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41. 发明授权

US08890531B2 Systems and methods having pot core antennas for electromagnetic resistivity logging 有权
标题翻译：具有用于电磁阻抗测井的盆芯天线的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08890531B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-18
申请号：US12300876
申请日：2007-01-29
申请人： Randal T. Beste , Michael S. Bittar , Jesse K. Hensarling
发明人： Randal T. Beste , Michael S. Bittar , Jesse K. Hensarling
IPC分类号： G01V3/10 , G01V3/28
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , Y02A90/342 , Y02A90/344
摘要： Disclosed herein are electromagnetic resistivity logging systems and methods that employ magnetic dipole antennas embedded in wall-contacting surfaces. In some embodiments, the antennas are pot-core or ferrite-rod antennas. Prototypes of electromagnetic resistivity logging tools having such antennas exhibit good resistivity logging performance in both water-based and oil-based borehole fluids, indicating that this architecture may yield a logging tool that is suitable for use with borehole fluids of all types. Moreover, the tool offers good spatial resolution, enabling the creation of formation resistivity images for the borehole walls.
摘要翻译：本文公开了电磁电阻测井系统和采用嵌入在壁接触表面中的磁偶极天线的方法。在一些实施例中，天线是锅芯或铁氧体棒状天线。具有这种天线的电磁测井工具的原型在水基和油基井眼流体中表现出良好的电阻率测井性能，表明该结构可以产生适用于所有类型的井眼流体的测井工具。此外，该工具提供了良好的空间分辨率，使得能够为钻孔壁创建地层电阻率图像。

42. 发明申请

US20140249754A1 LOOK-AHEAD OF THE BIT APPLICATIONS 有权
标题翻译：前瞻性的应用程序
公开(公告)号：US20140249754A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-04
申请号：US14110683
申请日：2011-11-15
申请人： Burkay Donderici , Michael S. Bittar
发明人： Burkay Donderici , Michael S. Bittar
IPC分类号： G01V3/38 , G01V3/26
CPC分类号： G01V3/38 , E21B7/04 , G01V3/26 , G01V3/28
摘要： Various embodiments include apparatus and methods of operation with respect to well logging. Apparatus and methods can include a tool having an arrangement of spaced apart transmitter antennas and receiver antennas in transmitter-receiver antenna pairs to make shallow measurements and deep measurements. The signals acquired from the shallow measurements and deep measurements can be processed to provide a look-ahead signal in a drilling operation. The transmitter and receiver antennas can be oriented to cancel or substantially cancel out signals from layers between the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna in response to the transmitter being operated downhole in a well. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
摘要翻译：各种实施例包括关于测井的装置和操作方法。装置和方法可以包括在发射机 - 接收机天线对中具有间隔开的发射器天线和接收天线的布置的工具，以进行浅测量和深度测量。从浅测量和深度测量获取的信号可以被处理以在钻井操作中提供一个预先信号。响应于在井中井下操作的发射器，发射器和接收器天线可以被定向为抵消或基本上抵消来自发射器天线和接收器天线之间的层的信号。公开了附加装置，系统和方法。

