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51. 发明授权

US07491458B2 Active metal fuel cells 失效
标题翻译：活性金属燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US07491458B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-17
申请号：US10825587
申请日：2004-04-14
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M4/40 , H01M12/06 , H01M2/16
CPC分类号： H01M12/04 , H01M2/1646 , H01M4/40 , H01M12/08 , H01M16/003 , Y02E60/128 , Y02P90/40
摘要： Active metal fuel cells are provided. An active metal fuel cell has a renewable active metal (e.g., lithium) anode and a cathode structure that includes an electronically conductive component (e.g., a porous metal or alloy), an ionically conductive component (e.g., an electrolyte), and a fluid oxidant (e.g., air, water or a peroxide or other aqueous solution). The pairing of an active metal anode with a cathode oxidant in a fuel cell is enabled by an ionically conductive protective membrane on the surface of the anode facing the cathode.
摘要翻译：提供了活性金属燃料电池。活性金属燃料电池具有可再生活性金属（例如锂）阳极和阴极结构，其包括电子导电组分（例如，多孔金属或合金），离子导电组分（例如电解质）和流体氧化剂（例如空气，水或过氧化物或其它水溶液）。活性金属阳极与燃料电池中的阴极氧化剂的配对通过面向阴极的阳极表面上的离子导电保护膜来实现。

52. 发明授权

US07282295B2 Protected active metal electrode and battery cell structures with non-aqueous interlayer architecture 有权
标题翻译：受保护的活性金属电极和具有非水层间结构的电池单元结构
公开(公告)号：US07282295B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-16
申请号：US10824944
申请日：2004-04-14
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M6/14 , H01M6/16 , H01M2/16
CPC分类号： H01M2/1673 , H01G11/06 , H01G11/52 , H01G11/58 , H01M2/1686 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0562 , H01M10/0565 , H01M2300/0002 , H01M2300/0085 , Y02E60/122 , Y02E60/13 , Y02P70/54 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Active metal and active metal intercalation electrode structures and battery cells having ionically conductive protective architecture including an active metal (e.g., lithium) conductive impervious layer separated from the electrode (anode) by a porous separator impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte (anolyte). This protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the impervious layer, which may include aqueous or non-aqueous liquid electrolytes (catholytes) and/or a variety electrochemically active materials, including liquid, solid and gaseous oxidizers. Safety additives and designs that facilitate manufacture are also provided.
摘要翻译：活性金属和活性金属插入电极结构以及具有离子导电保护结构的电池单元，其包括通过浸渍有非水电解质（阳极电解液）的多孔隔离物与电极（阳极）分离的活性金属（例如锂）导电不渗透层。这种保护结构防止活性金属与不透水层的另一（阴极）侧的环境有害的反应，其可以包括水性或非水性液体电解质（阴极电解液）和/或各种电化学活性材料，包括液体，固体和气体氧化剂。还提供了便于制造的安全性添加剂和设计。

53. 发明授权

US06248481B1 Overcharge protection systems for rechargeable batteries 有权
标题翻译：充电电池过充保护系统
公开(公告)号：US06248481B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09227183
申请日：1999-01-07
申请人： Steven J. Visco , May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M616
CPC分类号： H01M10/05 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/5815 , H01M10/4235 , H01M2200/00
摘要： Disclosed is an electrochemical device having a shuttle-type redox mechanism for overcharge protection in which the redox reaction is “tuned” with a tuning agent to adjust the potential at which the redox reaction occurs. Such device may be characterized as including the following elements: (1) a negative electrode (e.g., lithium); (2) a positive electrode containing one or more intermediate species (e.g., polysulfides) which are oxidized to one more oxidized species during overcharge; and (3) a tuning species (e.g., an organosulfur compound) which adjusts the rate at which the oxidized species are reduced and thereby adjusts the voltage at which overcharge protection is provided. The oxidized species produced during overcharge move to the negative electrode where they are reduced back to said intermediate species as in a normal redox shuttle. However, the oxidized species react more rapidly than the intermediate species at the negative electrode. Thus, the overcharge protection mechanism becomes more active as the oxidized species' concentration increases—as occurs during more severe overcharge.
摘要翻译：公开了具有用于过充电保护的梭式氧化还原机理的电化学装置，其中氧化还原反应用调谐剂“调谐”以调节发生氧化还原反应的电位。这种器件的特征可以包括以下元件：（1）负极（例如锂）; （2）含有一个或多个中间物质（例如多硫化物）的正电极，其在过充电期间被氧化成一个以上的氧化物质; 和（3）调整氧化物质减少速率的调谐物质（例如有机硫化合物），从而调节提供过充电保护的电压。在过充电期间产生的氧化物质移动到负极，在正常的氧化还原穿梭中它们被还原回所述中间物质。然而，氧化物质比负极处的中间物质反应更快。因此，过充电保护机构随着氧化物质的浓度增加而变得更加活跃 - 如在更严格的过充电期间发生的。

