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41. 发明授权

US08162935B2 Systems and methods for electrode contact assessment 有权
标题翻译：电极接触评估的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08162935B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-24
申请号：US12091151
申请日：2006-10-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Troy T. Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed R. Heimbecher
发明人： Saurav Paul , Troy T. Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed R. Heimbecher
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2090/065
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for assessing electrode-tissue contact for tissue ablation. An exemplary electrode contact sensing system comprises an electrode 10 housed within a distal portion of a catheter shaft 14. At least one electro-mechanical sensor 20 is operatively associated with the electrode 10 within the catheter shaft 14. The at least one electro-mechanical sensor 20 is responsive to movement of the electrode 10 by generating electrical signals corresponding to the amount of movement. The system may also include an output device electrically connected to the at least one electro-mechanical sensor 20. The output device receives the electrical signals for assessing a level of contact between the electrode 10 and a tissue 12.
摘要翻译：公开了用于评估用于组织消融的电极组织接触的系统和方法。示例性的电极接触感测系统包括容纳在导管轴14的远端部分内的电极10.至少一个电 - 机械传感器20与导管轴14内的电极10可操作地相关联。至少一个电 - 机械传感器 20通过产生对应于移动量的电信号来响应于电极10的运动。该系统还可以包括电连接到至少一个机电传感器20的输出装置。输出装置接收用于评估电极10和组织12之间的接触程度的电信号。

42. 发明申请

US20100286690A1 Assessment of electrode coupling for tissue ablation 有权
公开(公告)号：US20100286690A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12095685
申请日：2006-12-06
申请人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61N1/40 , A61B2018/00357 , A61B2018/00875
摘要： An electrode catheter and a method for assessing electrode-tissue contact and coupling are disclosed. An exemplary electrode catheter comprises an electrode adapted to apply electrical energy. A measurement circuit is adapted to measure impedance between the electrode and ground as the electrode approaches a target tissue. A processor determines a contact and coupling condition for the target tissue based at least in part on reactance of the impedance measured by the measurement circuit. In another exemplary embodiment, the electrode catheter determines the contact and coupling condition based at least in part on a phase angle of the impedance.

43. 发明申请

US20080275442A1 Systems and Methods for Electrode Contact Assessment 有权
标题翻译：电极接触评估系统与方法
公开(公告)号：US20080275442A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-06
申请号：US12091151
申请日：2006-10-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Troy T. Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed R. Heimbecher
发明人： Saurav Paul , Troy T. Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed R. Heimbecher
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2090/065
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for assessing electrode-tissue contact for tissue ablation. An exemplary electrode contact sensing system comprises an electrode 10 housed within a distal portion of a catheter shaft 14. At least one electromechanical sensor 20 is operatively associated with the electrode 10 within the catheter shaft 14. The at least one electromechanical sensor 20 is responsive to movement of the electrode 10 by generating electrical signals corresponding to the amount of movement. The system may also include an output device electrically connected to the at least one electromechanical sensor 20. The output device receives the electrical signals for assessing a level of contact between the electrode 10 and a tissue 12.
摘要翻译：公开了用于评估用于组织消融的电极组织接触的系统和方法。示例性电极接触感测系统包括容纳在导管轴14的远端部分内的电极10。至少一个机电传感器20与导管轴14内的电极10可操作地相关联。至少一个机电传感器20通过产生对应于移动量的电信号来响应电极10的运动。该系统还可以包括电连接到至少一个机电传感器20的输出装置。输出装置接收用于评估电极10和组织12之间的接触水平的电信号。

44. 发明申请

US20070100332A1 Systems and methods for electrode contact assessment 有权
标题翻译：电极接触评估的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070100332A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-03
申请号：US11553965
申请日：2006-10-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Troy Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed Heimbecher
发明人： Saurav Paul , Troy Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed Heimbecher
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2090/065
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for assessing electrode-tissue contact for tissue ablation. An exemplary electrode contact sensing system comprises an electrode housed within a distal portion of a catheter shaft. At least one electro-mechanical sensor is operatively associated with the electrode within the catheter shaft. The at least one electro-mechanical sensor is responsive to movement of the electrode by generating electrical signals corresponding to the amount of movement. The system may also include an output device electrically connected to the at least one electro-mechanical sensor. The output device receives the electrical signals for assessing a level of contact between the electrode and a tissue.
摘要翻译：公开了用于评估用于组织消融的电极组织接触的系统和方法。示例性电极接触感测系统包括容纳在导管轴的远端部分内的电极。至少一个机电传感器与导管轴内的电极可操作地相关联。所述至少一个机电传感器通过产生对应于移动量的电信号来响应电极的运动。该系统还可以包括电连接到该至少一个机电传感器的输出装置。输出装置接收用于评估电极和组织之间的接触水平的电信号。

