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41. 发明授权

US4526845A Molten carbonate fuel cell integral matrix tape and bubble barrier 失效
标题翻译：熔融碳酸盐燃料电池整体矩阵胶带和气泡屏障
公开(公告)号：US4526845A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-02
申请号：US516833
申请日：1983-07-25
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Donald L. Maricle
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Donald L. Maricle
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/14 , H01M8/24 , H01M4/86
CPC分类号： H01M8/142 , H01M8/0295 , H01M8/244 , H01M2008/147 , H01M2300/0051 , Y02E60/526
摘要： A molten carbonate fuel cell matrix material is described made up of a matrix tape portion and a bubble barrier portion. The matrix tape portion comprises particles inert to molten carbonate electrolyte, ceramic particles and a polymeric binder, the matrix tape being flexible, pliable and having rubber-like compliance at room temperature. The bubble barrier is a solid material having fine porosity up to about 50% by volume, optionally being bonded to the matrix tape. In operation in a fuel cell, the polymer binder burns off leaving the matrix and bubble barrier providing superior sealing, stability and performance properties to the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译：描述了由矩阵带部分和气泡阻挡部分组成的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池基体材料。基质带部分包括对熔融碳酸盐电解质，陶瓷颗粒和聚合物粘合剂惰性的颗粒，该基质带在室温下是柔性的，柔韧的并具有类似橡胶的柔顺性。气泡屏障是具有高达约50体积％的细孔率的固体材料，任选地结合到基质带上。在燃料电池中操作时，聚合物粘合剂燃烧掉离开基体和气泡阻挡层，为燃料电池堆提供优异的密封性，稳定性和性能。

42. 发明授权

US08142950B2 Hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant 有权
标题翻译：用于燃料电池发电厂的氢钝化关闭系统
公开(公告)号：US08142950B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US12387515
申请日：2009-05-04
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Venkateshwarlu Yadha , Matthew P. Wilson
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Venkateshwarlu Yadha , Matthew P. Wilson
IPC分类号： H01M2/38 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04455 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04447 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04798 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： The invention is a hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant (10, 200). During shut down of the plant (10, 200), hydrogen fuel is permitted to transfer between an anode flow path (24, 24′) and a cathode flow path (38, 38′). A controlled-oxidant flow device (209) near an oxygen source (58′) permits a minimal amount of atmospheric oxygen to enter the power plant (200) during shut down to equalize pressure between ambient atmosphere and the flow paths (24′, 28′) and to keep limited atmospheric oxygen entering the power plant (200) through the device (209) as far as possible from fuel cell flow fields (28′, 42′). A non-leaking hydrogen inlet valve (202), a non-leaking cathode exhaust valve (208), and a combined oxidant and fuel exhaust line (206) also minimize penetration of oxygen into the shut down power plant (200).
摘要翻译：本发明是用于燃料电池发电厂（10,200）的氢钝化关闭系统。在工厂（10,200）关闭期间，允许氢燃料在阳极流动路径（24,24'）和阴极流动路径（38,38'）之间传递。在氧源（58'）附近的受控氧化剂流动装置（209）允许最少量的大气氧在关闭期间进入发电厂（200），以使环境大气和流动路径（24'，28）之间的压力相等 '）并且尽可能远离燃料电池流场（28'，42'），通过装置（209）将有限的大气氧气进入发电厂（200）。不泄漏的氢气入口阀（202），不泄漏的阴极排气阀（208）和组合的氧化剂和燃料排放管线（206）还使氧气进入关闭发电厂（200）的渗透最小化。