54. 发明授权

US06030720A Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries 失效
标题翻译：液体电解液锂硫电池
公开(公告)号：US06030720A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US948969
申请日：1997-10-10
申请人： May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz
发明人： May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz
IPC分类号： C07D323/00 , C07C227/32 , H01M2/16 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/58 , H01M4/60 , H01M4/62 , H01M6/16 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/40 , H01M10/36 , H01M10/39 , H01M10/44 , H01M10/40
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , C07C227/32 , H01M10/05 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0565 , H01M10/36 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0409 , H01M4/0411 , H01M4/0416 , H01M4/0435 , H01M4/0438 , H01M4/045 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/382 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/626 , H01M10/39 , H01M10/3909 , H01M10/44 , H01M2/1673 , H01M2004/028 , H01M2300/0065 , H01M2300/0085 , H01M4/581 , H01M4/60 , H01M4/621 , H01M4/624 , H01M4/625 , H01M6/164 , H01M6/168 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/188 , H01M6/40
摘要： Disclosed are electrolyte solvents for ambient-temperature lithium-sulfur batteries. The disclosed solvents include at least one ethoxy repeating unit compound of the general formula R.sub.1 (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n R.sub.2, where n ranges between 2 and 10 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different or identical alkyl or alkoxy groups (including substituted alkyl or alkoxy groups). Alternatively, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may together with (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n form a closed ring. Examples of linear solvents include the glymes (CH.sub.3 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.3). Some electrolyte solvents include a donor or acceptor solvent in addition to an ethoxy compound as described. Examples of donor solvents include hexamethylphosphoramide, pyridine, N,N-diethylacetamide, N,N-diethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, tetramethylurea, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tributylphosphate, trimethylphosphate, N,N,N',N'-tetraethylsulfamide, tetramethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine, and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine. These assist in solvation of lithium ions. Examples of acceptor solvents include alcohols, glycols, and polyglycols. These assist in solvation of the sulfide and polysulfide anions.
摘要翻译：公开了用于环境温度的锂硫电池的电解质溶剂。所公开的溶剂包括至少一种通式为R 1（CH 2 CH 2 O）n R 2的乙氧基重复单元化合物，其中n为2-10，R 1和R 2为不同或相同的烷基或烷氧基（包括取代的烷基或烷氧基）。或者，R 1和R 2可以与（CH 2 CH 2 O）n一起形成闭环。线性溶剂的实例包括甘氨酸（CH3O（CH2CH2）nCH3）。除了所述的乙氧基化合物之外，一些电解质溶剂包括供体或受体溶剂。供体溶剂的实例包括六甲基磷酰胺，吡啶，N，N-二乙基乙酰胺，N，N-二乙基甲酰胺，二甲基亚砜，四甲基脲，N，N-二甲基乙酰胺，N，N-二甲基甲酰胺，磷酸三丁酯，磷酸三甲酯，N，N，N'，N' 四乙基磺酰胺，四亚甲基二胺，四甲基丙二胺和五甲基二亚乙基三胺。这些有助于锂离子的溶剂化。受体溶剂的实例包括醇，二醇和聚二醇。这些有助于溶剂化硫化物和多硫化物阴离子。

55. 发明授权

US4917974A Lithium/organosulfur redox cell having protective solid electrolyte barrier formed on anode and method of making same 失效
标题翻译：在阳极上形成保护性固体电解质屏障的锂/有机硫氧化还原电池及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4917974A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US337978
申请日：1989-04-14
申请人： Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Meilin Liu , Catherine C. Mailhe
发明人： Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Meilin Liu , Catherine C. Mailhe
IPC分类号： H01M4/12 , H01M4/60 , H01M10/36
CPC分类号： H01M10/0563 , H01M4/12 , H01M4/60 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A lithium/organosulfur redox cell is disclosed which comprises a solid lium anode, a liquid organosulfur cathode, and a barrier layer formed adjacent a surface of the solid lithium anode facing the liquid organosulfur cathode consisting of a reaction product of the lithium anode with the organosulfur cathode. The organosulfur cathode comprises a material having the formula (R(S).sub.y).sub.N where y=1 to 6, n=2 to 20 and R is one or more different aliphatic or aromatic organic moieties having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may include one or more oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, or fluorine atoms associated with the chain when R comprises an aliphatic chain, wherein the linear chain may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and wherein either the aliphatic chain or the aromatic ring may have substituted groups thereon.
摘要翻译：公开了一种锂/有机硫氧化还原电池，其包括固体锂阳极，液体有机硫阴极和邻近固体锂阳极的面对液体有机硫阴极的表面形成的阻挡层，其由锂阳极与有机硫的反应产物组成阴极。有机硫阴极包括具有式（R（S）y）N的材料，其中y = 1至6，n = 2至20，R为一个或多个具有1至20个碳原子的不同的脂族或芳族有机部分，当R包含脂族链时，包括与该链相连的一个或多个氧，硫，氮或氟原子，其中所述直链可以是直链或支链，饱和或不饱和的，并且其中脂族链或芳环可以具有取代基。