45. 发明申请

US20050159741A1 Conforming-electrode catheter and method for ablation 有权
标题翻译：符合电极导管及消融方法
公开(公告)号：US20050159741A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-21
申请号：US10856926
申请日：2004-05-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61N1/04
CPC分类号： A61B18/1402 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2018/1472
摘要： A brush electrode catheter and a method for using the brush electrode catheter for tissue ablation are disclosed. The brush electrode catheter comprises a plurality of flexible filaments or bristles for applying ablative energy (e.g., RF energy) to target tissue during the formation of spot or continuous linear lesions. Interstitial spaces are defined among the filaments of the brush electrode, and the interstitial spaces are adapted to direct conductive or nonconductive fluid, when present, toward the distal ends of the brush filaments. The brush electrode facilitates electrode-tissue contact in target tissue having flat or contoured surfaces. The flexible filaments may be selectively trimmed to give a desired tip configuration or a desired standoff distance between the tissue and the conductive filaments in the brush electrode. Also, the filaments may be grouped into clusters. A shielded-tip brush electrode, including a flexible boot, is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种刷电极导管和用于组织消融的刷电极导管的方法。刷电极导管包括多个柔性细丝或刷毛，用于在形成斑点或连续线性病变期间向靶组织施加消融能量（例如RF能量）。间隙空间被限定在刷电极的细丝之间，并且间隙空间适于将导电或非导电流体（当存在时）引向刷丝的远端。刷电极促进具有平坦或轮廓表面的靶组织中的电极组织接触。可以选择性地修剪柔性细丝以给出组织和刷电极中的导电细丝之间的期望的尖端构型或期望的间隔距离。此外，丝可以分组成簇。还公开了一种包括柔性护罩的屏蔽尖刷电极。

46. 发明申请

US20050159739A1 Brush electrode and method for ablation 有权
标题翻译：刷电极和消融方法
公开(公告)号：US20050159739A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-21
申请号：US10808919
申请日：2004-03-24
申请人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1402 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2018/1472
摘要： A brush electrode and a method for using the brush electrode for tissue ablation are disclosed. The brush electrode comprises a plurality of flexible filaments or bristles for applying ablative energy (e.g., RF energy) to target tissue during the formation of spot or continuous linear lesions. Interstitial spaces are defined among the filaments of the brush electrode, and the interstitial spaces are adapted to direct conductive or nonconductive fluid, when present, toward the distal ends of the brush filaments. The brush electrode facilitates electrode-tissue contact in target tissue having flat or contoured surfaces. The flexible filaments may be selectively trimmed to give a desired tip configuration or a desired standoff distance between the tissue and the conductive filaments in the brush electrode. Also, the filaments may be grouped into clusters. A shielded-tip brush electrode, including a flexible boot, is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种刷电极和使用刷电极进行组织消融的方法。刷电极包括多个柔性细丝或刷毛，用于在形成斑点或连续线性损伤期间向靶组织施加消融能量（例如RF能量）。间隙空间被限定在刷电极的细丝之间，并且间隙空间适于将导电或非导电流体（当存在时）引向刷丝的远端。刷电极促进具有平坦或轮廓表面的靶组织中的电极组织接触。可以选择性地修剪柔性细丝以给出组织和刷电极中的导电细丝之间的期望的尖端构型或期望的间隔距离。此外，丝可以分组成簇。还公开了一种包括柔性护罩的屏蔽尖刷电极。

47. 发明授权

US08998890B2 Assessment of electrode coupling for tissue ablation 有权
标题翻译：组织消融电极耦合评估
公开(公告)号：US08998890B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-07
申请号：US12095685
申请日：2006-12-06
申请人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/12 , A61N1/40 , A61B18/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/40 , A61B2018/00357 , A61B2018/00875
摘要： An electrode catheter and a method for assessing electrode-tissue contact and coupling are disclosed. An exemplary electrode catheter comprises an electrode adapted to apply electrical energy. A measurement circuit is adapted to measure impedance between the electrode and ground as the electrode approaches a target tissue. A processor determines a contact and coupling condition for the target tissue based at least in part on reactance of the impedance measured by the measurement circuit. In another exemplary embodiment, the electrode catheter determines the contact and coupling condition based at least in part on a phase angle of the impedance.
摘要翻译：公开了电极导管和用于评估电极组织接触和耦合的方法。示例性电极导管包括适于施加电能的电极。测量电路适于在电极接近目标组织时测量电极和地面之间的阻抗。处理器至少部分地基于由测量电路测量的阻抗的电抗来确定目标组织的接触和耦合条件。在另一示例性实施例中，电极导管至少部分地基于阻抗的相位角确定接触和耦合条件。