43. 发明申请

US20130046474A1 Efficient Inversion Systems and Methods for Directionally-Sensitive Resistivity Logging Tools 有权
标题翻译：用于定向敏感电阻率测井工具的高效反演系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20130046474A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-21
申请号：US13695455
申请日：2010-07-16
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Yumei Tang , Shanjun Li
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Yumei Tang , Shanjun Li
IPC分类号： G01V3/30 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01V3/10 , G01V3/28 , G01V2210/626
摘要： Various resistivity logging tools, systems, and methods are disclosed. At least some tool embodiments include transmit and receive antennas that measure the electromagnetic response of the formation, at least one of which is tilted to provide a directional sensitivity. A processor converts the response (measured as a function of the tool's rotation angle) into a set of inversion parameters, which are then used to estimate the anisotropic properties of the formation. The set of inversion parameters includes at least one parameter based on an antipodal sum of the response signal, and may further include parameters based on an antipodal difference and an average of the signal response. Antipodal sum and difference values at different rotational orientations can be included in the set of inversion parameters, and they may be normalized to reduce environmental effects. Some tool embodiments collect the relevant formation measurements using parallel or perpendicular tilted antennas.
摘要翻译：公开了各种电阻率测井工具，系统和方法。至少一些工具实施例包括测量地层的电磁响应的发射和接收天线，其中至少一个被倾斜以提供方向灵敏度。处理器将响应（作为工具的旋转角度的函数测量）转换为一组反演参数，然后将其用于估计地层的各向异性特性。所述反演参数集合包括基于响应信号的对称和的至少一个参数，并且还可以包括基于对数差异和信号响应的平均值的参数。反演参数组中可以包含不同旋转方向的对称和和差值，并且它们可以归一化以减少环境影响。一些工具实施例使用平行或垂直倾斜的天线收集相关的地层测量。

44. 发明申请

US20120326825A1 INDUCTIVE DOWNHOLE TOOL HAVING MULTILAYER TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER AND RELATED METHODS 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有多层发射器和接收器的电感式工具及相关方法
公开(公告)号：US20120326825A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-27
申请号：US13499739
申请日：2009-10-09
申请人： Luis E. San Martin , Evan L. Davies , Michael S. Bittar
发明人： Luis E. San Martin , Evan L. Davies , Michael S. Bittar
IPC分类号： H01F27/28
摘要： A downhole tool including a transmitter coil assembly and a receiver coil assembly. The coil assembly includes at least one first coil having a first support member with a first single layer of wire wound therearound. The coil assembly further includes at least one second coil. The second coil includes a second support member having a second single layer of wire wound therearound. The first support member is disposed within the second support member, and the first single layer spaced apart from the second single wire by a distance of D.
摘要翻译：一种井下工具，包括发射器线圈组件和接收器线圈组件。线圈组件包括至少一个具有第一支撑构件的第一线圈，该第一支撑构件具有缠绕在其上的第一单层线。线圈组件还包括至少一个第二线圈。第二线圈包括具有缠绕在其周围的第二单层线的第二支撑构件。第一支撑构件设置在第二支撑构件内，并且第一单层与第二单线间隔开距离D.

45. 发明申请

US20120186873A1 WELL DRILLING METHOD UTILIZING REAL TIME RESPONSE TO AHEAD OF BIT MEASUREMENTS 审中-公开
标题翻译：井下钻井方法应用于实际应用到位测量前
公开(公告)号：US20120186873A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-26
申请号：US13391833
申请日：2010-10-05
申请人： Sara Shayegi , Derrick W. Lewis , Michael S. Bittar , James Randolph Lovorn , Craig W. Godfrey
发明人： Sara Shayegi , Derrick W. Lewis , Michael S. Bittar , James Randolph Lovorn , Craig W. Godfrey
IPC分类号： E21B44/00 , E21B21/08 , E21B7/06 , E21B44/02
CPC分类号： E21B21/08 , E21B44/00
摘要： A well drilling method utilizing real time response to ahead of bit measurements. A well drilling method includes measuring a property of a portion of the earth prior to drilling a wellbore into the earth portion; and varying a drilling parameter in real time while drilling the wellbore, in response to measuring the property.
摘要翻译：利用实时响应提前比特测量的钻井方法。钻井方法包括在将井眼钻入地球部分之前测量地球的一部分的性质; 并且在钻井时改变钻孔参数，以响应于测量属性。

