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    • 51. 发明申请
    • Method of Diffusing a Catalyst for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction
    • 扩散电催化氧化还原催化剂的方法
    • US20080058201A1
    • 2008-03-06
    • US11837008
    • 2007-08-10
    • John GordonHachiya ToshinoriShekar BalagopalSai Bhavaraju
    • John GordonHachiya ToshinoriShekar BalagopalSai Bhavaraju
    • B01J21/18B01J23/02B01J23/04B01J23/10B01J23/745B01J23/75B01J23/755
    • C25B11/0463C23C18/1216C23C18/1254C23C18/127C23C18/1275H01M4/8875H01M4/9016H01M4/96H01M8/08Y10S502/525Y10S516/901
    • An improved gas diffusion electrode composed of a perovskite-type oxide dispersed in a mixture of carbon black and a hydrophobic binder polymer. An improved catalyst for use in the electrochemical reduction of oxygen comprising a perovskite-type compound having alpha and beta sites, and having a greater molar ratio of cations at the beta site. A particularly good reduction catalyst is a neodymium calcium manganite. An improved method of dispersing the catalysts with carbon in a reaction layer of the electrode improves performance of the electrode and the oxygen reduction process. This is provided by adding carbon black to an aqueous solution of metal salts before it is heated to a gel and then to a char and then calcined. Optionally, a quantity of the desired oxide catalyst can be premixed with a portion the carbon before adding the carbon to an aqueous solution of the metal salts to be heated. The amount of premixed metal oxide is chosen in conjunction with the amount of metal salts to provide the desired molar ratio after heating and calcining of the aqueous solution.
    • 改进的气体扩散电极,其由分散在炭黑和疏水性粘合剂聚合物的混合物中的钙钛矿型氧化物组成。 用于电化学还原氧的改进的催化剂包括具有α和β位点的钙钛矿型化合物,并且在β位具有更大的阳离子摩尔比。 特别好的还原催化剂是钕钙锰矿。 将电催化剂用碳分散在电极的反应层中的改进方法提高了电极的性能和氧还原过程。 这是通过在金属盐的水溶液加热至凝胶然后加入炭然后煅烧之前将炭黑加入到水溶液中而提供的。 任选地,一定量的所需氧化物催化剂可以在将碳添加到待加热的金属盐的水溶液中之前与碳的一部分预混合。 联合金属盐的量选择预混合金属氧化物的量,以便在加热和煅烧水溶液之后提供所需的摩尔比。
    • 58. 发明授权
    • Digital data decoders
    • 数字数据解码器
    • US4675871A
    • 1987-06-23
    • US659367
    • 1984-10-10
    • John GordonGraham King
    • John GordonGraham King
    • H03M13/33G06F11/10
    • H03M13/33
    • A Viterbi decoder is provided with synchronization error detector which detects synchronization errors by monitoring the growth of the path metric associated with a state having itself as a predecessor and to indicate synchronization errors independently of the behavior of metrics associated with other states. The difference between the integral of the selected metric over a certain period of time and the sum of the absolute values of the input encoded data signal is determined and compared to a threshold to indicate whether or not a synchronization error exists.
    • 维特比解码器具有同步误差检测器,其同步误差检测器通过监视与其本身作为前导相关联的状态相关联的路径度量的增长来检测同步错误,并且独立于与其他状态相关联的度量的行为来指示同步误差。 确定在一定时间段内的所选度量的积分与输入编码数据信号的绝对值的和之间的差异,并将其与阈值进行比较,以指示是否存在同步误差。