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41. 发明授权

US08543781B2 Hybrid locking using network and on-disk based schemes 有权
公开(公告)号：US08543781B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-24
申请号：US12565521
申请日：2009-09-23
申请人： Mayank Rawat , Jinyuan Li , Murali Vilayannur , Daniel J. Scales
发明人： Mayank Rawat , Jinyuan Li , Murali Vilayannur , Daniel J. Scales
IPC分类号： G06F12/14
CPC分类号： H04L41/00 , G06F17/30171
摘要： A method of acquiring a lock by a node, on a shared resource in a system of a plurality of interconnected nodes, is disclosed. Each node that competes for a lock on the shared resource maintains a list of locks currently owned by the node. A lock metadata is maintained on a shared storage that is accessible to all nodes that may compete for locks on shared resources. A heartbeat region is maintained on a shared resource corresponding to each node so nodes can register their liveness. A lock state is maintained in the lock metadata in the shared storage. A lock state may indicate lock held exclusively, lock free or lock in managed mode. If the lock is held in the managed mode, the ownership of the lock can be transferred to another node without a use of a mutual exclusion primitive such as the SCSI reservation.

42. 发明授权

US08489636B2 Providing multiple concurrent access to a file system 有权
公开(公告)号：US08489636B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-16
申请号：US12939532
申请日：2010-11-04
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Satyam B. Vaghani
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Satyam B. Vaghani
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F21/6218 , G06F17/30067 , G06F17/30362
摘要： Multiple computers are connected to a data storage unit that includes a file system, which further includes multiple data entities, including files, directories and the file system itself. The file system also includes, for each data entity, an owner field for indicating which computer, if any, has exclusive or shared access to the data entity, along with a time field for indicating when a lease of the data entity began. When a computer wants to lease a data entity, the computer uses a disk reservation capability to temporarily lock the data storage unit, and, if the data entity is not currently leased, the computer writes its own identification value into the owner field and a current time into the time field for the data entity, to claim the data entity for a renewable lease period. If a prior lease of a data entity has expired, another computer may break the lease and claim ownership for itself.

43. 发明授权

US08266404B2 Generating and using checkpoints in a virtual computer system 有权
标题翻译：在虚拟计算机系统中生成和使用检查点
公开(公告)号：US08266404B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-11
申请号：US13171268
申请日：2011-06-28
申请人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F11/1435 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1458 , G06F11/1471 , G06F11/1482 , G06F11/1484 , G06F12/16 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/84
摘要： To generate a checkpoint for a virtual machine (VM), first, while the VM is still running, a copy-on-write (COW) disk file is created pointing to a parent disk file that the VM is using. Next, the VM is stopped, the VM's memory is marked COW, the device state of the VM is saved to memory, the VM is switched to use the COW disk file, and the VM begins running again for substantially the remainder of the checkpoint generation. Next, the device state that was stored in memory and the unmodified VM memory pages are saved to a checkpoint file. Also, a copy may be made of the parent disk file for retention as part of the checkpoint, or the original parent disk file may be retained as part of the checkpoint. If a copy of the parent disk file was made, then the COW disk file may be committed to the original parent disk file.
摘要翻译：要为虚拟机（VM）生成检查点，首先，当VM仍在运行时，会创建指向VM所使用的父磁盘文件的写时复制（COW）磁盘文件。接下来，VM停止，VM的内存被标记为COW，VM的设备状态被保存到内存，VM被切换为使用COW磁盘文件，并且VM再次开始运行，大部分剩下的检查点生成。接下来，将存储在存储器中的设备状态和未修改的VM内存页保存到检查点文件。另外，作为检查点的一部分，可以将父磁盘文件作为副本作为保留，也可以将原始的父磁盘文件作为检查点的一部分进行保留。如果生成了父磁盘文件的副本，则COW磁盘文件可能会提交到原始的父磁盘文件。

