电路（30），包括用于识别中断向量并呈现与外部中断请求号相对应的中断的电路。最后，微处理器包括耦合到中断处理电路的控制电路（28）。控制电路包括用于检测外部中断请求信号的接收（48）的电路和响应于接收到外部中断请求信号和外部中断号码的电路（46），以向中断处理电路提供选择信号。中断处理电路使用保护模式语义（66）识别中断向量，并响应于包括第一状态的选择信号向监视程序呈现中断，并且中断处理电路使用第二组语义（ 64）与保护模式语义不同，并响应于包括第二状态的选择信号向虚拟程序呈现中断。

54. 发明授权

US5597974A Shaped charge for a perforating gun having a main body of explosive including TATB and a sensitive primer 失效
标题翻译：用于具有爆炸物主体的穿孔枪的成形装药包括TATB和敏感底漆
公开(公告)号：US5597974A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-28
申请号：US610025
申请日：1996-03-04
申请人： Wallace E. Voreck, Jr. , James E. Brooks , John R. Eberhardt , Hooshang A. Rezaie
发明人： Wallace E. Voreck, Jr. , James E. Brooks , John R. Eberhardt , Hooshang A. Rezaie
IPC分类号： C06B21/00 , C06B25/04 , C06B45/00 , C06C7/00 , E21B43/117 , F42B1/02
CPC分类号： F42B1/02 , C06B45/00 , C06C7/00 , E21B43/117
摘要： A shaped charge includes a main body of explosive and a primer adapted to detonate said main body of explosive. In accordance with the present invention, the main body of explosive now includes an explosive composition known as sym-triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) and, since TATB is not sensitive enough to be a primer, the primer must consist of an explosive composition which is more sensitive than TATB. It has been discovered that, when the main body of explosive in a shaped charge is modified to include the explosive composition known as TATB and when the primer includes an explosive other than TATB, such as HNS or NONA or PYX or HMX, or a mixture of HNS or NONA or DODECA or PYX or HMX and TATB and when the shaped charge is detonated, the detonated charge will produce a jet that is longer in length than the jet associated with prior art shaped charges which did not have a main body of explosive that included TATB. As a result, when the longer jet is produced from the shaped charge of the present invention, that has been modified to include a main body of explosive comprising TATB and a primer which is more sensitive than said TATB, the longer jet will produce a longer perforation in a formation penetrated by a wellbore and, as a result, an increased quantity of wellbore fluid will be produced from the perforated formation. A detonating cord could also include the TATB explosive.
摘要翻译：成形装料包括爆炸物的主体和适于引爆所述主体的爆炸物的底漆。根据本发明，爆炸物主体现在包括称为对三氨基硝基苯（TATB）的爆炸性组合物，并且由于TATB不足以作为底漆，底漆必须由更敏感的爆炸性组合物组成比TATB。已经发现，当成型装药的炸药主体被修改为包括称为TATB的炸药组合物，并且当底漆包含除TATB之外的爆炸物如HNS或NONA或PYX或HMX或混合物的HNS或NONA或DODECA或PYX或HMX和TATB，并且当成形电荷被引爆时，引爆的电荷将产生比与不具有爆炸性主体的现有技术成形电荷相关联的射流更长的射流包括TATB。结果是，当本发明的成形装料产生较长的喷射时，其已被修改为包括包含TATB的炸药主体和比所述TATB更敏感的底漆，较长的射流将产生较长的喷射井眼穿透的地层中的穿孔，并且结果将从穿孔地层产生增加量的井筒流体。引爆线也可能包括TATB炸药。

55. 发明授权

US5421418A Apparatus and method for mixing polyacrylamide with brine in an annulus of a wellbore to prevent a cement-like mixture from fouling wellbore tools 失效
标题翻译：将聚丙烯酰胺与盐水混合在井眼环形中的装置和方法，以防止水泥状混合物污染井眼工具
公开(公告)号：US5421418A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US267998
申请日：1994-06-28
申请人： Erik B. Nelson , Clifford L. Aseltine , James E. Brooks
发明人： Erik B. Nelson , Clifford L. Aseltine , James E. Brooks
IPC分类号： C09K8/12 , C09K8/88 , E21B43/117 , E21B43/119
CPC分类号： C09K8/882 , C09K8/12 , E21B43/117 , E21B43/1195
摘要： Prior to pumping completion brine fluid into a wellbore, an additive comprising two percent (2%) of a 0.25% solution of polyacrylamide is blended into the completion brine fluid thereby producing a treated brine fluid. This blending would be performed in tanks at the wellsite. The treated brine fluid is then pumed into the wellbore. In addition, or in the alternative, a new perforating gun stores the polyacrylamide additive composition. When the perforating gun detonates, the additive is disbursed into the completion brine fluid disposed in the annulus of the wellbore. For example, the new perforating gun may include a plurality of shaped charges coated with a lacquer of the polyacrylamide additive, or it may include one or more containers which contain the polyacrylamide additive. When the brine completion fluid is pumped into the wellbore annulus, a detonation wave conducts in a detonating cord of the perforating gun. The detonation wave passes through each of the containers. As a result, the containers will rupture and the plurality of shaped charges will detonate. Since the containers each ruptured, the polyacrylamide additive composition from the containers will be disbursed into the brine completion fluid in the annulus. In addition, or in the alternative, since the shaped charges of the new perforating gun were coated with a lacquer of the polyacrylamide composition, when the shaped charges detonated, the polyacrylamide composition on the zinc charge debris mixes with the brine fluid in the wellbore annulus. Zinc oxychloride hydrate debris is formed as a reaction product. However, the presence of the polyacrylamide additive in the zinc oxychloride hydrate debris will inhibit the formation of hardened chunks of a cement-like material in the annulus of the wellbore.
摘要翻译：在将完成的盐水流体泵送到井眼之前，将包含2％（2％）0.25％的聚丙烯酰胺溶液的添加剂掺入完成盐水流体中，从而产生经处理的盐水流体。这种混合将在井场的坦克中进行。然后将经处理的盐水流体泵入井眼。另外，或者替代地，新的穿孔枪存储聚丙烯酰胺添加剂组合物。当射孔枪引爆时，添加剂被分配到设置在井筒环形中的完成盐水流体中。例如，新的穿孔枪可以包括涂覆有聚丙烯酰胺添加剂的漆的多个成形电荷，或者它可以包括含有聚丙烯酰胺添加剂的一个或多个容器。当盐水完井液被泵送到井筒环中时，爆震波在射孔枪的引爆线中传导。爆轰波通过每个容器。结果，容器将破裂并且多个成形装料将引爆。由于容器各自破裂，来自容器的聚丙烯酰胺添加剂组合物将被分配到环空中的盐水完成流体中。另外或替代地，由于新的穿孔枪的成形装料涂覆有聚丙烯酰胺组合物的漆，当成形电荷引爆时，锌电荷碎片上的聚丙烯酰胺组合物与井筒环中的盐水流体混合。形成氧化锌水合物碎片作为反应产物。然而，在氯氧化锌水合物碎片中聚丙烯酰胺添加剂的存在将抑制在井眼的环空中形成水泥状材料的硬化块。

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