43. 发明申请

US20110171547A1 Low Power Control of Fuel Cell Open Circuit Voltage 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池开路电压低功率控制
公开(公告)号：US20110171547A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-14
申请号：US12998152
申请日：2008-10-03
申请人： Matthew P. Wilson , Venkateshwarlu Yadha , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Matthew P. Wilson , Venkateshwarlu Yadha , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04626 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04873 , H01M8/04947 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T10/92 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (5) includes a stack (6) of fuel cells, each of which have an anode (9), a cathode (10), and a PEM (11) disposed between the anode and the cathode. A controller (17) recognizes an indication (67) of no load demand (68) by a load (59), to operate (45) an air recycle loop (44-46) utilizing the process air blower (35) and transfer the power output (57) of the stack from the load (59) to an auxiliary load (60), comprising a resistance which will consume a predetermined small amount of power in response to the current applied thereto, when the stack operates at a critical voltage above which fuel cell corrosion is unacceptable. Fuel and air will also be reduced (16, 40). The controller may cause increased cathode recycle when the critical voltage is reached and increased air when the voltage is a fraction of a volt below the critical voltage.
摘要翻译：燃料电池发电厂（5）包括燃料电池堆（6），每个燃料电池单元具有设置在阳极和阴极之间的阳极（9），阴极（10）和PEM（11）。控制器（17）通过负载（59）识别空载需求指示（67），利用处理空气鼓风机（35）操作（45）空气循环回路（44-46），并将堆叠从负载（59）到辅助负载（60）的功率输出（57），包括响应于施加到其上的电流将消耗预定的小量功率的电阻，当堆栈以临界电压以上燃料电池腐蚀是不可接受的。燃料和空气也将减少（16，40）。当达到临界电压时，控制器可能导致增加的阴极再循环，当电压是低于临界电压的伏特的一小部分时，空气增加。

44. 发明授权

US07972745B2 PEM fuel cell system with a porous hydrophobloc plug for maintaining system back pressure and methods for designing the plug and for designing systems for using the plug 有权
标题翻译： PEM燃料电池系统具有多孔疏水塞塞，用于维持系统背压，设计插头的方法和设计使用插头的系统
公开(公告)号：US07972745B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US12799386
申请日：2010-04-23
申请人： Robert Darling , Carl A. Reiser , William J. Bajorek
发明人： Robert Darling , Carl A. Reiser , William J. Bajorek
IPC分类号： H01M2/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04059 , H01M8/04067 , H01M8/0662
摘要： A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell power plant is cooled evaporatively by a non-circulating pressurized water coolant system. The coolant system utilizes a hydrophobic porous plug for bleeding air from the coolant water while maintaining coolant back pressure in a coolant flow field of the system. Furthermore, there is a first method for identifying appropriate parameters of the hydrophobic porous plug for use with a known particular coolant system; and a second method for determining proper operating conditions for a fuel cell water coolant system which can operate with a hydrophobic porous plug closure having known physical parameters.
摘要翻译：聚合物电解质膜（PEM）燃料电池发电厂通过非循环加压水冷却剂系统蒸发冷却。冷却剂系统使用疏水性多孔塞，用于从冷却水中排出空气，同时保持系统的冷却剂流场中的冷却剂背压。此外，存在用于识别用于已知特定冷却剂系统的疏水性多孔塞的适当参数的第一种方法; 以及用于确定燃料电池水冷却剂系统的适当操作条件的第二种方法，所述燃料电池水冷却剂系统可以用具有已知物理参数的疏水性多孔塞子封闭

45. 发明授权

US07807302B2 Preventing fuel starvation of a fuel cell stack 有权
标题翻译：防止燃料电池堆的燃料不足
公开(公告)号：US07807302B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-05
申请号：US10765737
申请日：2004-01-27
申请人： Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04231
摘要： The direction of flow of purged fuel reactant gas (20) is sensed (38, 39, 44, 53, 54) to ensure it flows outwardly from a fuel cell stack (9) towards the ambient (21). If the purged fuel reactant. gas is not flowing outwardly, a signal (39) causes a controller (26) to open the circuit (35) thereby disconnecting the electrical load (33) from the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译：检测清除的燃料反应物气体（20）的流动方向（38,39,44,53,54），以确保其从燃料电池堆（9）向外流向环境（21）。如果被清除的燃料反应物。气体不向外流动，信号（39）使控制器（26）打开电路（35），从而将电负载（33）与燃料电池堆断开。