44. 发明授权

US08166475B1 Storage area network access for virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机的存储区域网络访问
公开(公告)号：US08166475B1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-24
申请号：US11478200
申请日：2006-06-29
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Mallik Mahalingam
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Mallik Mahalingam
IPC分类号： G06F9/445 , G06F13/00 , G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/45558 , H04L67/1097
摘要： Detailed herein are approaches to allowing individual virtual machines executing on a single physical host to have their own substantially unique identifier for access to a storage area network (SAN). In one approach, a substantially unique identifier (SUI) is associated with a virtual machine, and the physical node is instructed to use that SUI when logging into the SAN and when performing input or output operations on behalf of the virtual machine.
摘要翻译：这里详细描述了允许在单个物理主机上执行的各个虚拟机具有用于访问存储区域网络（SAN）的本身基本上唯一的标识符的方法。在一种方法中，基本上唯一的标识符（SUI）与虚拟机相关联，并且指示物理节点在登录SAN时以及当代表虚拟机执行输入或输出操作时使用该SUI。

45. 发明授权

US07966615B2 Transitioning of virtual machine from replay mode to live mode 有权
标题翻译：将虚拟机从重播模式转换到实时模式
公开(公告)号：US07966615B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US12266171
申请日：2008-11-06
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1695 , G06F11/2033 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2046 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A backup VM is allowed to enter live execution mode at instruction boundaries but not in the middle of emulation of a single instruction. This is accomplished by having the last log entry of multiple entries generated during emulation of an instruction to have an indication of a “go-live” point and by having the backup VM not replay log entries provided by the primary VM beyond the log entry that indicates the “go-live” point.
摘要翻译：允许备份虚拟机在指令边界进入实时执行模式，但不能在单个指令的仿真中进行。这是通过在仿真仿真指令期间生成的多个条目的最后日志条目来实现的，以便具有“go-live”点的指示，并且使得备份VM不重播由主VM提供的超出日志条目的日志条目，表示“上线”点。

46. 发明授权

US07849098B1 Providing multiple concurrent access to a file system 有权
标题翻译：为文件系统提供多个并发访问
公开(公告)号：US07849098B1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-07
申请号：US10773613
申请日：2004-02-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Satyam B. Vaghani
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Satyam B. Vaghani
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F21/6218 , G06F17/30067 , G06F17/30362
摘要： Multiple computers are connected to a data storage unit that includes a file system, which further includes multiple data entities, including files, directories and the file system itself. The file system also includes, for each data entity, an owner field for indicating which computer, if any, has exclusive or shared access to the data entity, along with a time field for indicating when a lease of the data entity began. When a computer wants to lease a data entity, the computer uses a disk reservation capability to temporarily lock the data storage unit, and, if the data entity is not currently leased, the computer writes its own identification value into the owner field and a current time into the time field for the data entity, to claim the data entity for a renewable lease period. If a prior lease of a data entity has expired, another computer may break the lease and claim ownership for itself.
摘要翻译：多个计算机连接到包括文件系统的数据存储单元，该文件系统还包括多个数据实体，包括文件，目录和文件系统本身。文件系统还包括用于每个数据实体的所有者字段，用于指示哪个计算机（如果有的话）具有对数据实体的独占或共享访问，以及用于指示何时开始数据实体的租约的时间字段。当计算机要租用数据实体时，计算机使用磁盘预留能力临时锁定数据存储单元，并且如果数据实体当前没有租用，则计算机将自己的标识值写入所有者字段，并且当前时间进入数据实体的时间段，要求数据实体进行可再生租赁期。如果数据实体的先前租赁已经过期，则另一台计算机可能会破坏租赁并为其自行申请所有权。

47. 发明申请

US20090119665A1 TRANSITIONING OF VIRTUAL MACHINE FROM REPLAY MODE TO LIVE MODE 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机从复原模式转换到实时模式
公开(公告)号：US20090119665A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-07
申请号：US12266171
申请日：2008-11-06
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1695 , G06F11/2033 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2046 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A backup VM is allowed to enter live execution mode at instruction boundaries but not in the middle of emulation of a single instruction. This is accomplished by having the last log entry of multiple entries generated during emulation of an instruction to have an indication of a “go-live” point and by having the backup VM not replay log entries provided by the primary VM beyond the log entry that indicates the “go-live” point.
摘要翻译：允许备份虚拟机在指令边界进入实时执行模式，但不能在单个指令的仿真中进行。这是通过在仿真仿真指令期间生成的多个条目的最后日志条目来实现的，以便具有“go-live”点的指示，并且使得备份VM不重播由主VM提供的超出日志条目的日志条目，表示“上线”点。