48. 发明授权

US07819868B2 Ablation catheter with fluid distribution structures 有权
标题翻译：消融导管与流体分布结构
公开(公告)号：US07819868B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-26
申请号：US11158944
申请日：2005-06-21
申请人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Kedar R. Belhe , Saurav Paul , Todd Stangenes
发明人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Kedar R. Belhe , Saurav Paul , Todd Stangenes
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/00375 , A61B2018/1472
摘要： An ablation catheter has improved fluid distribution structures. An ablation section at a distal end of the catheter is designed to provide a more uniform fluid flow emanating from the catheter. By creating a uniform fluid flow, a more uniform tissue lesion results and the possibility of charring the tissue is reduced. A combination of mesh material layers, porous materials, and dispersion channels or openings are used to achieve the uniform flow. The amount of fluid used as a virtual electrode to ablate the tissue is greatly reduced with the present invention. Further, the catheter may be used to create a single, uniform linear lesion by successive application of energy to adjacent portions of the ablation section, thus reducing the power required to create the desired lesion.
摘要翻译：消融导管具有改善的流体分布结构。在导管的远端处的消融部分被设计成提供从导管发出的更均匀的流体流动。通过产生均匀的流体流动，会产生更均匀的组织损伤，并且减少了烧结组织的可能性。使用网状材料层，多孔材料和分散通道或开口的组合来实现均匀的流动。用于消除组织的虚拟电极的流体的量通过本发明大大减少。此外，导管可用于通过将能量连续施加到消融部分的相邻部分来产生单一的均匀的线性损伤，从而减少产生所需损伤所需的功率。

49. 发明申请

US20050267332A1 Spring-tip, flexible electrode catheter for tissue ablation 有权
标题翻译：弹簧尖端，柔性电极导管用于组织消融
公开(公告)号：US20050267332A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：US10856904
申请日：2004-05-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , John Roop , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , John Roop , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2018/1435
摘要： A spring-tip, flexible electrode, and a method for using that electrode for tissue ablation, are disclosed. The spring-tip, flexible electrode comprises an enshrouded flexible electrode (e.g., an enshrouded plurality of flexible brush filaments or bristles) for applying ablative energy (e.g., RF energy) to target tissue during the formation of spot or continuous linear lesions. The spring of the spring tip may comprise compressible coils, compressible mesh, or compressible bellows, among other things. The spring provides axial suspension and is capable of axial compression and extension, and is flexible enough for deflection and bending. The axial suspension of the spring tip facilitates the desired contact between the electrode and the tissue surface. A shielded, spring-tip, flexible electrode is also disclosed, and includes a flexible nipple or shield. The spring-tip, flexible electrode facilitates enhanced tissue contact in difficult environments (e.g., during ablation of a contoured or trabeculated surface inside a beating heart) since the flexible electrode readily conforms to surface contours while the bending stress of the spring enhances the contract pressure on the tissue.
摘要翻译：公开了一种弹簧尖端，柔性电极和用于组织消融使用该电极的方法。弹簧尖端的柔性电极包括用于在形成斑点或连续的线性损伤期间向目标组织施加消融能量（例如，RF能量）的带有屏蔽的柔性电极（例如，被包围的多个柔性刷丝或刷毛）。弹簧尖端的弹簧可以包括可压缩线圈，可压缩网或可压缩波纹管等等。弹簧提供轴向悬挂并且能够轴向压缩和伸展，并且具有足够的挠性和弯曲性。弹簧顶端的轴向悬挂有助于电极和组织表面之间的所需接触。还公开了屏蔽的弹簧尖端柔性电极，并且包括柔性接头或屏蔽。弹簧尖端的柔性电极有助于在困难的环境中（例如在跳动心脏内的轮廓或小梁表面的消融期间）增强组织接触，因为柔性电极容易符合表面轮廓，同时弹簧的弯曲应力增加了收缩压力在纸巾上。

50. 发明授权

US10085798B2 Ablation electrode with tactile sensor 有权
公开(公告)号：US10085798B2
公开(公告)日：2018-10-02
申请号：US11647279
申请日：2006-12-29
申请人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Saurav Paul
发明人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61B90/00
摘要： A catheter assembly for assessing contact between the catheter assembly and tissue is disclosed. The assembly includes a catheter shaft and a pressure sensitive conductive composite member whose electrical resistance varies with pressure applied to the catheter assembly. The assembly also includes at least one measurement terminal to permit the measurement of changes in the electrical characteristics of the pressure sensitive conductive composite member. The assembly may optionally include a measurement device to measure resistance, impedance and/or other electrical characteristics. The assembly may utilize a reference electrode secured to the patient's tissue, which permits the measurement device to measure changes between the reference electrode and the at least one measurement terminal. Optionally, the assembly may include a conductive outer layer. Also disclosed are sensor assemblies, contact sensor, methods of contact sensing, and methods of manufacturing relating to the use of pressure sensitive conductive composites.

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