46. 发明授权

US07732073B2 Fuel cell minimum fuel recycle with maximum fuel utilization 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池最小燃料循环利用率最高
公开(公告)号：US07732073B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-08
申请号：US10838816
申请日：2004-05-04
申请人： Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/249 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04104 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/0681 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： Recycle fuel gas is provided (36) to an impeller (34, 34a) for application to the input (24) of the anode flow fields of a fuel cell stack (25). The impeller may be an ejector (34) having its primary input (33) connected to a source (11) of hydrogen and its secondary input (35) connected to the outlet (27, 37) of the fuel cells anode flow fields. The ejector outlet provides the minimum fuel flow required at the lowest power rating. The impeller may be an electrochemical hydrogen pump (34a) with a constant current generator (50) providing for a substantially constant recycle flow (the highest not more than double the lowest), and one pressure regulator (20) providing minimum flow of fresh fuel to the fuel inlets of the first stack. Pressure regulators (20, 21) control the amount of fresh fuel to the anode flow fields for power in excess of minimum power.
摘要翻译：向燃料电池堆（25）的阳极流场的输入端（24）施加循环燃料气体（36）到叶轮（34,34a）。叶轮可以是喷射器（34），其喷射器（34）的主要输入端（33）连接到氢气源（11），其次级输入（35）连接到燃料电池阳极流场的出口（27,37）。喷射器出口提供最低额定功率所需的最小燃油流量。叶轮可以是具有恒定电流发生器（50）的电化学氢泵（34a），其提供基本恒定的循环流量（最高不超过最低值的两倍），以及一个压力调节器（20），其提供最小的新鲜燃料流到第一堆的燃料入口。压力调节器（20,21）控制阳极流场的新鲜燃料量超过最小功率的功率。

47. 发明申请

US20100047631A1 MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY HAVING PROTECTIVE LAYER AND METHOD FOR MITIGATING MEMBRANE DECAY 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有保护层的膜电极组件和减少膜衰减的方法
公开(公告)号：US20100047631A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-25
申请号：US12444622
申请日：2006-10-24
申请人： Thomas H. Madden , Sergei F. Burlatsky , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Thomas H. Madden , Sergei F. Burlatsky , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M4/92 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M4/92 , H01M4/921 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/04197 , H01M8/1004
摘要： A membrane electrode assembly includes an anode; a cathode; a membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode; and a protective layer positioned between the membrane and the cathode, the protective layer having a first side and a second side and being adapted to restrict migration of oxygen at the first side and to restrict the migration of hydrogen at the second side and thereby maintain a plane of potential change between the anode and the cathode within the protective layer.
摘要翻译：膜电极组件包括阳极; 阴极设置在阳极和阴极之间的膜; 以及位于所述膜与所述阴极之间的保护层，所述保护层具有第一侧和第二侧，并且适于限制所述第一侧的氧的迁移并限制所述第二侧的氢的迁移，从而保持在保护层内的阳极和阴极之间的电位变化的平面。

48. 发明申请

US20090098427A1 Fuel Cell Power Plant Diverting Air in Response to Low Demand 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃料电池发电厂响应低需求转向空气
公开(公告)号：US20090098427A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US12085401
申请日：2005-11-29
申请人： Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/241 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A fuel cell system, which may be powering a vehicle propulsion system (159), includes a fuel cell power plant having a stack (151) including a plurality of fuel cells (12), each having a cathode (19) and anode (17) separated by a membrane (16), and an air pump (174) connected to reactant air flow fields through a diverter valve (172). A controller (185) is responsive to normal and high demand to cause the diverter valve to allow air to flow from the pump to the reactant air flow fields, and is responsive to low demand to cause said diverter valve to divert air directly into ambient so that it does not reach the cathode, thereby to reduce open circuit voltage conditions that promote degradation of the cathode, and to prevent excessive performance decay. An auxiliary load (220) can be in the diverted air flow, either ahead of or after the diverter valve. Energy storage (200, 201) works with the vehicle propulsion system.
摘要翻译：可以为车辆推进系统（159）供电的燃料电池系统包括燃料电池发电厂，其具有包括多个燃料电池（12）的堆叠（151），每个燃料电池单元具有阴极（19）和阳极（17））和通过分流阀（172）连接到反应物气流场的气泵（174）。控制器（185）响应于正常和高的需求以使分流阀允许空气从泵流动到反应物气流场，并且响应于低需求以使所述分流阀将空气直接转入环境中它不会到达阴极，从而降低促进阴极退化的开路电压条件，并防止过度的性能衰减。辅助负载（220）可以在转向阀之前或之后的转向空气流中。储能（200,201）与车辆推进系统配合使用。