46. 发明申请

US20120133367A1 Fracture Characterization Using Directional Electromagnetic Resistivity Measurements 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用定向电磁电阻测量的断裂特征
公开(公告)号：US20120133367A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-31
申请号：US13131872
申请日：2009-08-20
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Clive D. Menezes
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Clive D. Menezes
IPC分类号： G01V3/17
CPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/122 , G01V3/18 , G01V3/20
摘要： A disclosed fracture characterization method includes: collecting three-dimensional resistivity measurements of a volume surrounding an open borehole; analyzing the measurements to determine parameters describing fractures in the volume; and providing a report to a user based at least in part on said parameters. A fluid with a contrasting resistivity is employed to make the fractures detectable by a directional electromagnetic logging tool in the borehole. illustrative parameters include fracture direction, height, extent, length, and thickness. The resistivity measurements can be augmented using a borehole wall image logging tool. Also disclosed are fracturing methods that include: positioning a directional electromagnetic logging tool proximate to a formation; fracturing the formation; monitoring fracture progression with said tool; and halting the fracturing when measurements by said tool indicate that a predetermined set of criteria have been satisfied.
摘要翻译：公开的断裂表征方法包括：收集围绕开放井眼的体积的三维电阻率测量; 分析测量值以确定描述体积中断裂的参数; 以及至少部分地根据所述参数向用户提供报告。使用具有对比电阻率的流体来使得可以通过井眼中的定向电磁测井工具检测到裂缝。说明性参数包括断裂方向，高度，程度，长度和厚度。可以使用钻孔壁图像测井工具来增加电阻率测量值。还公开了一种压裂方法，其包括：定向电磁测井工具靠近地层; 破裂形成; 用所述工具监测骨折进展; 并且当所述工具的测量指示已经满足预定的一组标准时，停止压裂。

47. 发明授权

US08085050B2 Robust inversion systems and methods for azimuthally sensitive resistivity logging tools 有权
标题翻译：用于方位敏感电阻率测井工具的鲁棒反演系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08085050B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-27
申请号：US12299760
申请日：2007-03-16
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Guoyu Hu
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Guoyu Hu
IPC分类号： G01V3/10
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： Methods and systems for determining the horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity, and relative dip angle of anisotropic earth formations. Some of the disclosed methods and systems measure sinusoidal variation of azimuthally sensitive resistivity logging tool measurements, determine parameters representative of the sinusoidal variation, and perform inversion based on the sinusoidal parameters. When cast in this manner, the inversion process may yield more accurate and consistent resistivity and dip angle estimates. The sinusoidal parameters preferably take the form of average and peak-to-peak measurements, but may also take other forms. Moreover, use of such sinusoidal parameters enables a condensed representation of the resistivity logging tool measurements, enabling significantly more efficient communication and storage of these measurements. The condensed representations continue to enable directional boundary detection and geosteering.
摘要翻译：用于确定各向异性地层的水平电阻率，垂直电阻率和相对倾角的方法和系统。所公开的方法和系统中的一些测量方位角敏感电阻率测井工具测量的正弦变化，确定表示正弦变化的参数，并且基于正弦参数执行反转。当以这种方式铸造时，反演过程可以产生更准确和一致的电阻率和倾角估计。正弦参数优选采用平均值和峰 - 峰值测量的形式，但也可采取其他形式。此外，使用这种正弦参数可以实现电阻率测井工具测量的浓缩表示，从而能够显着提高这些测量的通信和存储。浓缩表示继续实现方向边界检测和地理转向。