56. 发明授权

US08932771B2 Cathode architectures for alkali metal / oxygen batteries 有权
标题翻译：碱金属/氧气电池的阴极结构
公开(公告)号：US08932771B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US13525128
申请日：2012-06-15
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Vitaliy Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Yury Volfkovich , Daniil Bograchev
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Vitaliy Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Yury Volfkovich , Daniil Bograchev
IPC分类号： H01M4/46 , H01M4/48 , H01M10/04
CPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/861 , H01M12/08 , H01M2300/0025 , Y02E60/128 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Electrochemical energy storage devices, such as alkali metal-oxygen battery cells (e.g., non-aqueous lithium-air cells), have a cathode architecture with a porous structure and pore composition that is tailored to improve cell performance, especially as it pertains to one or more of the discharge/charge rate, cycle life, and delivered ampere-hour capacity. A porous cathode architecture having a pore volume that is derived from pores of varying radii wherein the pore size distribution is tailored as a function of the architecture thickness is one way to achieve one or more of the aforementioned cell performance improvements.
摘要翻译：诸如碱金属 - 氧电池单元（例如非水锂电池）的电化学能量存储装置具有阴极结构，其具有多孔结构和孔组成，其被定制以改善电池性能，特别是与其相关的一种或更多的放电/充电速率，循环寿命和交付安培小时容量。具有孔体积的多孔阴极结构是从变化的半径的孔导出的孔体积，其中孔径分布是根据结构厚度来调整的，这是实现上述一个或多个电池性能改进的一种方式。

57. 发明授权

US08828575B2 Aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries 有权
标题翻译：水电解液锂硫电池
公开(公告)号：US08828575B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-09
申请号：US13676487
申请日：2012-11-14
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Nikolay Goncharenko , Valentina Loginova
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Nikolay Goncharenko , Valentina Loginova
IPC分类号： H01M4/58 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/20 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/1397 , H01M4/136 , H01M10/36 , H01M2/40 , H01M10/052 , H01M4/40
CPC分类号： H01M6/04 , H01M2/40 , H01M4/136 , H01M4/1397 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/382 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/40 , H01M4/405 , H01M4/485 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/587 , H01M4/661 , H01M4/663 , H01M4/667 , H01M4/74 , H01M4/806 , H01M4/808 , H01M8/188 , H01M8/20 , H01M10/02 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/26 , H01M10/36 , H01M12/08 , H01M2300/0014 , H01M2300/0037 , Y02E60/12 , Y02E60/124 , Y02E60/128 , Y02P70/54 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： Provided are lithium sulfur battery cells that use water as an electrolyte solvent. In various embodiments the water solvent enhances one or more of the following cell attributes: energy density, power density and cycle life. Significant cost reduction can also be realized by using an aqueous electrolyte in combination with a sulfur cathode. For instance, in applications where cost per Watt-Hour (Wh) is paramount, such as grid storage and traction applications, the use of an aqueous electrolyte in combination with inexpensive sulfur as the cathode active material can be a key enabler for the utility and automotive industries, providing a cost effective and compact solution for load leveling, electric vehicles and renewable energy storage.
摘要翻译：提供使用水作为电解质溶剂的锂硫电池。在各种实施方案中，水溶剂增强以下电池属性中的一个或多个：能量密度，功率密度和循环寿命。通过使用与硫阴极组合的水性电解质也可以实现显着的成本降低。例如，在瓦特成本（Wh）至关重要的应用中，例如电网储存和牵引应用，使用含水电解质与廉价硫作为阴极活性材料可以成为实用和关键的关键因素，汽车行业，为负载均衡，电动汽车和可再生能源存储提供了成本效益和紧凑的解决方案。

58. 发明授权

US08673477B2 High energy density aqueous lithium/air-battery cells 失效
标题翻译：高能密度锂/空气电池单体电池
公开(公告)号：US08673477B2
公开(公告)日：2014-03-18
申请号：US12484065
申请日：2009-06-12
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Alexei Petrov , Kirill Pridatko , Bruce Katz
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Alexei Petrov , Kirill Pridatko , Bruce Katz
IPC分类号： H01M10/12 , H01M6/04 , H01M4/36 , H01M6/24 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/58
CPC分类号： H01M2/1673 , H01M4/382 , H01M6/04 , H01M6/045 , H01M8/08 , H01M12/02 , H01M12/04 , H01M12/06 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Li/air battery cells are configurable to achieve very high energy density. The cells include a protected a lithium metal or alloy anode and an aqueous catholyte in a cathode compartment. In addition to the aqueous catholyte, components of the cathode compartment include an air cathode (e.g., oxygen electrode) and a variety of other possible elements.
摘要翻译： Li /空气电池单元可配置为实现非常高的能量密度。电池包括在阴极室中的受保护的锂金属或合金阳极和含水阴极电解液。除了水性阴极电解液之外，阴极室的部件还包括空气阴极（例如氧气电极）和各种其它可能的元件。