49. 发明授权

US07258945B2 Fuel cell having a hydrophilic substrate layer 有权
标题翻译：具有亲水基底层的燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US07258945B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-21
申请号：US10722946
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0245 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/10 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A fuel cell power plant includes a fuel cell having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), disposed between an anode support plate and a cathode support plate, the anode and/or cathode support plates include a hydrophilic substrate layer having a predetermined pore size. The pressure of the reactant gas streams is greater than the pressure of the coolant stream, such that a greater percentage of the pores within the hydrophilic substrate layer contain reactant gas rather than water. Any water that forms on the cathode side of the MEA will migrate through the cathode support plate and away from the MEA. Controlling the pressure also ensures that the coolant water will continually migrate from the coolant stream toward the anode side of the MEA, thereby preventing the membrane from becoming dry. Proper pore size and a pressure differential between coolant and reactants improves the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell.
摘要翻译：燃料电池发电厂包括具有设置在阳极支撑板和阴极支撑板之间的膜电极组件（MEA）的燃料电池，阳极和/或阴极支撑板包括具有预定孔径的亲水基底层。反应物气体流的压力大于冷却剂流的压力，使得亲水基底层内的较大百分比的孔含有反应物气体而不是水。在MEA的阴极侧形成的任何水将通过阴极支撑板迁移并远离MEA。控制压力还可确保冷却水从冷却剂流向MEA的阳极侧连续迁移，从而防止膜变干。冷却剂和反应物之间适当的孔径和压力差提高了燃料电池的电效率。

50. 发明授权

US06746982B2 Porous carbon body for a fuel cell having an electronically conductive hydrophilic agent 有权
标题翻译：具有电子导电性亲水剂的燃料电池用多孔碳体
公开(公告)号：US06746982B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-08
申请号：US10034884
申请日：2001-12-27
申请人： Christopher J. Hertel , John A. S. Bett , Foster P. Lamm , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Christopher J. Hertel , John A. S. Bett , Foster P. Lamm , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： B01J2118
CPC分类号： H01M8/0234 , C04B35/522 , C04B35/83 , C04B2235/424 , C04B2235/48 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/0239 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0245 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04291 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention is a porous carbon body for a fuel cell having an electronically conductive hydrophilic agent and method of manufacture of the body. The porous carbon body comprises an electronically conductive graphite powder in an amount of between 60%-80% by weight of the body; a carbon fiber in an amount of between 5%-15% by weight of the body; a thermoset binder in an amount of between 6%-18% by weight of the body; and, a modified carbon black electronically conductive hydrophilic agent in an amount of between 2%-20% by weight of the body. The body provides for increased wettability without any decrease in electrical conductivity, and also provides for an efficient manufacture without any need for high temperature, costly steps to graphitize the body, or to incorporate post molding hydrophilic agents into pores of the body.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种具有电子导电亲水剂的燃料电池用多孔碳体及其制造方法。多孔碳体包含电子导电石墨粉末，其量为体内重量的60％-80％; 其量为体重的5％-15％之间的碳纤维; 一种热固性粘合剂，其量为体重的6％-18％; 和改性炭黑电子导电亲水剂，其量为体重的2％-20％。身体提供增加的润湿性，而不导致电导率的任何降低，并且还提供有效的制造，而不需要高温，昂贵的步骤来石墨化身体，或将后成型亲水剂并入身体的孔中。

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