48. 发明授权

US07269683B1 Providing access to a raw data storage unit in a computer system 有权
标题翻译：提供对计算机系统中原始数据存储单元的访问
公开(公告)号：US07269683B1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-11
申请号：US11643072
申请日：2006-12-21
申请人： Satyam B. Vaghani , Daniel J. Scales
发明人： Satyam B. Vaghani , Daniel J. Scales
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F3/0643 , G06F3/0607 , G06F3/0622 , G06F3/0667 , G06F3/067
摘要： A computer has access to a system-formatted data storage unit (DSU) containing a file system and to a raw DSU. A file within the file system constitutes a raw DSU mapping that facilitates access to the raw DSU. The raw DSU mapping appears to be an ordinary file to a storage user, but with the size of the raw DSU. An attempted access to the raw DSU mapping is translated into a corresponding access to the raw DSU. Access to the raw DSU by the storage user may be restricted to a specified region of the raw DSU, by defining an extent within the raw DSU mapping. The raw DSU mapping provides access to the raw DSU with many of the advantages of using a file system, including name persistency, permissions, persistent attributes, locking information for a distributed file system and other extended metadata.
摘要翻译：计算机可以访问包含文件系统和原始DSU的系统格式的数据存储单元（DSU）。文件系统内的一个文件构成一个原始DSU映射，便于访问原始的DSU。原始DSU映射似乎是存储用户的普通文件，但具有原始DSU的大小。对原始DSU映射的尝试访问被转换为对原始DSU的相应访问。存储用户对原始DSU的访问可以通过定义原始DSU映射中的范围来限制到原始DSU的指定区域。原始DSU映射提供对原始DSU的访问，具有使用文件系统的许多优点，包括名称持久性，权限，持久属性，分布式文件系统的锁定信息和其他扩展元数据。

49. 发明授权

US5787480A Lock-up free data sharing 失效
标题翻译：锁定免费数据共享
公开(公告)号：US5787480A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US684281
申请日：1996-07-17
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Kourosh Gharachorloo
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Kourosh Gharachorloo
IPC分类号： G06F9/46 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A software implemented method for lock-up free data sharing operates in a networked computer system including a plurality of workstations. Each workstation including a processor, a memory having addresses, and an input/output interface connected to each other by a bus. A set of addresses of the memories are designated as virtual shared addresses to store shared data. A portion of the virtual shared addresses is allocated to store the shared data as a plurality of blocks accessible by programs executing in any of the processors, each block including an integer number of lines. A program is instrumented to request an exclusive copy of the block if the program includes a store instruction which attempts to access data stored in a non-exclusive copy of the block. Additional instructions of the program are executed while the request for the exclusive copy of the block is pending. Addresses of data of the block modified by the additional instructions are recorded. In response to receiving the exclusive copy of the block, the modified data stored at the recorded addresses are merged with the data of the exclusive copy of the block.
摘要翻译：用于锁定免费数据共享的软件实现方法在包括多个工作站的联网计算机系统中运行。每个工作站包括处理器，具有地址的存储器以及通过总线彼此连接的输入/输出接口。存储器的一组地址被指定为虚拟共享地址以存储共享数据。分配虚拟共享地址的一部分以将共享数据存储为可由在任何处理器中执行的程序访问的多个块，每个块包括整数行。如果程序包括尝试访问存储在块的非排他性副本中的数据的存储指令，则程序被用来请求块的排他副本。当程序的独占副本的请求待决时，执行程序的附加指令。记录由附加指令修改的块的数据地址。响应于接收到块的独占副本，存储在记录地址处的修改数据与块的专用副本的数据合并。

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