59. 发明授权

US08652686B2 Substantially impervious lithium super ion conducting membranes 有权
标题翻译：基本不渗透的锂超离子导电膜
公开(公告)号：US08652686B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-18
申请号：US13673789
申请日：2012-11-09
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Yevgeniy S. Nimon
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Yevgeniy S. Nimon
IPC分类号： H01M4/13
CPC分类号： H01M10/056 , H01B1/122 , H01M2/1673 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0416 , H01M4/08 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/131 , H01M4/133 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/139 , H01M4/242 , H01M4/32 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/383 , H01M4/385 , H01M4/387 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/86 , H01M6/04 , H01M6/16 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/185 , H01M6/188 , H01M6/24 , H01M6/34 , H01M8/08 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0561 , H01M10/0566 , H01M12/04 , H01M12/06 , H01M12/08 , H01M2004/027 , H01M2300/0005 , H01M2300/0017 , H01M2300/0065 , H01M2300/0068 , H01M2300/0071 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M2300/0085 , H01M2300/0091 , Y02E60/128
摘要： A composite solid electrolyte includes a monolithic solid electrolyte base component that is a continuous matrix of an inorganic active metal ion conductor and a filler component used to eliminate through porosity in the solid electrolyte. In this way a solid electrolyte produced by any process that yields residual through porosity can be modified by the incorporation of a filler to form a substantially impervious composite solid electrolyte and eliminate through porosity in the base component. Methods of making the composites are also disclosed. The composites are generally useful in electrochemical cell structures such as battery cells and in particular protected active metal anodes, particularly lithium anodes, that are protected with a protective membrane architecture incorporating the composite solid electrolyte. The protective architecture prevents the active metal of the anode from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the architecture, which may include aqueous, air and organic liquid electrolytes and/or electrochemically active materials.
摘要翻译：复合固体电解质包括作为无机活性金属离子导体的连续基体和用于消除固体电解质中的孔隙率的填充剂组分的整体式固体电解质基底组分。以这种方式，可以通过引入填料以形成基本上不可渗透的复合固体电解质并通过基础组分中的孔隙度来消除通过产生残余孔隙率的任何方法产生的固体电解质。还公开了制备复合材料的方法。复合材料通常可用于电化学电池结构，例如电池单元，特别是保护性活性金属阳极，特别是锂阳极，其被保护膜结构保护，并结合复合固体电解质。保护结构防止阳极的活性金属与结构的另一（阴极）侧的环境有害的反应，其可以包括水性，空气和有机液体电解质和/或电化学活性材料。

60. 发明授权

US08501339B2 Protected lithium electrodes having a polymer electrolyte interlayer and battery cells thereof 有权
标题翻译：具有聚合物电解质中间层的保护锂电极及其电池单元
公开(公告)号：US08501339B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-06
申请号：US13615351
申请日：2012-09-13
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M2/16 , H01M6/14 , H01M6/16
CPC分类号： H01M2/1673 , H01G11/06 , H01G11/52 , H01G11/58 , H01M2/1686 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0562 , H01M10/0565 , H01M2300/0002 , H01M2300/0085 , Y02E60/122 , Y02E60/13 , Y02P70/54 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Active metal and active metal intercalation electrode structures and battery cells having ionically conductive protective architecture including an active metal (e.g., lithium) conductive impervious layer separated from the electrode (anode) by a porous separator impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte (anolyte). This protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the impervious layer, which may include aqueous or non-aqueous liquid electrolytes (catholytes) and/or a variety electrochemically active materials, including liquid, solid and gaseous oxidizers. Safety additives and designs that facilitate manufacture are also provided.
摘要翻译：活性金属和活性金属插入电极结构以及具有离子导电保护结构的电池单元，其包括通过浸渍有非水电解质（阳极电解液）的多孔隔离物与电极（阳极）分离的活性金属（例如锂）导电不渗透层。这种保护结构防止活性金属与不透水层的另一（阴极）侧的环境有害的反应，其可以包括水性或非水性液体电解质（阴极电解液）和/或各种电化学活性材料，包括液体，固体和气体氧化剂。还提供了便于制造的安全性添加剂和设计。

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