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    • 52. 发明授权
    • Tissue penetrating apparatus and methods
    • 组织穿透装置和方法
    • US5460182A
    • 1995-10-24
    • US944516
    • 1992-09-14
    • David E. GoodmanDaniel S. Goldberger
    • David E. GoodmanDaniel S. Goldberger
    • A61B5/00A61B17/00A61B17/068A61B17/28A61B17/34A61B18/00A61B18/14A61B19/00A61B6/00
    • A61B5/6848A61B17/3417A61B17/3494A61B18/00A61B5/0084A61B5/0086A61B17/068A61B17/29A61B17/3474A61B18/14A61B2017/00022A61B2017/00057A61B2017/00061A61B2017/00119A61B2017/00123A61B2017/00508A61B2017/00557A61B2090/3614A61B2560/0276A61B2562/08
    • A tissue penetrating apparatus including a surgical appliance having a sharp tip for penetrating tissue, a first optical element for emitting one or more selected monochromatic wavelengths of light, and a second optical element for sensing light corresponding to the one or more selected monochromatic wavelengths of light. The first and second optical elements are optical transmission fibers secured to the appliance proximate to the tip so that one fiber passes one or more monochromatic wavelengths of light into the tissue to be penetrated, and the other fiber passes the light sensed to a light detector. A control circuit is used to illuminate the one or more light sources to emit light out one of the first and second optical fibers, and to provide an electrical signal corresponding to the light sensed at the other of the first and second optical fibers. The electrical signal includes sensed light at each of the monochromatic wavelengths of light emitted, and sensed light in the absence of emitted light. An analysis circuit or a microprocessor based device may be used for processing the electrical signals and determining when the appliance tip has entered a body cavity. An annunciator is actuated to indicate the relative extent of passage through the tissue and when penetration has occurred.
    • 一种组织穿透装置,其包括具有用于穿透组织的尖锐尖端的外科器具,用于发射一个或多个所选择的单色波长的光的第一光学元件和用于感测与所述一个或多个选定的单色波长的光对应的光的第二光学元件 。 第一和第二光学元件是固定到靠近尖端的器具的光传输光纤,使得一个光纤将一个或多个单色波长的光通过要被穿透的组织中,并且另一个光纤将感测到的光通过光检测器。 控制电路用于照亮一个或多个光源以发出第一和第二光纤之一的光,并且提供对应于在第一和第二光纤中的另一个处感测的光的电信号。 电信号包括在发射的光的每个单色波长处的感测光,以及在没有发射光的情况下感测到的光。 可以使用分析电路或基于微处理器的设备来处理电信号并确定器具尖端何时进入体腔。 启动信号器以指示通过组织的相对程度,并且当穿透发生时。
    • 57. 发明授权
    • Tissue interrogating device and methods
    • 组织询问装置及方法
    • US5769791A
    • 1998-06-23
    • US472863
    • 1995-06-07
    • David A. BenaronDaniel S. GoldbergerDavid E. GoodmanRobert S. Smith
    • David A. BenaronDaniel S. GoldbergerDavid E. GoodmanRobert S. Smith
    • A61B5/00A61B17/00A61B17/068A61B17/28A61B17/34A61B18/00A61B18/14A61B19/00G01N21/47A61B6/00
    • A61B17/3417A61B17/3494A61B18/00A61B5/0084A61B5/0086A61B5/6848G01N21/4795A61B17/068A61B17/29A61B17/3474A61B18/14A61B2017/00022A61B2017/00057A61B2017/00061A61B2017/00119A61B2017/00123A61B2017/00508A61B2017/00557A61B2090/3614A61B2560/0276A61B2562/0242A61B2562/08A61B5/0075
    • A tool for nondestructive interrogation of the tissue including a light source emitter and detector which may be mounted directly on the surgical tool in a tissue contacting surface for interrogation or mounted remotely and guided to the surgical field with fiber optic cables. The light source may be broadband and wavelength differentiation can be accomplished at the detector via filters or gratings, or using time, frequency, or space resolved methods. Alternatively, n discrete monochromatic light sources may be provided which are subsequently multiplexed into a single detector by time or by frequency multiplexing. The optical sensing elements can be built into a surgical tool end effector tip such as a tissue grasping tool which has cooperating jaws (bivalve or multi-element). In the preferred embodiment the light source (or the fiber optic guide) is mounted on one jaw and the detector (or fiber optic guide) is mounted in the opposing jaw so that the light emitter and detector are facing one another either directly (i.e., on the same optical axis when the tool is closed) or acutely (i.e., with intersecting optical axes so that the light emitted is detected). In this case, the sensor is working in a transmission modality. Arrangements with the optical components mounted on the same member of a single member or a multi member structure, operating in a reflective modality, are disclosed.
    • 一种用于非破坏性询问组织的工具,包括光源发射器和检测器,其可以直接安装在组织接触表面上的外科手术器件上用于询问或远程安装并且用光纤电缆引导到外科手术区域。 光源可以是宽带的,并且可以在检测器通过滤波器或光栅,或者使用时间,频率或空间分辨的方法来实现波长分化。 或者,可以提供n个离散单色光源,其随后通过时间或通过频率复用复用到单个检测器中。 光学感测元件可以内置在外科工具末端执行器尖端中,例如具有配合的钳口(双壳体或多元件)的组织抓取工具。 在优选实施例中,光源(或光纤引导件)安装在一个钳口上,并且检测器(或光纤引导件)安装在相对的钳口中,使得发光器和检测器直接彼此面对(即, 在工具关闭时在相同的光轴上)或锐利地(即,具有相交的光轴,使得检测到发射的光)。 在这种情况下,传感器以传输模式工作。 公开了以反射模式操作的安装在单个构件或多构件结构的同一构件上的光学构件的布置。
    • 60. 发明授权
    • Durable sensor for detecting optical pulses
    • 用于检测光脉冲的耐用传感器
    • US4685464A
    • 1987-08-11
    • US752404
    • 1985-07-05
    • Daniel S. GoldbergerJames E. CorenmanKenneth R. McCord
    • Daniel S. GoldbergerJames E. CorenmanKenneth R. McCord
    • A61B5/00
    • A61B5/6826A61B5/14552A61B5/6838
    • A sensor for use with instruments that non-invasively measure blood constituents, particularly oxygen saturation of arterial blood from the patient's tissue. The sensor has two rigid housings adapted for arrangement in opposition and secured about a patient's tissue. Each housing has a deformable pad adapted for receiving, conforming to, and securely gripping the patient's tissue without significantly affecting arterial blood flow. In one embodiment, the housings are pivotally mounted and biased closed under tension, one pad contains a light source for illuminating the tissue in its tissue contacting surface, and the other pad contains the light detector for use in measuring the amount of light absorbed by the blood constituent. In a second embodiment one or the other pad contains both the light source and light detector. The detected light can then be correlated to the amount of blood constituent present in the blood.
    • 用于非侵入性地测量血液成分,特别是来自患者组织的动脉血的氧饱和度的仪器的传感器。 该传感器具有两个刚性壳体,适合于相对布置并固定在患者组织周围。 每个壳体具有适于接收,符合并可靠地夹紧患者组织的可变形垫,而不会显着影响动脉血流。 在一个实施例中,壳体在张力下可枢转地安装和偏置关闭,一个垫包含用于照射组织接触表面中的组织的光源,另一个衬垫包含用于测量由该组织接触表面吸收的光的量的光检测器 血液成分。 在第二实施例中,一个或另一个衬垫包含光源和光检测器。 检测到的光可以与存在于血液中的血液成分的量相关联。