48. 发明授权

US08085049B2 Electromagnetic wave resistivity tool having a tilted antenna for geosteering within a desired payzone 有权
标题翻译：具有倾斜天线的电磁波电阻率工具，用于在期望的付费区内进行地理转向
公开(公告)号：US08085049B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-27
申请号：US12467434
申请日：2009-05-18
申请人： Michael S. Bittar
发明人： Michael S. Bittar
IPC分类号： G01V3/30 , G01V3/38
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： This invention is directed to a downhole method and apparatus for simultaneously determining the horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity, and relative dip angle for anisotropic earth formations. The present invention accomplishes this objective by using an antenna configuration in which a transmitter antenna and a receiver antenna are oriented in non-parallel planes such that the vertical resistivity and the relative dip angle are decoupled. Preferably, either the transmitter or the receiver is mounted in a conventional orientation in a first plane that is normal to the tool axis, and the other antenna is mounted in a second plane that is not parallel to the first plane. This invention also relates to a method and apparatus for steering a downhole tool during a drilling operation in order to maintain the borehole within a desired earth formation. The steering capability is enabled by computing the difference or the ratio of the phase-based or amplitude-based responses of the receiver antennas which are mounted in planes that are not parallel to the planes of the transmitter antennas. Although this invention is primarily intended for MWD or LWD applications, this invention is also applicable to wireline and possibly other applications.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于同时确定各向异性地球地层的水平电阻率，垂直电阻率和相对倾角的井下方法和装置。本发明通过使用其中发射机天线和接收机天线在非平行平面中定向使得垂直电阻率和相对倾角被去耦合的天线配置来实现该目的。优选地，发射器或接收器中的传统方向安装在与工具轴线垂直的第一平面中，另一个天线安装在不平行于第一平面的第二平面中。本发明还涉及一种用于在钻井操作期间转向井下工具以便将井眼保持在期望的地层中的方法和装置。通过计算安装在不平行于发射机天线的平面的平面中的接收机天线的基于相位或基于幅度的响应的差异或比例来实现转向能力。尽管本发明主要用于MWD或LWD应用，但本发明也适用于有线和可能的其他应用。

49. 发明授权

US07982464B2 Drilling systems and methods using radial current flow for boundary detection or boundary distance estimation 有权
标题翻译：使用径向电流流动进行边界检测或边界距离估算的钻井系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07982464B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US12067582
申请日：2007-05-01
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Guoyu Hu , William E. Hendricks
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Guoyu Hu , William E. Hendricks
IPC分类号： G01V3/18
CPC分类号： G01V3/24
摘要： Systems and methods for look-ahead boundary detection and distance estimation are disclosed. In some embodiments, a drilling method includes extending a borehole with a drill string that includes a resistivity logging tool. The logging tool makes upward-looking and downward-looking resistivity measurements based on radial current flow. The upward looking and downward looking resistivity measurements are processed to estimate the distance to approaching bed boundaries, and drilling can be halted when the estimated distance reaches a desired value. Such information can be used to anchor casing at advantageous points and can further be used to avoid penetrating water-containing formations below a hydrocarbon reservoir.
摘要翻译：公开了用于先行边界检测和距离估计的系统和方法。在一些实施例中，钻井方法包括用包括电阻率测井工具的钻柱延伸钻孔。测井工具基于径向电流流动，产生向上和向下的电阻率测量。处理向上观察和向下观察的电阻率测量以估计接近床边界的距离，并且当估计的距离达到期望值时可以停止钻孔。这样的信息可以用于将外壳锚定在有利的位置，并且可以进一步用于避免在油气藏下方渗透含水地层。

50. 发明授权

US07557580B2 Electromagnetic wave resistivity tool having a tilted antenna for geosteering within a desired payzone 有权
公开(公告)号：US07557580B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-07
申请号：US12127672
申请日：2008-05-27
申请人： Michael S. Bittar
发明人： Michael S. Bittar
IPC分类号： G01V3/30 , G01V3/38
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： This invention is directed to a downhole method and apparatus for simultaneously determining the horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity, and relative dip angle for anisotropic earth formations. The present invention accomplishes this objective by using an antenna configuration in which a transmitter antenna and a receiver antenna are oriented in non-parallel planes such that the vertical resistivity and the relative dip angle are decoupled. Preferably, either the transmitter or the receiver is mounted in a conventional orientation in a first plane that is normal to the tool axis, and the other antenna is mounted in a second plane that is not parallel to the first plane. This invention also relates to a method and apparatus for steering a downhole tool during a drilling operation in order to maintain the borehole within a desired earth formation. The steering capability is enabled by computing the difference or the ratio of the phase-based or amplitude-based responses of the receiver antennas which are mounted in planes that are not parallel to the planes of the transmitter antennas. Although this invention is primarily intended for MWD or LWD applications, this invention is also applicable to wireline and possibly other applications.

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